1,721,007 research outputs found
Production of a bovine IL-12p40 probe and application using in situ hybridization on ruminant fixed tissues
No full textPro-inflammatory cytokines (particularly IL-12) are important for initiating protective T helper 1 (Th1)-type immune responses and hence vital for combating intracellular infections and tumours. In situ hybridization (ISH) provides a powerful diagnostic tool allowing the identification and localization of cells producing these mediators in fixed tissues. The objective of this work was to produce a bovine IL-12p40 probe that allows detection of IL-12p40 mRNA in fixed tissues from different ruminant species. The RNA probe sequence is 447 bp in length and from a region with high cross-species-sequence homology (>97.3% homology) to the ovine, cervine, caprine and bubaline IL-12p40 genes. ISH was carried out on paraformaldehyde fixed tissues collected from cattle, sheep and goats. The probe was efficient in identifying IL-12p40 expressing cells in fixed tissues from all these species. In conclusion, the IL-12p40 probe was efficient in identifying and localizing cells that express IL-12p40, and provides a good immuno-diagnostic technique to characterize immune responses in fixed tissues.EEA BalcarceFil: Canton, German Jose. Moredun Research Institute; Reino Unido. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Bartley, Paul M. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Bartley, Kathryn. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Todd, Helen. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Chianini, Francesca. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Katzer, Frank. Moredun Research Institute; Reino Unid
Characterization of CD79acy + cells in placentas from ruminants
No full textPrevious work carried out to characterise different immune cells in ruminant placentas found strong CD79αcynuclear labelling in cells histologically resembling trophoblast cells. In the attempt to characterize this cellpopulation, placentomes collected from cattle, sheep and water buffaloes were examined by im-munohistochemistry with single and double labelling using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against B lymphocytesand trophoblast cells. Most CD79αcy+ cells co-expressed placental lactogen or cytokeratin and were CD21 andMHC class II negative strongly suggesting they do not have a B cell origin. However, a potential immunologicalrole of these cells cannot be ruled out and it is currently unknown if thefindings desEEA BalcarceFil: Cantón, Germán José. Pentlands Science Park. Moredun Research Institute; Gran Bretaña. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Schock, Alex. Pentlands Science Park. Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) Lasswade; Gran BretañaFil: Melo de Sousa, Noelita. University of Liège. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Physiology of Reproduction; BélgicaFil: Beckers, Jeans Francois. University of Liège. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Physiology of Reproduction; BélgicaFil: Chianini, Francesca. Pentlands Science Park. Moredun Research Institute; Gran Bretañ
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
leucocyte subsets in lymphoid tissues from sheep experimentally inoculated with scrapie agent
No full textScrapie is a naturally occurring disease of domestic and wild sheep and goats.
Like other Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSE), scrapie is a chronic, invariably fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of the abnormal isoform of the host encoded prion protein (PrPsc).
The involvement of the immune system is not yet clearly defined in scrapie pathogenesis. Following the inoculation via the skin in mice, a functional immune system is critical for the neuroinvasion since PrPsc is earlier immunodetectable in lymphoid tissues than in the brain of infected animals and SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency) mice seem to be refractory to the infection.
Immunohistochemistry is the current gold standard diagnostic technique for scrapie detection and in the absence of definitive data on the nature of the infectious agent, PrPsc immunodetection constitutes one of the main methodologies for pathogenetic studies.
In our experimental model, 12 sheep have been subcutaneously inoculated in the drainage area of the prefemoral lymph node with scrapie infected brain homogenized. The lymph nodes of the contralateral side were used as controls. Two sheep were inoculated in the same area with scrapie-free brain homogenized. The animals were culled and divided into 4 groups according to the scoring value of immunolabelling with PrPsc antibody in lymph nodes.
Spleen and distal jejunal lymph node, as well as right and left inguinal, popliteal, submandibular, and retropharyngeal lymph nodes were collected at necropsy and fixed in zinc-salt.
Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies (86D for ã/ä TCR; 7C2 for CD8+cells; 17D for CD4+cells and SW73.2 for MHC class II-bearing cells) the distribution and number of lymphocytes subsets and MHC class II positive mononuclear cells have been investigated and compare
Histopathological analysis of placental lesions caused by Chlamydia abortus 1B vaccine strain in vaccinated ewes
No full textPoster. Publicado además en: Access Microbiology, 4 (5) (2022)Chlamydia abortus is one of the most diagnosed causes of infectious abortion in small ruminants. Infections can be controlled using the live, attenuated C. abortus strain 1B vaccine, which has been associated with infection and abortion in animals. This study aimed to compare the severity and the distribution of lesions caused by this vaccine strain (vt) with those resulting from a wild-type (wt) infection.EEA MercedesFil: Caspe, Sergio Gaston. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Caspe, Sergio Gaston. University of Edinburgh. Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies; Reino UnidoFil: Caspe, Sergio Gaston. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes; ArgentinaFil: Livingstone, Morag. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Wattegedera, Sean Ranjan. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Aitchison, Kevin. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Underwood, Clare. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Milne, Elspeth. University of Edinburgh. Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies; Reino UnidoFil: Sargison, Neil Donald. University of Edinburgh. Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies; Reino UnidoFil: Chianini, Francesca. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Palarea-Albaladejo, Javier. Biomathematics & Statistics Scotland; Reino UnidoFil: Longbottom, David. Moredun Research Institute; Reino Unid
Immunohistochemical characterisation of microscopic lesions in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome naturally affected conventional pigs
Full text linkImmunohistochemical characterization of the immune response in brain of lambs experimentally infected with Toxoplasma gondii
No full textToxoplasma gondii is cyst-forming intracellular coccidian parasite, diffused world-wide and able to infect virtually all warm-blooded animals, including humans. If the first contact with the parasite occurs during pregnancy, both sheep and women can develop serious reproductive consequences, such as abortion and congenital infection. Within immunocompetent intermediate hosts, Toxoplasma gondii is able to establish a chronic and life-long infection, especially in muscle and nervous tissues. The persistence of the parasite within infected tissues is ensured by the active balance between defensive mechanisms of the host immune system and the evasive strategies of the parasite. Here we employed several antibodies in order to investigate the activation status and the cytokine production of recruited inflammatory cells in experimentally induced ovine toxoplasmic encephalitis
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