717 research outputs found
Life and works of Augustin Augier de Favas (1758–1825), author of “Arbre botanique” (1801)
No full textInternational audienceAugustin Augier's “Arbre botanique” (“botanical tree”) (1801), a diagram representing the natural order of plants in the shape of a family tree, is today a standard reference in histories of systematics and phylogenetic trees. The previously unidentified author was a nobleman from Saint-Tropez, a schoolteacher and a priest in the Société de l'Oratoire de Jésus et de Marie immaculée. His biography and two previously unnoticed publications, as well as his correspondence with the Institut national in Paris, are discussed. Knowledge of Augier's identity, his life and works sheds new light upon his taxonomic theories, and helps us to understand his “Arbre botanique”. Long before the tree was made into an icon of evolutionism, Augier used it to demonstrate the beauty and perfect order of divine creation.En 1801, Augustin Augier publiait son “Arbre botanique”, diagramme représentant l'ordre naturel des plantes sous la forme d'un arbre généalogique, considéré aujourd'hui comme une référence de base par les historiens de la systématique et des arbres phylogénétiques. L'auteur, resté jusqu'ici inconnu, était un gentilhomme originaire de Saint-Tropez, enseignant et prêtre de la Société de l'Oratoire de Jésus et de Marie immaculée. Nous présentons sa première biographie ainsi que deux ouvrages inédits de lui et sa correspondance avec l'Institut national à Paris. La connaissance de l'identité d'Augier, de sa vie et de ses travaux, jette une nouvelle lumière sur ses théories taxonomiques et nous aide à comprendre son “Arbre botanique”. Longtemps avant que l'arbre ne devienne une icône de l’évolutionnisme, Augier l'utilisa pour démontrer la beauté et l'ordre parfait de la création divine
Population balance modelling of bubble columns under the heterogeneous regime
No full textPopulation Balance Modeling Conference 2018 (PBM 2018
Reshaping Organizations with Social Networks and Collaboration
No full textThe digital revolution is impacting many aspects of the society. Collaboration tools are challenging the traditional hierarchical model thanks to pervasive computing and always connected devices. Organizations are transforming to take advantage and to adapt to this new paradigm. When creativity and innovation are critical to the success of a company, flattened hierarchies and decentralized cooperation can leverage human talent better. With this paper the author aims to provide a literature review to highlight the historical and philosophical deployment of the different approaches to the relationship between ICT and Organization Design. This is the first step of a research project aiming at proposing emergent new organization design approach
EMD-Based Filtering Using Similarity Measure Between Probability Density Functions of IMFs
No full textThis paper introduces a new signal-filtering which combines the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and a similarity measure. A noisy signal is adaptively broken down into oscillatory components called intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by EMD followed by an estimation of the probability density function (pdf) of each extracted mode. The key idea of this paper is to make use of partial reconstruction, the relevant modes being selected on the basis of a striking similarity between the pdf of the input signal and that of each mode. Different similarity measures are investigated and compared. The obtained results, on simulated and real signals, show the effectiveness of the pdf-based filtering strategy for removing both white Gaussian and colored noises and demonstrate its superior performance over partial reconstruction approaches reported in the literature
Receipt to Priscilla C. Jemison from Roullier-Augier, August 9, 1860
No full textThis item is from the Robert Jemison, Jr. Papers. The collection spans the period from 1797 to 1960 and includes both the personal and business papers of Robert Jemison, Jr., along with papers of Robert Jemison (grandfather), William Jemison (father), Priscilla Jemison (wife), Cherokee Jemison Hargrove (daughter), and Andrew Coleman Hargrove (son-in-law), and Robert Jemison, Jr. (IV) of Birmingham (1878-1973). Included are the records of his grist and lumber mills, plantations, stage line, the Tuskaloosa Plank Road, toll bridges, ferries, postal contracts, and the North East and South West Railroad
Sapho : opéra en 3 actes. [Paris, Opéra, 16 avril 1851] / par Émile Augier ; musique de Charles Gounod
No full textAvec mode text
Nicotine increases alcohol self-administration in male rats via a μ-opioid mechanism within the mesolimbic pathway
No full textBackground and Purpose: Alcohol and nicotine use disorders are commonly comorbid. Both alcohol and nicotine can activate opioid systems in reward-related brain regions, leading to adaptive changes in opioid signalling upon chronic exposure. The potential role of these adaptations for comorbidity is presently unknown. Here, we examined the contribution of μ and κ-opioid receptors to nicotine-induced escalation of alcohol self-administration in rats. Experimental Approach: Chronic nicotine was tested on alcohol self-administration and motivation to obtain alcohol. We then tested the effect of the κ antagonist CERC-501 and the preferential μ receptor antagonist naltrexone on basal and nicotine-escalated alcohol self-administration. To probe μ or κ receptor adaptations, receptor binding and G-protein coupling assays were performed in reward-related brain regions. Finally, dopaminergic activity in response to alcohol was examined, using phosphorylation of DARPP-32 in nucleus accumbens as a biomarker. Key Results: Nicotine robustly induced escalation of alcohol self-administration and motivation to obtain alcohol. This was blocked by naltrexone but not by CERC-501. Escalation of alcohol self-administration was associated with decreased DAMGO-stimulated μ receptor signalling in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and decreased pDARPP-32 in the nucleus accumbens shell in response to alcohol. Conclusions and Implications: Collectively, these results suggest that nicotine contributes to escalate alcohol self-administration through a dysregulation of μ receptor activity in the VTA. These data imply that targeting μ rather than κ receptors may be the preferred pharmacotherapeutic approach for the treatment of alcohol use disorder when nicotine use contributes to alcohol consumption
Hydrodynamics and bubble size in bubble columns: Effects of contaminants and spargers
No full textThe simulation of bubble columns operating under the heterogeneous regime is an ambitious challenge, due to the difficulty of predicting accurately hydrodynamics and bubble size distributions, that requires experimental data for model validation. Gas fraction distributions, liquid and gas velocity profiles and bubble size distributions across bubble columns are deeply interconnected in these systems and only a comprehensive study allows the links between them to be understood. This work reports experimental data obtained by measuring bubble sizes with an innovative technique based on the cross correlation between two optical probes. Particular attention is given to the role of additives and impurities with a view to suppressing bubble coalescence. Initially experiments are carried out with demineralized water; subsequently they are repeated with tap water and adding small quantities of ethanol. Results show that contaminants and alcohol addition suppress bubble coalescence and induces a decrease of mean bubble sizes. Furthermore, alcohol addition delays the transition from homogeneous to heterogeneous regimes and increases the gas hold-up under the heterogeneous regime. Gas distribution is studied through two different perforated spargers. Changing the sparger it is possible to modify the bubble size in the lowest part of the column significantly. A perforated sparger with big holes causes the formation of big bubbles close to the holes of the sparger and promotes bubble breakage in the lower part of the column. By combining ethanol addition and sparger modification, bubble coalescence and bubble breakage can be decoupled in a controlled manner and interesting conclusions concerning these processes can be drawn. Beyond the novelty of bubble size measurements at high gas fraction, the experimental data collected are very useful to validate and develop computational fluid dynamics simulations coupled with population balance models suitable for heterogeneous bubbly flows
Décors des Huguenots. 2me Acte Chateau et Jardins de Chenonceaux : [estampe] / C. Augier J. Giroud [sig.]
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