1,721,031 research outputs found
European Integration and Knowledge Flows across European Regions
Full text linkCappelli R. and Montobbio F. European integration and knowledge flows across European regions, Regional Studies. Using data on inventor citations and inventor collaborations, changes in geographical patterns of knowledge flows between European regions during the period 1981–2000 are analysed. It is shown that inventor collaborations become less geographically localized, while inventor citations become more localized. The European integration process has a significant effect on reducing barriers to knowledge flows between new and old European Union members. For inventor citations, this effect relates only to the European Union enlargement of 1995 and is confined to knowledge flows from Austria, Finland and Sweden to old European Union members
INNOVAZIONE TECNOLOGICA, ORGANIZZAZIONE E PRODUTTIVITÀ NELLA MANIFATTURA ITALIANA: EVIDENZE RECENTI PER L’AREA NEC
No full text
Labour mobility, skill-relatedness and new plant survival across different development stages of an industry
No full textLabour mobility is often considered a crucial factor for regional development. However, labour mobility is not good per se for local firms. There is increasing evidence that labour recruited from skill-related industries has a positive effect on plant performance, in contrast to intra-industry labour recruits. However, little is known about which types of labour are recruited in different stages of the evolution of an industry, and whether that matters for plant performance. This paper attempts to fill these gaps in the literature using linked employee–employer data at the plant level for manufacturing and services industries in the Netherlands for the period 2001–2009. Our study focuses on the effects of different types of labour recruits on the survival of new plants. We show that the effects of labour recruits from the same industry and from skill-related and unrelated industries on plant survival vary between different stages of the evolution of an industry. We also find that inter-regional labour flows do not affect new plant survival
MKL-tree: A hierarchical data structure for indexing multidimensional data
No full textRecently, multidimensional point indexing has generated a great deal of interest in applications where objects are usually represented through feature vectors belonging to high-dimensional spaces and are searched by similarity according to a given example. Unfortunately, although traditional data structures and access methods work well for low-dimensional spaces, they perform poorly as dimensionality increases. The application of a dimensionality reduction approach, such as the Karhunen-Loève transform, is often not very effective to deal with the indexing problem, since the substantial loss of information does not allow patterns to be sufficiently discriminated in the reduced space. In this work we present a novel hierarchical data structure based on the Multispace KL transform, a generalization of the KL transform, specifically designed to cope with locally correlated data. In the MKL-tree, dimensionality reduction is performed at each node, allowing more selective features to be extracted and thus increasing the dis criminant power of the index. In this work the mathematical foundations and the algorithms on which the MKL-tree is based are presented and preliminary experimental results are reported
Fortune favors the bold: firms involvement in patent opposition
No full textPatent opposition is a key strategic weapon used in intellectual property (IP) battles. While existing literature primarily focuses on the characteristics of the opposed patents to explain the occurrence of opposition proceedings, the role of firms’ characteristics remains less explored. We argue that a firm’s experience with opposition proceedings reflects its IP capabilities, both in defending its own patent portfolio and in challenging the patents of competitors. Using a dataset of EPO oppositions filed between 1980 and 2015 in the field of cosmetic technologies, we examine whether previous outcomes of opposition proceedings are associated with the likelihood of being involved in future opposition cases. Our findings show that patent holders with a higher rate of past success in opposition proceedings are less likely to be involved in subsequent oppositions. In contrast, (potential) opponents with a higher rate of past success are more likely to engage in future opposition proceedings
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Unemployment resistance across EU regions: the role of technological and human capital
No full textWe investigate the unemployment impact of the 2008 crisis to study the relationship between economic and technological resilience in 248 European Union regions. For economic resilience we measure the difference between the level of unemployment rate before crisis and the level of unemployment rate at its peak after the crisis — i.e. the unemployment resistance. Using European Patent Office patents, we look at all technological crises in each region since 1978 and build a variable of technological resilience measuring the historical ability of a region to maintain its level of knowledge creation in the face of adverse shocks — i.e. the technological resistance. We find that technological resistance is a good predictor of unemployment resistance. In particular, our results show that (1) important interaction effects exist between technological resistance and human capital, (2) technological resistance and the level of human capital are less effective in protecting female and elder adult workers during an economic crisis and (3) important country level effects are present
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
