1,721,084 research outputs found
Verrucous squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations
No full textThe clinical findings, histopathology, management and outcome of 31 patients with verrucous squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx (VSCC) are discussed. Laryngeal VSCC is a rare, highly differentiated variant of SCC and has specific morphological features and clinical behavior. A close liaison between the laryngologist and pathologist is needed to formulate a correct diagnosis, because this tumor appears to be malignant clinically and histologically benign. A low-power magnification of multiple large specimens, including the deep margins of the lesion, is required in order to differentiate VSCC from keratosis, verruca vulgaris or SCC with verrucous appearance, and to detect underlying microscopic foci of invasive SCC within or adjacent to a verrucous carcinoma. Long-lasting hoarseness was the most common symptom as the glottic region was the most common site of VSCC. Presumed clinically positive N1 lymph nodes were observed in the necks of 7 patients, but none had metastatic disease on histopathological study. Surgery alone was the most effective form of treatment, as it allowed a good outcome of all treated patients. Surgery plus radiotherapy was associated with an early recurrence and a poor outcome in 2 of 7 patients treated. The generally 'benign' behavior of VSCC allows for conservative surgery, with complete endoscopic resection using the carbon dioxide laser representing a more conservative surgical approach. Neck dissection is not indicated due to the non-metastatic behavior of this tumor
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The protective role of tiopronin in cisplatin ototoxicity in Wistar rats
No full textThe purpose of this study was to evaluate cisplatin-induced ototoxicity and the protective effects of tiopronin. Twenty-four adult Wistar rats served as subjects and were divided into three groups. Eight rats receiving only saline (group A) were used as controls. Eight rats received cisplatin (2 mg/kg) injections (group B) and eight rats received cisplatin and tiopronin (300 mg/kg) (group C) for 8 consecutive days. Both ears of all animals were tested by DPOAE before treatment and on the 4th and 9th days. Seventy-two hours after the final recording session, all animals were killed, and the left cochleas were prepared for electron microscopy and analysed. DPOAE responses were significantly reduced in group B compared to controls (p < 0.05). When tiopronin was added, DPOAE responses were significantly increased compared to those obtained with the administration of cisplatin alone (p < 0.05). The cochleogram showed that tiopronin had a significant protective effect in the basal half and in the lower half of the middle turn. We conclude that tiopronin, a drug effective in protecting against cisplatin nephrotoxicity, is also effective in protecting against cisplatin ototoxicity
Multistep laryngeal carcinogenesis helps our understanding of the field cancerisation phenomenon: A review
No full textIn this paper, we try to briefly review the most recent knowledge on head and neck cancer, and especially multistep laryngeal carcinogenesis, and to simply explain how this has modified our understanding of field cancerisation phenomenon. Experimental studies, made possible by the recent evolution of microdissection systems, have demonstrated that the 'spatial progression' of the histopathological phenotype in the surroundings of malignant or premalignant head and neck lesions correlates with molecular progression. Such a 'spatial progression' can be hypothesised to reflect temporal progression. The field cancerisation process has been divided into three phases, each with its own histological and molecular characteristics. Each of these phases may have clinical implications: detection and monitoring of fields may help cancer prevention (molecular epidemiology), early detection of recurrence (or, more exactly, of second field tumours (SFTs)) (molecular diagnostics) and prognostic prediction after treatment. This model appears plausible, especially in explaining the development of multiple primary tumours (MPTs) in adjacent head and neck mucosal regions, with peculiar clinical and prognostic implications: These tumours can be defined as multiple field tumours (SFTs). However, the model, in our opinion, does not convincingly explain the development of second primary tumours (SPTs) at more distant sites, such as the lung, colon and prostate. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
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