Portal of Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journals
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The Role of University Career Development Centers and Industry Partnerships in Enhancing Graduate Employability
No full textThe research aims to detect the role of career development centers (CDC) at universities and Industry Partnerships in Graduate Employability (GE) Enhancements in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The research design was descriptive-analytical, in which the variables were described, and their interrelationship and effects were examined. This study was carried out in the universities in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq. To complete the research objectives, a questionnaire was developed to gather field information and was administered to randomly sample University Career Centers. There were (57) valid questionnaires returned and analyzed. The statistical analysis of the data was conducted through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences the findings indicate that CDC programs and services enhance graduates’ readiness for the labor market, while robust industry participation is associated with improved employability outcomes. Besides this, CDC also emphasizes the need to combine the support of the institutions and the outside involvement to make the most out of the interaction effect between the quality of the service and the collaboration in the industry. Finally, a series of recommendations was formulated to help guide the universities, policymakers, and industry partners to strengthen the strategic position of CDC and the collaboration of universities and the industry to achieve better GE results within the Kurdistan Region
The Prevalence and Automated Identification of Microorganisms Isolated from Clinical Samples in Kalar City
No full textEffective isolation and accurate identification are two critical steps in diagnosing the causes of microbial infections. The ability to effectively analyze and identify isolates using manual isolation and automated instruments in identification is vital to the process. This study investigated the prevalence and distribution of bacterial and fungal isolates from various clinical samples. Laboratory experiments and surveys were conducted among patients who attended Zanko Medical Lab in Kalar City from August 2022 to March 2024. A total of 691 bacterial strains were isolated, with a high identification rate of 94.9%, using the automated VITEK 2 Compact system for microbial identification. Gram-negative bacteria constituted the majority (59.04%), followed by Gram-positive bacteria (34.15%) and yeasts (1.75%). Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most common gram-negative isolates from urine, with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae being more frequent in females and Pseudomonas aeruginosa more frequent in males, particularly those undergoing endoscopic surgery. Among gram-positive isolates, Staphylococcus hemolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus were commonly identified, primarily from urine specimens. Urine samples constitute (84.2 %) of the isolates, high vaginal swabs (7.9 %), sputum samples (2.9 %) and other samples. The VITEK 2 Compact system is crucial for accurately identifying most isolates of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Some are too difficult to identify using other methods, such as semi-automated approaches
Exploring English as a Foreign Language Teachers’ Competencies in using AI for Teaching and Learning
No full textArtificial Intelligence is a new dominant technological trend in the process of education. It is proved to be effective in enhancing learning process and promote learners’ engagement. Consequently, the effective use of AI requires a skillful teach who has the required pedagogical and conceptual competencies to use the applications effectively. Thus, the present research tries to explore EFL teachers' competencies in using AI for teaching and learning. Following the descriptive analytical method of research, the research uses an observation sheet as a main instrument to investigate (15) university teachers’ competencies of using AI applications in EFL instruction. Those teachers are a staff at Salahaddin University-Erbil who teach EFL for the first year at the faculties of Engineering, Science, Agriculture, Economy and Management. Results of the observation sheet reveals that demonstrated a deep practice and use of AI applications, particularly in content development, lesson planning, test generation, lesson delivery, language skills development, vocabulary and grammar instruction, classroom automation and self-directed and personalized practice using adaptive platforms. However, the observations also revealed weak performance and less ability in foundational AI knowledge, especially regarding core concepts such as machine learning, natural language processing, and algorithmic bias
Narrative Technique in Elif Shafak’s The Forty Rules of Love
No full textThe significance of the technique used Elif Shafak’s The Forty Rules of Love is that it narrates two distinct stories: One within the other. Despite its vast difference in time and place, they go in parallel sequence about two geographical and spiritual journeys separated by many centuries. The first one is about Ella Rubinstein, a married lady who lives in the recent time England; whereas the second story that of the wanderer dervish Shams of Tabriz with the reverend scholar, Jalaluddin Rumi of 13th-century Asia Minor. This research paper explores the narrative techniques employed by Shafak to weave these parallel stories into a cohesive and spiritually enriching tale. For the purpose of elaborating the narrative technique used in The Forty Rules of Love by Elif Shafak, the present study applies a qualitative research approach. The major source of the study is the textual analysis of the novel. The paper traces the use of a two-fold narrative, multiple narrators, and tropology that contribute to the novel’s thematic depth and attracts the readers’ interest. All these state-of-the-art methods are manipulated by Shafak to serve a certain thematic purpose: the rules of divine love prevail over all the religious norms against hatred and Phanatic interpretations of religion
Relation between Blood Lead Levels and Hypochromic Microcytic Anemia among Primary School Children
No full textIron deficiency (ID) and thalassemia are the main causes of hypochromic microcytic anemia (HMA), a common nutritional disorder affecting school-age children. This study compared Group A, hypochromic microcytic children with ID, Group B, hypochromic microcytic children with normal ferritin levels, and control groups to investigate the additional effect of lead exposure on the severity of HMA in children aged 9–12 years. Blood analyses showed that Group A had higher blood lead levels (BLLs) (7.764 μg/dL) and significantly lower iron parameters (serum iron 47.82 ± 3.15 μg/dL and ferritin 14.41 ± 1.329 ng/mL) than controls (86.86 ± 3.003 μg/dL iron, 72.9 ± 5.847 ng/mL ferritin, and 3.175 ± 0.5347 μg/dL BLL; all P < 0.0001). Group B exhibited moderate in comparison to Group A lead exposure (7.54 ± 1.15 μg/dL) and iron-replete but elevated ferritin (118.6 ± 60.75 ng/mL). Lead interferes with iron metabolism, as evidenced by the negative correlation between lead levels and iron status (serum iron r = −0.2281, transferrin saturation r = −0.3141) and the positive correlation with total iron binding capacity (r = 0.32). While Group B children maintain different iron profiles despite similar lead exposure, the results show that environmental lead exposure exacerbates ID in Group A through disrupted absorption and utilization. These findings highlight the importance of concurrent lead screening and iron status evaluation in pediatric HMA management, especially in areas with environmental lead contamination
The Relationship between Anxiety and Accuracy of EFL Learners’ Task-based Speech
Get PDFThe present descriptive research study was conducted to take into consideration the possible relationship between Kurdish English as a Foreign Language learners’ accuracy of task-based speech and their foreign language classroom anxiety at Cihan University-Erbil. A total of 80 female undergraduate students participated in this study. Regarding the data collection, first, the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale questionnaire was filled out by the students, the IELTS test is acting as a proficiency test to test the current level of the participants before conducting the study. It is noted that their accuracy level was investigated according to the error-free t-units they produced, while answering the IELTS part one questions. The results of this study demonstrated that the Kurdish students suffer from high anxiety levels, and there was a statistically significant negative relationship between anxiety and the accuracy of the learners’ speech. That is, the more anxious the students are, the more inaccurate they will be. The results of this study have implications for policymakers, syllabus designers, teachers, and students, raising their awareness about the relationships among the variables investigated in this study regarding task-based speech
The Impact of War on Social Behaviors of Resettled Children and Adolescents in Refugee Camps
No full textThe research sought to determine the effect of war on the social control behavior of children and adolescents who survived the war in displacement camps in Erbil and to measure the differences between the average scores of children in displacement camps in Erbil on the social control behavior scale according to the variable of age stage (childhood, adolescence), and the variable of gender (males, females). The current research adopted the descriptive analytical method and applied the social control behavior scale. The sample included (216) male and female students. Among the most important results of the research: the level of social control behavior among children and adolescents who survived the war in the displacement camps in Erbil was low to the degree that reached ( 2.27), and there is no statistically significant difference between the average scores of children in displacement camps in Erbil on the social control behavior scale according to the gender variable (males, females), and there is a significant difference in the age stage variable in favour of adolescent students
Retrospective Clinical Evaluation of Platelet-Rich Plasma Application in Oral Surgery in Adults: A Comparative Study with a Control Group
No full textPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP), an autologous blood concentrate rich in platelets and growth factors, has gained popularity in oral surgery due to its potential to enhance healing and reduce post-operative complications. However, its efficacy remains debated due to variations in preparation and application protocols. This retrospective comparative clinical study aimed to evaluate the healing enhancement and safety of PRP in various oral surgical procedures, such as tooth extractions, sinus lifts, periapical surgeries, and cyst enucleations, compared to a control group treated without PRP. A total of 84 adult patients (mean age 42.9 years) were included: 42 received PRP (study group) and 42 underwent standard surgery without PRP (control group). Healing was evaluated clinically and radiographically based on soft tissue closure, post-operative pain (Visual Analog Scale), infection, and bone regeneration. By day 30, complete soft tissue healing was achieved in 94.1% of PRP-treated cases versus 76.4% in controls (P < 0.05). Mean pain score on day 10 was 2.1 in PRP versus 3.8 in control (P < 0.01). Radiographic bone density increased in 6 months by 28.5% in PRP-treated sites and 14.2% in controls (P < 0.01). Patient satisfaction was higher in the PRP group (8.4 vs. 7.1). PRP appears to significantly improve both soft tissue and bone healing in oral surgical procedures compared with standard care, with high patient satisfaction and a favorable safety profile. Further prospective controlled trials are recommended for standardized protocol validation
Estimation of HOMA-IR and Triglyceride-Glucose Index in Single Females with PCOS
No full textThis study aims to estimate insulin resistance (IR) in single females with polycystic ovarian syndrome. A cross-sectional study was designed to assess the insulin hormone, blood glucose level, IR biomarker, triglyceride-glucose index, serum high-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride. The present included 45 single female participants whom a specialist gynecologist had previously diagnosed. Statistically, Females following a healthy diet showed a non-significant decrease in homeostatic model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR) and a fasting glucose-to-insulin ratio when compared with non-dieters. Regarding the menstrual cycle, the triglyceride-glucose index (a measure of IR) was considerably higher in females with irregular menstrual cycles (P ≤ 0.05) than in those with regular cycles. A significant positive (direct) correlation was observed between HOMA-IR and the triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index among single females. This study indicated a strong positive correlation between HOMA-IR and the Triglyceride-Glucose Index among single female patients. In conclusion, a balanced diet is crucial for mitigating IR in this condition. Unusual menstruation was closely linked to poor metabolic profiles, such as increased IR and dyslipidemia
Improving the Quality of Translation Education in Iraq
No full textTranslation is considered a main field of language and human sciences today. The Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research has paid special attention to translation since the 20th century and this attention has expanded since 2003. On the other hand, AI has revolutionized all aspects of knowledge even though, it has been existed a long time ago. This study is concerned with the status of translation education at Iraqi universities. It focuses on updating the methodology of translation education at Iraqi universities by adopting the task-based approach in accordance with AI. The study also tries to emphasis the concept of learner-centered translation education classroom rather than teacher-centered one. It concludes that AI should be used as an essential part of translation education