1,721,248 research outputs found
Production of functional probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic ice creams
No full textIn this work, 3 types of ice cream were produced: a probiotic ice cream produced by adding potentially probiotic microorganisms such as Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus rhamnosus; a prebiotic ice cream produced by adding inulin, a prebiotic substrate; and a synbiotic ice cream produced by adding probiotic microorganisms and inulin in combination. In addition to microbial counts, pH, acidity, and physical and functional properties of the ice creams were evaluated. The experimental ice creams preserved the probiotic bacteria and had counts of viable lactic acid bacteria, after frozen storage that met the minimum required to achieve probiotic effects. Moreover; most of the ice creams showed good nutritional and sensory properties, with the best results obtained with Lb. casei, and 2.5% inulin. RI Coppola, Raffaele/A-3291-2012; Sorrentino, Elena/A-5162-2012; Panfili, Gianfranco/A-4846-201
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Essential Oils and Antifungal Activity
No full textSince ancient times, folk medicine and agro-food science have benefitted from the use of plant derivatives, such as essential oils, to combat different diseases, as well as to preserve food. In Nature, essential oils play a fundamental role in protecting the plant from biotic and abiotic attacks to which it may be subjected. Many researchers have analyzed in detail the modes of action of essential oils and most of their components. The purpose of this brief review is to describe the properties of essential oils, principally as antifungal agents, and their role in blocking cell communication mechanisms, fungal biofilm formation, and mycotoxin production
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Etica cattolica, debito e giustizia sociale in vista di un nuovo assetto internazionale
Full text linkContributo sottoposto a valutazione.SOMMARIO: 1. Preambolo – 2. Valore teologico e valore giuridico dei pronunciati del Magistero ecclesiastico – 3. La lectio magistralis del 12 maggio 2003 di Giovanni Paolo II – 4. La Carta di Sant’Agata de’ Goti del 29 settembre 1997 e la legge italiana 25 luglio 2000 n. 209 – 5. La sfida dei Pontificati di Benedetto XVI e di Francesco – 6. Autorità politica mondiale e giustizia sociale – 7. L’umanesimo cristiano oggi – 8. Sintesi conclusiva. Abstract Catholic Ethics, Debt and Social Justice in the Light of a New International Order Since twenty years a group of scholars, including the Author of this essay, has been fighting for the reconstruction of the legal framework of the international debt. The Charter of Sant’Agata de’Goti (September 29, 1997), which is the result of the passionate work by a Commission on usury and international debt, has virtually been travelling around the world, including the Latin American Parliament and the Vatican City, finally landed in the Italian Parliament with the 25 July 2009 Italian Act (n. 209). Besides the legal relevance, this essay is the testimony of a significant part of the service that the Author has carried out in the interest of the Holy See and the Catholic Church; this is in fact a summary of his twenty-year commitment on the (public-private-international) debt, in view of the forthcoming visit of the Holy Father Francis in the United States (September 2015), on the eve of the 2015-2016 Extraordinary Jubilee Year (called the “Holy Year of Mercy”), which again will underline the principle of natural order for all the goods on earth.This papal journey assumes considerable importance, especially when related to the Pope’s speech, which will be held at the Congress and at the General Assembly of the United Nations in New York. The Author of this essay hopes that, in the context of those venerable international institutions, together with the Italian government, the Holy Father – under his personal commitment which is recognized in the world – will propose to the UN Assembly the start of the procedures for requesting the opinion of the AIA Court of Justice about the consistency between the rules governing the developing Countries’ foreign debt (but today you might be referring to the international debt tout court) and the framework of human rights principles, which includes the rights of peoples.We must also keep in mind that, in order to better understand the frame of reference, a deputy of the Italian Chamber, Salvatore Cherchi, together with other proponents of the mentioned 2000 Act (n. 209) – whose Article 7 remained unfulfilled – have been directly inspired by the mentioned Charter of Sant’Agata de’Goti on usury and international debt
Chemical Characterization and Antibiofilm Activities of Bulbs and Leaves of Two Aglione (Allium ampeloprasum var. holmense Asch. et Graebn.) Landraces Grown in Southern Italy
Full text linkThe present study was carried out to determine some biochemical characteristics, in particular the total polyphenol content and the free radical scavenging activity, of the extracts recovered from bulbs and aerial parts (these last often considered as by-products) of two landraces of A. ampeloprasum var. holmense cultivated in Southern Italy. For the first time, the capacity of the extracts of these landraces to inhibit the formation of biofilm of different Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and to affect the metabolism of the cells present within the bacterial biofilm was evaluated. All extracts exhibited an amount of total polyphenols not lower than 2.86 mg/g of dried product and revealed a noteworthy antioxidant activity, with EC50 values not exceeding 4.95 mg. In both cases, the aerial parts extracts were more effective than the bulb extracts, which also showed a minor amount of total polyphenols. The extracts inhibited mainly the adhesive capability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, by 95.78% and 85.01%, respectively. The extracts demonstrated to inhibit also the metabolism of the bacterial cells reaching levels up to 90%. Finally, as assessed by the assays performed on the 24-h preformed biofilms, all the extracts were also capable to cause a reduction in bacterial biomass and to affect their metabolis
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