109 research outputs found
The cytotoxic effect of slow Loris (nycticebus) venom, on human cancer cells
Full text linkWithin the Kingdom Mammalia, venom evolution is rare, occurring in only six orders. Arguably the most cryptic, and academically neglected venom occurs within primates among slow lorises (Nycticebus spp.). Venoms comprise novel biological compounds with a potential plethora of proteins and peptides available for utilisation in bio-medical research. We collected samples of slow loris saliva from eight captive-bred pygmy slow lorises (N. pygmaeus) at Paignton Zoo and Shaldon Wildlife Trust UK, given voluntarily as slow lorises chewed on Salimetrics children’s swabs. From January to March 2017, we employed MTT assays, and microscopy assessments to determine cell survival on human epidermal carcinoma cells (A431 line) after the application of concentrations of slow loris salivary venom. Cell survival from both male and female derived saliva was half that of untreated cells. Cytotoxic action is demonstrated in concentrations as low as 0.01% venom. Results demonstrate a cytotoxic effect with ensuing physiological damage on human cancer cells, demonstrating the cytotoxic action of slow loris saliva only, without the admixture of brachial gland exudate. We show that even captive-bred slow loris saliva harbours potentially dangerous substances, with functional applications towards slow loris husbandry. Knowledge of slow loris salivary venom increases understanding of the novel salivary composition and supports discussions of slow loris conservation by proposing a functional narrative to oppose the illegal pet trade, by contradicting their ‘cute and cuddly’ appeal. Evidence of salivary venom shows that cytotoxic effects can result even in the absence of a bite puncturing the skin, and further demonstrates their inappropriateness as pets
Iscrizione nei libri contabili obbligatori e circolazione dei debiti aziendali (con alcune considerazioni sui criteri di imputazione e di responsabilità tra diritto civile e diritto commerciale)
No full textThe author, inspired by a recent jurisprudential conflict emerged in the judgments passed by the Italian Supreme Court about the legal interpretation of the section 2560, paragraph 2 c.c. (which states the assumption of the company debts), examines the most important and recent Italian theories about the legal framework of the company and shows how the different solutions to the issue are dictated by a different concept of the subjective imputation criteria and the liability for breach of contract
The sticky tasty: the nutritional content of the exudativorous diet of the Javan slow loris in a lowland forest
No full textPlant exudates are an important food source for many primates. The Critically Endangered Javan slow loris (Nycticebus javanicus) was previously found to prefer Acacia decurrens exudate in an anthropogenically disturbed site, while its feeding habits in secondary natural forest remain unknown. Knowledge of the chemical characteristics of the plant exudates that Javan slow lorises consume is limited, especially with respect to those that they feed on in natural forests. As plant exudates may contain plant secondary metabolites (PSM), which are considered unpalatable in high concentrations, differences in PSM composition may drive feeding preferences. This research aims firstly to confirm exudate consumption by the Javan slow loris in a lowland tropical forest in Central Java, and secondly to identify the chemical characteristics of the exudates consumed. We followed wild slow lorises in Kemuning Forest, Central Java and observed their behaviour. We investigated the gum-producing trees that were utilized by the slow lorises by tapping the exudates and examining their nutritional and PSM contents. We found that exudates are the predominant food source for the Javan slow loris in this lowland forest, and that their nutritional contents are similar to those of exudates consumed by lorises in anthropogenically disturbed areas. Significant differences in polysaccharide and flavonoid contents were found between consumed and unconsumed exudates. Knowledge of the diet of the Javan slow loris is crucial to its conservation, and our findings confirm the importance of exudates in its diet. We also highlight the need to preserve natural slow loris habitat, and to manage the diets of these species in captivity. The results of this study indicate that plant exudates should constitute a significant portion of the diet of captive slow lorises, and that the presence of exudate-producing trees is vital in areas into which slow lorises are to be translocated. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Japan Monkey Centre
Development of cooperation of 9th grade students in the biology topic of "How a new organism is created?
No full textSadarbības pilnveidošana 9. klases skolēniem bioloģijas tematā "Kā rodas jauns organisms?". Autors: Gustavs Loris. Darba vadītāja: Vad. pētn. Dr. paed. Rita Birziņa. Diplomdarbs, 42 lappuses, 5 attēli, 4 tabulas, 29 literatūras avoti, 9 pielikumi. Latviešu valodā. Darba mērķis ir noskaidrot, vai ar strukturētu pieeju 9. klases skolēni bioloģijas tematā "Kā rodas jauns organisms?" uzrādīs augstāku akadēmisko sniegumu un sadarbības prasmes grupu darbā. Darba metodes veido pedagoģiskais novērojums, kritērijos balstīts akadēmiskā snieguma vērtējums un aptauja. Ir secināts, ka uzdevumā ar sadarbību noteicošiem elementiem, konkrētām darba lomām skolēni uzrāda augstāku akadēmisko sniegumu un labākas sadarbības prasmes darba izstrādē, kā arī skolēniem ir augstāka skaidrība un atbildība par savu veicamo uzdevumu. Būtiskus izaicinājumus sagādā nepietiekamas sadarbībai pakārtotās prasmes, galvenokārt, komunikācijas prasmes, kuras ir attīstāmas ilgākā laika posmā.Development of cooperation of 9th grade students in the biology topic of "How a new organism is created?". Author: Gustavs Loris. Supervisor: Sen. res. Dr. paed. Rita Birziņa. Diploma thesis, 42 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, 29 references, 9 attachments. In Latvian. Aim of this thesis is to find out, whether with structured approach 9th grade students will show higher academic achievement and cooperation skills in group work in the biology topic of "How a new organism is created?". Methods comprise pedagogic observation, academic achievement assessment based in criteria, and a survey. It is concluded that in a group task with cooperation promoting elements students show higher academic achievement and better cooperation skills during work, also the students have greater clarity and responsibility in their specific task. Significant challenges are posed by insufficient cooperation subordinate skills, as communication skills, which are to be developed in a longer period of time
La Pedagogía de Loris Malaguzzi.: Por una "nueva" idea de infancia
No full textL’articolo illustra gli elementi essenziali che contraddistinguono il pensiero di Loris Malaguzzi inquadrando il contributo di questo Autore nell’ambito della recente storia della pedagogia dell’infanzia italiana con particolare riferimento alle realtà dell’asilo nido e della scuola dell’infanzia. In particolare, nell’articolo si delineeranno gli elementi di novità che hanno modificato in modo permanente il nostro modo d’intendere l’infanzia (e la sua educazione) soprattutto a partire dagli apporti delle teorie costruttiviste, da Piaget fino a Vygotskij, Bruner e Gardner. Da questa analisi emerge il profilo culturale di un Autore ricco e complesso, che ha saputo innovare la didattica per l’infanzia attraverso una pluralità di prospettive: da quella metodologica a quella politica, da quella della gestione degli spazi educativi fino agli orizzonti dell’educazione estetica, della creatività e della valorizzazione del gioco simbolico.
Da questa analisi ne emerge il volto di un innovatore geniale e produttivo, capace di intrecciare i linguaggi dell’educazione con quelli della cultura, del sapere tecnico con quello umanistico, senza divaricazioni, e con uno sguardo sempre attento a cogliere le potenzialità dell’infanzia, in chiave attuale e futura, immaginando così il volto di un nuovo bambino, più adeguato ad un mondo in transizione e in movimento.The article illustrates the essential elements that distinguish the thought of Loris Malaguzzi framing the contribution of this Author within the recent history of the Early Childhood Education and Care in Italy with particular reference to the pre-school sector. In particular, the contribution will outline the elements of novelty that have permanently changed the way we understand childhood (and its education), especially from the contributions of constructivist theories (Piaget Vygotskij, Bruner, Gardner). From this analysis the cultural profile of a rich and complex Author stands out, who has been able to innovate teaching for children through a plurality of perspectives: from methodological to political, from the management of educational spaces to the horizons of aesthetic education, creativity and the enhancement of symbolic play.
From this analysis emerges the face of a brilliant and productive innovator, able to intertwine the languages of education with those of culture, of technical knowledge with the humanistic one, in a unitary perspective, and with an always careful look to grasp the potential of childhood, in a current and future key, thus imagining the face of a new child, more appropriate to a world in transition and movement.El artículo ilustra los elementos esenciales que distinguen el pensamiento de Loris Malaguzzi enmarcándolo en el contexto de la historia reciente de la pedagogía infantil italiana con especial referencia al sector preescolar. En particular, la contribución describirá los elementos novedosos que han cambiado permanentemente nuestra forma de entender la infancia (y su educación), especialmente a partir de los aportes de las teorías constructivistas (Piaget Vygotskij, Bruner, Gardner). De este análisis emerge el perfil cultural de un autor rico y complejo, que ha sido capaz de innovar la enseñanza para niños a través de una pluralidad de perspectivas: de metodológica a política, desde la gestión de espacios educativos hasta los horizontes de la educación. estética, de la creatividad y de la valorización del juego simbólico.
De este análisis surge el rostro de un innovador brillante y productivo, capaz de entrelazar las lenguas de la educación con las de la cultura, del conocimiento técnico con el humanístico, en una perspectiva unitaria, y con una mirada siempre cuidadosa para captar el potencial de la infancia, en clave actual y futura, imaginando así el rostro de un nuevo niño, más apropiado para un mundo en transición y movimiento
La pedagogia di Loris Malaguzzi. : Per una ‘nuova’ idea di bambino
No full textThe article illustrates the essential elements that distinguish the thought of Loris Malaguzzi framing the contribution of this Author within the recent history of the Early Childhood Education and Care in Italy with particular reference to the pre-school sector. In particular, the contribution will outline the elements of novelty that have permanently changed the way we understand childhood (and its education), especially from the contributions of constructivist theories (Piaget Vygotskij, Bruner, Gardner). From this analysis the cultural profile of a rich and complex Author stands out, who has been able to innovate teaching for children through a plurality of perspectives: from methodological to political, from the management of educational spaces to the horizons of aesthetic education, creativity and the enhancement of symbolic play.
From this analysis emerges the face of a brilliant and productive innovator, able to intertwine the languages of education with those of culture, of technical knowledge with the humanistic one, in a unitary perspective, and with an always careful look to grasp the potential of childhood, in a current and future key, thus imagining the face of a new child, more appropriate to a world in transition and movement.El artículo ilustra los elementos esenciales que distinguen el pensamiento de Loris Malaguzzi enmarcándolo en el contexto de la historia reciente de la pedagogía infantil italiana con especial referencia al sector preescolar. En particular, la contribución describirá los elementos novedosos que han cambiado permanentemente nuestra forma de entender la infancia (y su educación), especialmente a partir de los aportes de las teorías constructivistas (Piaget Vygotskij, Bruner, Gardner). De este análisis emerge el perfil cultural de un autor rico y complejo, que ha sido capaz de innovar la enseñanza para niños a través de una pluralidad de perspectivas: de metodológica a política, desde la gestión de espacios educativos hasta los horizontes de la educación. estética, de la creatividad y de la valorización del juego simbólico.
De este análisis surge el rostro de un innovador brillante y productivo, capaz de entrelazar las lenguas de la educación con las de la cultura, del conocimiento técnico con el humanístico, en una perspectiva unitaria, y con una mirada siempre cuidadosa para captar el potencial de la infancia, en clave actual y futura, imaginando así el rostro de un nuevo niño, más apropiado para un mundo en transición y movimiento.L’articolo illustra gli elementi essenziali che contraddistinguono il pensiero di Loris Malaguzzi inquadrando il contributo di questo Autore nell’ambito della recente storia della pedagogia dell’infanzia italiana con particolare riferimento alle realtà dell’asilo nido e della scuola dell’infanzia. In particolare, nell’articolo si delineeranno gli elementi di novità che hanno modificato in modo permanente il nostro modo d’intendere l’infanzia (e la sua educazione) soprattutto a partire dagli apporti delle teorie costruttiviste, da Piaget fino a Vygotskij, Bruner e Gardner. Da questa analisi emerge il profilo culturale di un Autore ricco e complesso, che ha saputo innovare la didattica per l’infanzia attraverso una pluralità di prospettive: da quella metodologica a quella politica, da quella della gestione degli spazi educativi fino agli orizzonti dell’educazione estetica, della creatività e della valorizzazione del gioco simbolico.
Da questa analisi ne emerge il volto di un innovatore geniale e produttivo, capace di intrecciare i linguaggi dell’educazione con quelli della cultura, del sapere tecnico con quello umanistico, senza divaricazioni, e con uno sguardo sempre attento a cogliere le potenzialità dell’infanzia, in chiave attuale e futura, immaginando così il volto di un nuovo bambino, più adeguato ad un mondo in transizione e in movimento
Toolkit design methodology / Architectural project by use of classification and taxonomies
No full textThe paper is focused on a methodology carried out to approach landscape and urban design, on the base of a codified process, during an international design workshop that took place in Shkodra. The fragment comprises the mouth of the Buna River, ranging from the Albanian part of the delta to the western side of the marsh. The even landscape changes drastically every year, and often more than once, in a waterbed with houses and stables apparently floating on it. Moreover, informality along the street and the coast spread unfinished buildings, reducing the draining capacity of the area and putting in danger those who decided to move there.
Here we suggest a methodology built on a system of localized interventions. As Jan Neutelings pointed out, we need to find new metaphors to read those diffused cities that do not establish a recognizable relationship between the inside and outside, figure and
ground, city and countryside, as they provide green spots, which contain built spots too.
His metaphor of the patchwork, deflated the idea of a comprehensive large-scale design conducted by an isolated agent. We should not forget that Albania admitted the rules of the free market only during the 90s, at a mature stage of the European liberalism, causing an explosive run from state-owned lands to fragmented private properties. Then the main issue is the distance between the author (of the plan) and the user, and the way the latter can bend and transform certain rules according to his needs.
The proposed design is a soft landscape infrastructure that analyzes the overlapping artificial and natural pattern striving to enhance the natural diversity of the area, though addressing natural and human threats. The overall process is intended as an architectural toolkit that gathers three steps up to the final strategy: the formation of an analytical tableau; the visualization of a new geography; the definition of the architectural toolkit
PVD coatings on open-cell 3D foams for electrochemical applications: A review
No full textInternational audienceThe deposition of functional coatings by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) on open-cell 3D foams represents a burgeoning area within material science, especially for electrochemical applications. Due to the novelty of this field and the unique geometry of the foams, the use of PVD on these substrates is a breakthrough innovation for functional material development. However, several challenges remain, e.g. understanding film growth mechanisms on foams, their impact on electrochemical processes, and optimizing the performance of coated foams across various applications through an understanding of the electrochemical phenomena occurring inside and on the surface of the coated foams. This review provides the first thorough overview of the current state-of-the-art in this area and suggests innovative solutions to the challenges encountered. It reports the various properties of films on foams reported in literature, compares the electrochemical performance of PVD-coated foams for Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER)/Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) catalysis, and energy storage applications, and discusses the mechanisms that explain their performance. Additionally, the review offers an analysis of existing research and introduces a novel numerical methodology, integrating Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC), Particle-in-Cell Monte Carlo (PICMC), and kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) techniques to facilitate the characterization of coatings within the foams
TiO<sub>2</sub> coated complex 3D Foams:Physical properties and photocurrent generation mechanisms
No full textThe synthesis of functional material (e.g. TiO2) on foams is a becoming an important research area, particularly in photocatalysis. However, photocatalytic coatings on foams are most of the time synthesised using the sol-gel and soft template methods. PVD-based methods are rarely used to deposit photocatalytic coatings on such substrates and when they are, the growth mechanisms are never mentioned. However, PVD deposition can bring significant breakthroughs when using such 3D substrates, like accurate control and tuning of film morphology, composition, and/or synthesis of metastable phases. This work is a comprehensive study of the film growth on complex 3D substrates. TiO2 films have been deposited on Ni and C foams by magnetron sputtering in different discharge modes (DC transition regime, DC fully reactive, and HiPIMS) to understand the correlation between discharge parameters, covering of the foam, and photocatalytic performance of coated substrate. Depending on the choice of deposition parameters, the structure is tuned between anatase, or a mix of rutile and anatase, with the possibility to synthesise highly unstable {001} crystal facets. SEM cross-sections of the TiO2@C foam assemblies allow to observe the change in coating morphology with increasing depth inside the foam. The photoelectrochemical measurements, combined with the XRD results, highlight the superior photocurrent generation provided by the coatings deposited using DC magnetron sputtering in the transition regime, as they display a well-crystallised anatase structure with a large amount of highly photocatalytically active {001} facets.</p
Mandatory Liability Insurances Except for Insurances in the Field of Traffic and Transport in Croatian and Comparative Law Paying a Special Attention to an Obliged Person to Insure and Third Persons
Full text linkNa početku rada govori se općenito o važnosti obveznih osiguranja od odgovornosti, a potom autor daje prikaz pojedinih obveznih osiguranja od odgovornosti u hrvatskom pravu izvan djelatnosti prometa i prijevoza. Pri tome autor posebnu pažnju daje pitanjima tko se smatra obveznikom sklapanja osiguranja od odgovornosti, te koje se osobe smatraju trećim osobama u obrađenim osiguranjima od odgovornosti. Nakon toga daje se prikaz poredbenopravnih uređenja Austrije, Njemačke, Italije i Velike Britanije u materiji obveznih osiguranja od odgovornosti izvan sustava prometa i prijevoza, a sa ciljem ukazivanja daljnjih mogućnosti razvoja obveznih osiguranja od odgovornosti u hrvatskom pravu. I u prikazu domaćeg i poredbenog pravnog uređenja, autor posebnu pozornost pridaje pravnim izvorima koji propisuju obvezu sklapanja pojedinog osiguranja od odgovornosti, a u prikazu hrvatskog pravnog uređenja autor se koristi i uvjetima osiguranja pojedinih osiguratelja.In the first part of the article the author addresses the significance of mandatory liability insurances and presents an overview of different types of mandatory liability insurances except for insurances in the field of traffic and transport in Croatian law. In this matter he pays a special attention to issues concerning the identification of a person who has an obligation to enter the liability insurance agreement and of persons who are considered to be the third persons in certain cases of liability insurance. Furthermore, an overview of comparative legal systems in Austria, Germany, Italy and Great Britain governing the field of mandatory liability insurances except for the traffic and transport systems is given with the aim to point at further possible directions of mandatory liability insurance development in Croatian law. Presenting the overview of domestic and comparative legal systems, the author gives a special attention to legal sources prescribing the obligation to stipulate a particular mandatory liability insurance agreement. While addressing the Croatian legal system, the author also writes about insurance conditions set by certain insurance companies
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