215 research outputs found
SIMOVA : Sistema mòbil de validació
No full textEl transport públic es un dels eixos més importants de la societat, i la seva digitalització a l'Area Metropolitana de Barcelona es més lenta del que s'habia previst. Desde 2014 Sóc Mobilitat està desenvolupant un sistema de validació sense contacte centralitzat que hauria d'estar en proves al 2015 i funcionant en 2016. Després de 8 anys d'enrederiment, a finals de 2021 ha començat una prova pilot on poc a poc van incorporant funcionalitats. Aquest Treball de Fi de Grau proposa la creació de SIMOVA, un sistema mòbil de validació per realitzar les validacions, compres, consultes i recàrregues de viatjes, mitjançant una pàgina web, i utilitzar una tarjeta sense contacte para viatjar, facilitant la vida als ciutadans.Public transport is one of the most important axes of society and its digitalization in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona is slower than expected. Since 2014 the Sóc Mobilitat UTE has been developing a centralized contactless validation system that, in 2015 was meant to start the testing process, for it to be operational in 2016. After a long delay, in 2021, started the testing the functionalities gradually in phases. This TFG proposes to develop a system (Client-Server) to perform validations, purchases, queries and recharges to public transport through a website, and use a contactless card to travel, making life easier for citizens and digitalization something everyday.El transporte público es uno de los ejes más importantes de la sociedad, y su digitalización en el Área Metropolitana de Barcelona es más lenta de lo que se había previsto. Desde 2014 Sóc Mobilitat está desarrollando un sistema de validación sin contacto centralizado que debería estar en pruebas desde el 2015 y funcionando en 2016. Después de 8 años de retrasos, a finales 2021 comenzó una prueba piloto dónde poco a poco van incorporando funcionalidades. Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado propone la creación de SIMOVA, un sistema móvil de validación para realizar las validaciones, compras, consultas y recargas de viajes, mediante una página web, y utilizar una tarjeta sin contacto para viajar, facilitando la vida a los ciudadanos
Modeling and Control of Flapping Wing Micro Aerial Vehicles
No full textabstract: Interest in Micro Aerial Vehicle (MAV) research has surged over the past decade. MAVs offer new capabilities for intelligence gathering, reconnaissance, site mapping, communications, search and rescue, etc. This thesis discusses key modeling and control aspects of flapping wing MAVs in hover. A three degree of freedom nonlinear model is used to describe the flapping wing vehicle. Averaging theory is used to obtain a nonlinear average model. The equilibrium of this model is then analyzed. A linear model is then obtained to describe the vehicle near hover. LQR is used to as the main control system design methodology. It is used, together with a nonlinear parameter optimization algorithm, to design a family multivariable control system for the MAV. Critical performance trade-offs are illuminated. Properties at both the plant output and input are examined. Very specific rules of thumb are given for control system design. The conservatism of the rules are also discussed. Issues addressed include
What should the control system bandwidth be vis--vis the flapping frequency (so that averaging the nonlinear system is valid)?
When is first order averaging sufficient? When is higher order averaging necessary?
When can wing mass be neglected and when does wing mass become critical to model?
This includes how and when the rules given can be tightened; i.e. made less conservative.Dissertation/ThesisMasters Thesis Mechanical Engineering 201
Retrieval of Wind and Total Surface Current Vectors Using Experimental Bidirectional Along-Track Interferometric TanDEM-X Data
No full textObservations of wind and ocean surface velocity vectors by along-track interferometry (ATI) with the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) are not only important for direct applications but also to increase understandings of ocean upper layer mixing, air-ocean interactions, and mapping submesoscale (1-10 km) structures. An experimental bidirectional (BiDi) ATI acquisition mode of TanDEM-X observes with two squinted beams separated by an angle of approximately 13.2° in azimuth on the ground. The baseline is very short, and the along-track interferometric phase (ATI phase) of the ocean surface in the line-of-sight direction of the beams can be interpreted as a total Doppler velocity. The 2-D Doppler velocity field will thus include wind-wave detected motions. In this article, Doppler velocity fields acquired from this experimental acquisition mode are presented. The sequential retrieval of wind vector and total surface current vectors (TSCV) is demonstrated on the BiDi TanDEM-X data. The retrieval algorithm builds on existing geophysical model functions (GMFs) of normalized radar cross section (NRCS) and Doppler velocity. XMOD2 and a GMF based on the Elfouhaily ocean wave spectrum coupled with a Kirchhoff approximation (EOWS&KA) are used. The retrieved wind fields are generally consistent with the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA-5. While the ATI phase errors are small, the retrieved TSCV field looks promising. Acquisitions were located at sea over the tip of the Novaya Zemlya in Russia and over an area near Tromso, Norway. Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Mathematical Geodesy and Positionin
Biofouling potential indicators to assess pretreatment and mitigate biofouling in SWRO membranes: A short review
No full textMany desalination plants still struggle to control biological fouling in seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) systems as there are no standard methods to monitor this type of fouling. Strategies to control biofouling in SWRO systems have been proposed such as antifouling coating and lowering biofouling potential in SWRO feedwater through pretreatment processes. Measuring biofouling potential in the pretreatment and SWRO feedwater has gained increased interest due to its direct link to biofouling. Moreover, this approach can be used as an early warning system allowing for taking corrective actions in the pretreatment processes to meet the required SWRO feedwater quality. This article presents the biofouling potential methods/tools developed for seawater, their applications to monitor and assess raw seawater, SWRO pretreatment and SWRO feedwater, and how these methods are employed to control SWRO biofouling membrane systems. The reported removal efficiency of biofouling potential during SWRO pretreatment processes was found to be low to moderate. Threshold values for biofouling limitation were then proposed based on several lab and plant studies. Research on biofouling potential has provided insight into SWRO pretreatment performance optimisation and biofouling control. Future research is anticipated to determine better pretreatment processes and to identify robust threshold values for mitigating biofouling in SWRO membranes.Sanitary Engineerin
MEO SAR: System Concepts and Analysis
No full textExisting microwave remote sensing instruments used for Earth observation face a clear tradeoff between spatial resolution and revisit times at global scales. The typical imaging capabilities of current systems range from daily observations at kilometer-scale resolutions provided by scatterometers to meter-scale resolutions at lower temporal rates (more than ten days) typical of synthetic aperture radars (SARs). A natural way to fill the gap between these two extremes is to use medium-Earth-orbit SAR (MEO-SAR) systems. MEO satellites are deployed at altitudes above the region of low Earth orbits (LEOs), ending at around 2000 km and below the geosynchronous orbits (GEOs) near 35 786 km. MEO SAR shows a clear potential to provide advantages in terms of spatial coverage, downlink visibility, and global temporal revisit times, e.g., providing moderate resolution images (some tens of meters) at daily rates. This article discusses the design tradeoffs of MEO SAR, including sensitivity and orbit selection. The use of these higher orbits opens the door to global coverage in one- to two-day revisit or continental/oceanic coverage with multidaily observations, making MEO SAR very attractive for future scientific missions with specific interferometric and polarimetric capabilities.Mathematical Geodesy and Positionin
Performance of 3-D Surface Deformation Estimation for Simultaneous Squinted SAR Acquisitions
No full textThis paper addresses the performance in the retrieval of 3-D mean deformation maps by exploiting simultaneous or quasi-simultaneous squinted synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometric acquisitions in a repeat-pass scenario. In multi-satellite or multi-beam low Earth observation (LEO) missions the availability of two (or more) lines of sight allows the simultaneous acquisition of SAR images with different squint angles, hence improving the sensitivity to the north-south component of the deformation. Due to the simultaneity of the acquisitions, the troposphere will be highly correlated and, therefore, will tend to cancel out when performing the differential measurement between the interferograms obtained with the different lines of sight, hence resulting in a practically troposphere-free estimation of the along-track deformation measurement. In practice, though, the atmospheric noise in the differential measurement will increase for increasing angular separations. The present contribution expounds the mathematical framework to derive the performance by properly considering the correlation of the atmospheric delays between the simultaneous acquisitions. To that aim, the hybrid Cramér-Rao bound is exploited making use of the autocorrelation function of the troposphere. Some performance examples are presented in the frame of future spaceborne SAR missions at C- and L-band
Inactivated Rothia nasimurium promotes a persistent antiviral immune status in porcine alveolar macrophages
No full textGlobalization has increased the incidence of infectious diseases in livestock, further aggravated by the reduction of antibiotic usage. To minimize the resulting economic consequences to the meat production industry, as well as the risk of zoonotic events, the use of immunostimulants has emerged as a potential strategy to enhance animal resilience to diseases. In particular, the capability of bacterial-based immunostimulants to modulate innate immune cells functionality makes them cost-effective candidates as vaccine adjuvants, antimicrobials, or preventive immunostimulators inducing long-term innate immune memory in livestock. However, further research is required to identify novel bacterial strains with immunostimulatory properties. Here we characterized in vitro the immunostimulatory properties of Rothia nasimurium isolated from warthog fecal microbiota. Stimulation with heat-inactivated Rothia induced cytokine production by porcine immune cells, and a robust innate immune transcriptomic signature in porcine alveolar macrophages. Interestingly, the bacteria induced inflammasome activation and IL-1β production, thus confirming its pro-inflammatory properties, and suggesting its potential as vaccine adjuvant. Importantly, this immunostimulatory status functionally resulted in an antimicrobial state, enhancing the phagocytic capability of alveolar macrophages, and hampering the replication levels of two major porcine viral pathogens: the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and the African swine fever virus (ASFV). Moreover, macrophages showed an enhanced cytokine response upon ASFV infection several days after heat-inactivated Rothia stimulation, suggesting the induction of an innate immune memory phenotype. This nonspecific response resulted in a significant reduction of ASFV replication kinetics, demonstrating the capacity of the bacteria to induce a more resistant state in macrophages against a virus infection. Altogether, these results demonstrate the immunostimulatory capability of heat-inactivated R. nasimurium in porcine macrophages, showing potential to enhance animal resilience to diseases through the modulation of innate immune cells responsiveness to infections.The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research and/or publication of this article. This work is part of the projects PDC2021-120987-I00 (FR) and PID2022-136312OB-I00 (FR&JA), both funded by the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE. YZ is supported by a fellowship from the China Scholarship Council Visiting Scholar Program (202305960008). Institutional support to CNAG was provided by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and by the Generalitat de Catalunya through the Departament de Salut and the Departament de Recerca i Universitats. KK is supported by funding from the Spanish Ministry of Research and Innovation (RYC2021-033035-I/AEI/10.13039/501100011033).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Author Correction: Comprehensive analysis of chromothripsis in 2,658 human cancers using whole-genome sequencing
No full textauthor correctio
Bistatic SAR image formation and interferometric processing or the STEREOID Earth Explorer 10 candidate mission
No full textThis paper addresses the aspects of image formation and interferometric processing in the frame of the STEREOID Earth Explorer 10 candidate mission. In particular, the large along-track baseline configuration (approx. 250 km), which results in a high Doppler centroid, will be addressed in terms of bistatic SAR image formation and interferometric processing. The proposed focusing algorithm is validated with point-target simulations, while the interferometric investigations are performed using raw data generated with a bistatic end-to-end simulator
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