9 research outputs found
Mothers Lived Experiences of Caesarean Section: A Qualitative Study among Mothers in Semi-Urban Areas of Bangladesh
No full textThe commercialisation of health services has led to an increasing rate of unnecessary caesarean deliveries in developing countries like Bangladesh. This rising rate of unnecessary caesarean section (CS) is a serious concern, and it is associated with numerous short and long-term complications in both maternal and child health. This study aimed to explore the CS mother's direct experiences with the immediate and long-term physical effects of CS. Twenty-two participants were selected from the Naya Bazar area, Sylhet City Corporation, which included mothers, fathers, traditional birth attendants and community health care providers. A qualitative research approach was adopted, and in-depth interviews and key informant interviews were conducted to focus on the experiences of caesarean mothers. The interviews were conducted face-to-face and analysed thematically. Various short and long-term physical risks were found following CSs. Four important physical consequence themes emerged from the analysis: Medicinal and breastfeeding difficulties, pain and wound complexity, urinary incontinence, and experiences following a CS. Some of the immediate consequences of the post-caesarean period impacted the mother’s ability to care for their child and the lack of mobility. Short and long-term consequences and physical pain impacted them over a long period. Unnecessary CSs can have short and long-term complications that need to be addressed. It is crucial to raise awareness about the potential consequences of CS for both the mother and the child, which would contribute to Sustainable Development Goals 3 (SDGs 3), ensuring well-being amongst the mother and the child
СРЕДСТВА СОЗДАНИЯ КОМИЧЕСКОГО В САТИРИЧЕСКИХ ЖУРНАЛАХ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЖУРНАЛА "ЧАЯН" ЗА 2018 ГОД)
No full textВ данной статье автор рассказывает о средствах создания комического в сатирическом татарском журнале Чаян". Автор поднимает проблему неизученности данного журнала, даже если журнал является ведущим сатирическим изданием Татарстана. Автор анализирует разные жанры, часто используемые на страницах издания и приходит к выводу, что даже через юмор можно показать ту или иную проблему общественности.In this article, the author talks about the means of creating a comic in the satirical Tatar magazine Chayan". The author raises the problem of the lack of research of this magazine, even if the magazine is the leading satirical publication of Tatarstan. The author analyzes the different genres often used on the pages of the publication and comes to the conclusion that even through humor, you can show a particular problem to the public.119-12
ReNEW: A Practical Module for Reliable Routing in Networks of Energy-Harvesting Wireless Sensors
No full textIt is a huge challenge to run IoT devices/sensors powered solely through ambient harvested energy. Since the harvested energy is less and is stochastic in nature, it is extremely challenging to achieve low latency and high reliability. To this end, we propose a distributed, energy-management module called ReNEW, using Constructive Interference (CI) to achieve our target of increased reliability, especially in the low harvesting regimes. We choose CI-based protocols to leverage low latency guarantees. Specifically, we propose a Markov-Decision model to maximize the energy utility in the infinite horizon by allocating energy optimally using a threshold-optimal policy. Since an energy scheduler is insufficient we propose distributed techniques to conserve energy on redundant nodes in the network, and dynamically activate them based on feedback. We implement ReNEW on Indriya and FlockLab testbeds for real-world scenarios in a network of 20 source nodes out of the 30 nodes. ReNEW collects data periodically with 2.5 times higher packet reception compared to LWB when the harvested energy is as low as 50μ J/s for 100B packets every 30s with a saving of 25% higher residual energy. In a nutshell, by integrating ReNEW with CI based protocols, we enable guaranteed latency and increased reliability in battery-less devices/networks.Accepted author manuscriptEmbedded System
FLeet: When time-bounded communication meets high energy-efficiency
No full textWith the advent of low-cost, embedded sensor-actuator devices, the applications of cyber-physical systems have spread multi-fold in domains like infrastructure, manufacturing, automation, etc. Wireless sensor-actuator networks (WSANs) act as the backbone for applications in these domains. Typical WSAN deployments focus on energy-efficiency (in-turn lifetime) as replacing batteries is labor intensive and expensive. However, many CPS applications require highly-reliable data delivery with strict time bounds. Unfortunately, the classical approach of scheduling/prioritizing flows for bounded time communication is hard to implement with energy-constrained embedded devices. In this work, we present FLEET, a communication primitive that guarantees timely data delivery with 1) low latency by scheduling a maximum number of end-to-end flows within a short time span; 2) highly energy-efficient networking; and 3) reliable data delivery. Using a smart parallelization technique, FLEET achieves simultaneous transmissions while guaranteeing data delivery. This reduces the average duty-cycle of the nodes and makes it more energy-efficient than many state-of-the-art protocols. By combining multiple routing strategies, FLEET not only simplifies the schedulability problem but also accommodates more flows within a time span reducing delay considerably. Overall, with respect to the state of the art, FLEET offers a delay and duty cycling reduction by 2.2 and 2.8 times, respectively.Embedded System
An Energy-Harvesting Facade Optimization System for Built Environments
No full textDaylighting is the immediate exploitation of solar energy in the form of nat-ural lighting and plays an integral role in minimizing the energy footprintof a building. Smart daylighting enables us to design buildings that providecomfort and energy savings.This work proposes a dynamic facade system for buildings which aims tomaximize user comfort while simultaneously maximizing energy savings byharvesting solar energy optimally. The solar panels on the facade can har-vest the highest amount of energy when it is positioned perpendicular to thesuns rays. However, this may result in unsatisfactory lighting conditions in-side the room and the problem is approached as a bi-objective optimizationproblem. This work is a preliminary exploration of the concept of smartskins for buildings that autonomously regulates light while harvesting solarenergy, contributing to the creation of the future of sustainable buildings.The primary focus of this research work revolves around building a con-ceptual model, formulating an optimization problem, developing a controlalgorithm, iFOS, and then evaluating it. Data was simulated using advancedsimulations to evaluate the dynamics of light indoors.Two benchmarks were created to evaluate the algorithm against, one wherethe system works towards maximizing user comfort indoors, and the other,where the system works to maximize the energy harvested by the facade.Upto 8% increase in the energy harvested was achieved with minimal loss inuser comfort in the use case evaluated. The average energy figure for TheNetherlands in the summer months is about 5 kWh/m2/day, which makesthe total energy that can be captured at 20% efficiency to be about 750kWh per day. The algorithm is found to work the best when the desiredlight level to be maintained indoors lies in the range [400,600] lux
HYDROGEN BOND MEDIATED VIBRONIC MODE MIXING AND ELECTRONIC ENERGY TRANSFER IN BENZOIC ACID DIMERS
No full textAuthor Institution: Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology KanpurFluorescence excitation, hole burning and dispersed fluorescence spectra for SVL excitations of the pure and mixed dimers of benzoic acid and 3-fluorobenzoic acid are measured in a supersonic jet expansion. The spectral analysis reveals that the vibronic modes of benzoic acid are extensively mixed with the low-frequency intermolecular modes of the dihydrogen bonded interface, and the mixing is sensitive to the position of the fluorine substitution at the aromatic ring and overall symmetry of the conformers. In case of the mixed dimer, three electronic origin bands are identified corresponding to excitations of the benzoic acid and two conformers of 3-fluorobenzoic acid moieties, and the former is about 700 wavenumbers higher in energy that the latter two. Partial transfer of electronic energy is observed when the electronic origin of the benzoic acid moiety is excited state, and this occurs even there is no visible overlap between the emission spectrum of the donor and absorption spectra of the acceptor moieties. The spectra of different dimeric species will be presented and the role of hydrogen bonds in energy transfer process will be discussed
The management of irregular migration in Thailand: Thainess, identity and citizenship
No full textThis PhD analyses and investigates, from a historical perspective, the way in which Thailand has dealt with different groups of migrant populations, and how this
reflects the current dichotomy between legal and illegal migrants in contemporary Thai policies regarding irregular migration management. It is argued that these policies reflect notions of `Thainess, ' citizenship, race and ethnicity, the question of identities and issues related to inclusion/exclusion of the migration populations
within the structure of Thai society. This thesis also examines how Thailand's policies in irregular migration management reflect the economic and political interests of the government and employers.
This thesis also focuses on the recent Greater Mekong subregional economic cooperation and integration policies, by investigating how these policies will resolve
or intensify the problems concerning the management of migrant workers, as well as other problems relating to human rights violations, and various forms of
discrimination towards the migrant population in Thailand.
The concept and construction of `Thainess' is critically analysed with the purpose of throwing light on the changes in migration management policies, and the related
regulations and practices. This analysis enables us to examine and capture how the dynamism and fluidity of `Thainess' varies through time, locality and economic
status. It also explores how notions of Thai identity influence the ways in which policies on immigration and citizenship are constructed
Genetic determinants of SARS‐CoV‐2 and the clinical outcome of COVID‐19 in Southern Bangladesh
No full textAbstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has had a severe impact on population health. The genetic determinants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in southern Bangladesh are not well understood. Methods This study aimed to determine the genomic variation in SARS‐CoV‐2 genomes that have evolved over 2 years of the pandemic in southern Bangladesh and their association with disease outcomes and virulence of this virus. We investigated demographic variables, disease outcomes of COVID‐19 patients and genomic features of SARS‐CoV‐2. Results We observed that the disease severity was significantly higher in adults (85.3%) than in children (14.7%), because the expression of angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐2 (ACE‐2) diminishes with ageing that causes differences in innate and adaptive immunity. The clade GK (n = 66) was remarkable between June 2021 and January 2022. Because of the mutation burden, another clade, GRA started a newly separated clustering in December 2021. The burden was significantly higher in GRA (1.5‐fold) highlighted in mild symptoms of COVID‐19 patients than in other clades (GH, GK, and GR). Mutations were accumulated mainly in S (22.15 mutations per segment) and ORF1ab segments. Missense (67.5%) and synonymous (18.31%) mutations were highly noticed in adult patients with mild cases rather than severe cases, especially in ORF1ab segments. Moreover, we observed many unique mutations in S protein in mild cases compared to severe, and homology modeling revealed that those might cause more folding in the protein's alpha helix and beta sheets. Conclusion Our study identifies some risk factors such as age comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, and renal disease) that are associated with severe COVID‐19, providing valuable insight regarding prioritizing vaccination for high‐risk individuals and allocating health care and resources. The findings of this work outlined the knowledge and mutational basis of SARS‐CoV‐2 for the next treatment steps. Further studies are needed to confirm the effects of structural and functional proteins of SARS‐CoV‐2 in detail for monitoring the emergence of new variants in future
Search for intermediate-mass black hole binaries in the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo
No full textInternational audienceIntermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) span the approximate mass range 100−105 M⊙, between black holes (BHs) that formed by stellar collapse and the supermassive BHs at the centers of galaxies. Mergers of IMBH binaries are the most energetic gravitational-wave sources accessible by the terrestrial detector network. Searches of the first two observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo did not yield any significant IMBH binary signals. In the third observing run (O3), the increased network sensitivity enabled the detection of GW190521, a signal consistent with a binary merger of mass ∼150 M⊙ providing direct evidence of IMBH formation. Here, we report on a dedicated search of O3 data for further IMBH binary mergers, combining both modeled (matched filter) and model-independent search methods. We find some marginal candidates, but none are sufficiently significant to indicate detection of further IMBH mergers. We quantify the sensitivity of the individual search methods and of the combined search using a suite of IMBH binary signals obtained via numerical relativity, including the effects of spins misaligned with the binary orbital axis, and present the resulting upper limits on astrophysical merger rates. Our most stringent limit is for equal mass and aligned spin BH binary of total mass 200 M⊙ and effective aligned spin 0.8 at 0.056 Gpc−3 yr−1 (90% confidence), a factor of 3.5 more constraining than previous LIGO-Virgo limits. We also update the estimated rate of mergers similar to GW190521 to 0.08 Gpc−3 yr−1.Key words: gravitational waves / stars: black holes / black hole physicsCorresponding author: W. Del Pozzo, e-mail: [email protected]† Deceased, August 2020
