116 research outputs found
Fault-Diagnosis of Grid Structures
No full textTheprobl] offaul diagnosis in grid-connected systems is considered. A diagnosisalnosisFI caln DAGS and based on the PMCmodel is presented. DAGS provides a diagnosis which is shown to be correct, alrect, possibl incomplB[I if thecardinalq; of theactual faul set isbelB a bound T # , dependent of theactual syndrome #. A bound T independent of # is alF derived by a worst-caseanalt-c covering the cases oftriangul;; square,hexagonal and octagonal grids. T is shown to be #(n ), where n is the size of the system, for al the grids considered. c 2002El2FB#I Science B.V.Al rights reserved. Keywords: FauleDFBVU#IFqV Faul diagnosis;System-l;FV diagnosis;Paralos architectures 1. I363S-222 Faul diagnosis is of primary importance to provide highdependabilBk incomplE systems. It aims at identifying the(faul] ornon-faulB] state of the units composing a system. Upon identi#cation,fault units may be eitherreplrF; orisolEIB from the rest of the system, andfaul recovery or recon#guration techniques may be used to restore a coherent state,alte,FB the system to resume operation,possibl with reduced performance (graceful degradation). System-l-T( diagnosis was introduced by Preparata et al [14] and has beendeepl investigated in lBI#]VFqBE It aims at diagnosing systems composed by units(usualE processors), with the requirement that they are abl to test each other by exchanging information through point-to-pointbi-directional li-di A system is represented by the system graph G=(N; L), an undirected graph where node set N represents units and # Corresponding author. Instituto diElB;;BFq;E] del;;BFq;E]BFl; del CNR, Via S. Maria 46, 56126, Pisa,ItalB E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Chessa). 0304-3975/02/$ - see front matter c 2002El2FVVU Science B.V.Al rights reserved. PII: S0304-3975(..
Unsupervised human process discovery in smart homes
No full textThe advances in the Internet of Things (IoT) have enabled the automation of various tasks like switching on the heating at home from work, seeing who is at your front door from the couch, supporting nurses in elderly homes, or the efficient delivery of packages. By enabling the connection between the physical and digital worlds, the IoT has shown how environments can be augmented with technology to enhance their capabilities, making them more intelligent, responsive, and adaptive. This widespread adoption of embedded systems turned pervasive (or ubiquitous) computing into reality: while sensors gather real-time data about the environment, actuators are used to automate the execution of many tasks that help the users of such environments. These environments, referred to as smart environments or smart spaces, represent an emerging class of IoT-based applications and are centered on their human users. Among smart spaces, smart homes and offices are representative examples. The goal is to enhance the quality of life, improve productivity, and provide personalized services by understanding and responding to the needs and preferences of the users, realizing the paradigm known as Ambient Intelligence (AmI). The literature presents various definitions of AmI systems and a set of distinct features that characterize them: sensitivity, responsiveness, adaptivity, ubiquity, and transparency. Sensitivity pertains to the AmI system's ability to perceive and comprehend the surrounding environment and its interaction context. Responsiveness and adaptivity, closely tied to sensitivity, indicate the system's capacity to promptly react, either proactively or reactively, to changes in the context in accordance with user preferences. Collectively, sensitivity, responsiveness, and adaptivity contribute to the overarching concept of context awareness. Lastly, the terms ubiquity and transparency directly relate to the idea of pervasive computing. Smart environments process and analyze the data collected from sensors to extract meaningful information. In this context, AmI is realized by utilizing techniques such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, and human-computer interaction (HCI). The rich data automatically collected via IoT sensors in smart spaces is used to get insights about the human behavior of the user (e.g., sleep tracking) or to perform automated actions for the user (e.g., automatically opening the blinds). For instance, current applications of human behavior monitoring in smart spaces include smart thermostats (e.g., Google Nest Learning Thermostat) and ambient assisted living (e.g., elderly fall detection systems). Modeling human activities and habits is not a simple task, due to the flexible and unstructured nature of human behavior. Recently, although it is still difficult to represent them following a precise flow of tasks, approaches have been proposed that model human habits as workflows. In particular, the research community and manufacturers have shown a great interest in applying process mining (PM) to smart spaces. Process mining is a fairly recent research discipline that combines data mining techniques with techniques used in Business Process Management (BPM), such as process modeling and process analysis. Process mining aims to extract, monitor, and improve processes based on real-world data. In particular, process discovery is a process mining technique used to discover and generate the process model describing the underlying behavior shown in the event log. The mined process model can be visualized in different forms, such as Petri nets, process flowcharts, or BPMN diagrams. Visualization helps to understand the structure and dynamics of processes within the smart space. However, even though process models could be extracted from smart space data, multiple important challenges arose. This thesis presents an overview of how some of the aforementioned research challenges are handled and to what degree they are addressed by the author
Perspectivas de género en la traducción de la obra de las mujeres poetas de las Vanguardias españolas
No full textThe main aim of this research is to provide an analysis of the Italian translation of the poetry of a group of female authors of the Spanish Avant-garde movements, combining the theory of poetic translation with gender studies in translation. The translated poems that I analyze in this thesis are my own translations of some of Concha Méndez's, Ernestina de Champourcin's, Josefina de la Torre's, Rosa Chacel's, Cristina de Arteaga's and Lucía Sánchez Saornil’s works.The stated goal is to find a middle way between the radical strategies outlined by the Canadian feminist movement during the Eighties (cf. Diaz- Diocaretz 1985, Chamberlain 1988, 1998 , 1990 Godard, de Lotbiniere-Harwood 1991, Von Flotow 1991,1997, Simons 1996), and the translation techniques that are required to recreate the features of a poem without betraying the style and the aesthetics of the author (cf. Holmes 1969, 1978, Lefevere techniques 1975, Popovic 1976 Beaugrande 1978, Etkind 1982, Raffel 1988). My translation practice demonstrates that in order to translatein the feminineit is necessary to take a step further and introduce other important features that contribute to distinguish female discourse. Moreover, I will analyse the perspectives opened by the great feminist challenge in translation, and on the role of literature and translation in the rise of a new sensitivity in the female question
Effect of Penetration Enhancer Containing Vesicles on the Percutaneous Delivery of Quercetin through New Born Pig Skin
No full textQuercetin (3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) exerts multiple pharmacological effects: anti-oxidant activity, induction of apoptosis, modulation of cell cycle, anti-mutagenesis, and anti-inflammatory effect. In topical formulations quercetin inhibits oxidative skin damage and the inflammatory processes induced by solar UV radiation. In this work, quercetin (2 mg/mL) was loaded in vesicular Penetration Enhancer containing Vesicles (PEVs), prepared using a mixture of lipids (Phospholipon® 50, P50) and one of four selected hydrophilic penetration enhancers: Transcutol® P, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 400, and Labrasol® at the same concentration (40% of water phase). Photon Correlation Spectroscopy results showed a mean diameter of drug loaded vesicles in the range 80–220 nm. All formulations showed a negative surface charge and incorporation efficiency in the range 48–75%. Transmission Electron Microscopy confirmed that size and morphology varied as a function of the used penetration enhancer. The influence of PEVs on ex vivo quercetin (trans)dermal delivery was evaluated using Franz-type diffusion cells, new born pig skin and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy. Results showed that drug delivery is affected by the penetration enhancer used in the PEVs' formulation
Nuove mutazioni del gene SETX in pazienti affetti da atassia con Aprassia Oculomotoria di tipo 2 (AOA2)
No full textL’Atassia con Aprassia oculomotoria di tipo 2 (AOA2) (MIM# 606002) è una patologia autosomica recessiva compresa nel sottogruppo delle ARCAs (atassie cerebellari autosomiche recessive) associate ad aprassia oculomotoria (AOA). Questo sottogruppo di ARCAsw oltre all’AOA2 include: l’Atassia Telangiectasia (AT), l’Atassia Telangiectasia Like Disorder (ATLD) e l’Atassia con Aprassia Oculomotoria di tipo 1 (AOA1). I fenotipi clinici mostrano molte similarità e i geni causativi, rispettivamente SETX, ATM, Mre11, APTX, sono tutti implicati nella riparazione delle rotture del DNA. La neurodegenerazione, come in molte altre malattie da difetto di riparazione, è il segno clinico principale. L’AOA2 ha un’età d’insorgenza tra 10 e 22 anni ed è caratterizzata da atassia cerebellare progressiva, neuropatia sensomotoria periferica, aprassia oculomotoria, strabismo, corea e/o distonia. Gli esami di laboratorio rivelano elevati livelli serici di alfa-fetoproteina e creatin chinasi. Lo studio di un'ampia famiglia pachistana ha permesso di localizzare il gene SETX, mutato nell’AOA2, sul cromosoma 9 in posizione q34. SETX codifica per la senatassina, una proteina di 2677 aa contenente nella porzione C-terminale un domino tipico della superfamiglia I e II delle DNA/RNA elicasi. La presenza del dominio elicasico all’interno della senatassina suggerisce un suo coinvolgimento nel processamento degli acidi nucleici e nella stabilità telomerica. Mutazioni nel gene SETX sono state associate oltre che all’AOA2 anche ad una forma dominante di Sclerosi Laterale Amiotrofica (ALS4), alla Sindrome atassica con tremore ed alla Atassia con neuropatia. In questo studio è stata effettuata la caratterizzazione clinica e molecolare di due famiglie turche e di una famiglia italiana con AOA2. L’analisi molecolare ha permesso l’identificazione di tre nuove mutazioni. I due probandi di origine turca sono risultati omozigoti rispettivamente per le mutazioni c.1971delG (p.L657fs) e c.3431insC (p.P1144fs); il paziente di origine italiana è risultato eterozigote composto per la nuova mutazione c.7625_7625delG (p.L2542fs) e per la c.7240C>T (p.R2414X) già descritta in omozigosi in un paziente francese
Revealing the history of sheep domestication using retrovirus integrations
No full textThe domestication of livestock represented a crucial step in human history. By using endogenous retroviruses as genetic markers, we found that sheep differentiated on the basis of their "retrotype" and morphological traits dispersed across Eurasia and Africa via separate migratory episodes. Relicts of the first migrations include the Mouflon, as well as breeds previously recognized as "primitive" on the basis of their morphology, such as the Orkney, Soay, and the Nordic short-tailed sheep now confined to the periphery of northwest Europe. A later migratory episode, involving sheep with improved production traits, shaped the great majority of present-day breeds. The ability to differentiate genetically primitive sheep from more modern breeds provides valuable insights into the history of sheep domestication
Going Beyond Google Translate?
No full textCiclo 2012 di seminari interni CRS4, Number 20120229.We motivate and describe the design and implementation of a web-based system for the alignment of parallel texts. It builds on the interactive color-highlight interface now deployed at Google Translate. By a series of simple point and click operations translators can mark up equivalent text-ranges in their own translation and in the original. When successful, the visual cues created by this activity should benefit the understanding of readers of limited degrees of bilingualism -- and may also capture aspects of semantic context not readily available to algorithmic statistical machine translation. We provide a working demonstration that treats poetic texts.Statistical machine translation (SMT) delivers texts unacceptable for literary or academic purposes since generally, it cannot assimilate adequate context: Yet how might one ever articulate such context? Here rather than taking a theoretical perspective we adopt an spatio-visual approach made possible by recent advances in the electronic presentation of multilingual texts:– we allow the translator supply the colour higlights... But how? Semantic units don't respect lexical boundaries and they occur at different scales. Any translator, committed to provide a definitive version of a text, eventually arrives at irreversible order of words – and may actually wish to justify their choices by documenting the correspondence between their version and the original. We focus on verse – an extreme challenge for SMT – with the eventual aim of expressing elusive aspects of semantic communication in order to differentiate those that can be articulated via spatio-visual cues. In verse a deviation from a literal correspondence is essential to reestablish in the translation a "decorum" appropriate to the original so that readers are encouraged to achieve an equivalent respect for its author also from the translated works. We use jQuery to provide an interface that lets the human translator mark up what they consider a correct alignment between words, or groups of words, in the original and their own translation – with a view to articulating context that may not be readily available to SMT. We detail below how the interface runs off a web-page and allows the alignment of equivalent ranges in parallel texts via a simple point-and-click action. Alignments created by the user are instantaneously made visible using a variant of the interactive color-highlight system mentioned above. Key to reducing the complexity of the implementation of the interface is our systematic deployment of open-standard, non-proprietary, web technologies.2011-09-15AlgheroCHItaly2011, 13-16 settembre 2011, Algher
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