900 research outputs found
Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century Medicine: Volume 1
No full textAnnotated and edited transcript of four Witness Seminars. Introduction by E M Tansey First published by the Wellcome Trust, 1997. ©The Trustee of the Wellcome Trust, London, 1997.In Volume One (Occasional Publication no. 4, 1997).All volumes are freely available online at: www.history.qmul.ac.uk/research/modbiomed/wellcome_witnesses/Annotated and edited transcript of four Witness Seminars. Introduction by E M Tansey.Annotated and edited transcript of four Witness Seminars. Introduction by E M Tansey.Annotated and edited transcript of four Witness Seminars. Introduction by E M Tansey.Annotated and edited transcript of four Witness Seminars. Introduction by E M Tansey.Four Witness Seminar transcripts of meetings held between 1993 and 1996: ‘Technology Transfer in Britain: The case of Monoclonal Antibodies’ (E M Tansey and P P Catterall, eds); ‘Self and Non-Self: A History of Autoimmunity’ (E M Tansey, S V Willhoft and D A Christie, eds); ‘Endogenous Opiates’ (E M Tansey and D A Christie, eds); ‘The Committee on Safety of Drugs’ (E M Tansey and L A Reynolds, eds). Introduction by E M Tansey, ‘What is a Witness Seminar’, separate index for each meeting. Tansey E M, Catterall P P, Christie D A, Willhoft S V, Reynolds L A. (eds) (1997) Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century Medicine, volume 1. London: The Wellcome Trust.The Wellcome Trust is a registered charity, no. 210183
Biodiversity and Timber Production: Trade-offs and synergies in rainforest plantations from a wildlife ecology viewpoint
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AFTER-SCHOOL PROGRAMMING: A VISUAL ARTS PERSPECTIVE
No full textAs unsupervised, after-school time increases for America’s youth, negative and risky opportunities await them. Recent studies find that as many as 15.1 million children in the United States are left unsupervised after school. Unsupervised children are significantly at risk for truancy, poor academics and risk-taking behavior. These negative forces have been targeted by many intervention efforts over the years, primarily through after-school programs. The literature defines quality programs as those with distinct elements connected to positive outcomes such as student achievement, motivation/engagement, critical/creative thinking, social competencies, and communication. Such outcomes are also evident in arts-related literature and connected to specific exposure to the visual arts. While benefits of arts programs are well documented, less is known about visual arts programs, especially those offered outside of school.
To respond to this gap in the literature, this study investigated a visual-arts after-school program for middle school students. The research questions were a) what are the demographic characteristics of student participants in a visual arts-based after-school program? and b) what possible impact does attendance in an arts-based after-school program have on its mentors? To answer these questions, data were collected on participants’ gender, age, grade, ethnicity, free/reduced lunch, Title 1 eligibility, discipline records, family status, program and school attendance. Participating high school mentors’ perceptions were measured through a survey with scaled and open-ended items. When compared with all students in the district, participants were disproportionately female. On other demographic measures no significant differences were found. Mentors (n=16) described benefits including academic skill development, social and personal identity, intrapersonal and peer relations, positive environment, stress relief, and inspiration. Implications for the development of youths’ social capital, for future research and for practice are offered
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Marketing women in Iceland: challenges of establishing a company
No full textObjectives: This paper explores the experiences of nine
Icelandic business women who that have their own marketing businesses. In recent years more women graduated from Icelandic universities than men (Statistic Iceland, 2012a) where business and marketing studies have proved popular. Little is known though about the experiences of Icelandic women moving into self-employment in marketing, particularly in relation to challenges of setting up and managing their own business. Iceland provides a unique context as it is a small island with only 325.000 habitants (Statistic Iceland, 2014). The country was hit badly by the economic crisis in 2008 which is likely to have affected the career and business decisions of self-employed women. Prior Work: Marketing is considered to be a female-oriented industry but experiences of women working in marketing are an under-researched area (Maclaren and Catterall, 2000). In addition, Marlow et al.,(2009) called for studies focusing on the challenges of the entrepreneurial environment for women. Some of the challenges that women owning their own business have to face have been identified as capitalisation, working hours and location (Carter et al., 2001; Roper and Scott, 2009; Harding, 2006). These experiences will be discussed in this paper. Approach: This paper builds on work from a similar study already undertaken in the UK by Foster and Brindley (2010); Foster et al., (2011) and Wheatley at al., (2011) and their investigation of marketing businesses in the UK but explores the experiences in the novel context of Iceland which is a much smaller economy and often heralded as a beacon of gender equality (Petterson 2012; Acthenhagen and Tilmar, 2013). The study takes an exploratory, qualitative approach. Convenience sampling was used for the study with nine Icelandic women who owned a marketing business. All the interviews were conducted with the owner of the company using a set of questions around a priori themes drawn from the literature. The interviews took place in August 2013. Results: Preliminary analysis indicates that Icelandic women are cautious when it comes to capitalisation. They are quite reluctant to take out a loan to finance their business. In addition the majority seemed to work long hours, often nights and weekends. Full findings will be presented at the conference. Implications: These findings give the first account of experiences of Icelandic self-employed women in marketing and answers recent calls for studies in the field of marketing and the entrepreneur environment for women (Maclaren and Catterall, 2000; Marlow et al.,2009). Value: This paper provides an insight into the experiences of the Icelandic business women working in marketing. In addition it offers comparisons with previous studies conducted in the UK
Oxidation of Aluminium-Magnesium alloys at elevated temperature in the solid, semi-liquid and liquid states
No full textThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.Sensitive thermogravimetric equipment was used to monitor the oxidation rates of A1-1 to 9% Mg alloys in 0.21 oxygen/0.79 helium mixtures with and without 0.03 atm water vapour pressure, in the temperature range 500-725°C which include their respective solid, semi-liquid and liquid states. These measurements were supported by structural and topographical studies of oxide films using SEM, X-ray diffraction, and TEM with electron diffraction and EDX techniques. The objective was to provide information in the context of dross formation during melting operations. The only oxidation product observed was MgO. The oxidation rates do not follow simple rate laws. The rate normally increases as the temperature is raised except for a curious inverse relationship for liquid alloys just above the liquidus temperatures due to the formation of undulating surfaces. An amorphous MgO film formed on liquid alloys restricted the initial oxidation but, following an incubation period, crystallisation of the film induced breakaway oxidation. The crystallisation was promoted by high magnesium contents, high temperatures and moist atmospheres. The oxidation rates for alloys in the semi-liquid state were as follows: (i) for 50% liquid, the rates were initially faster than those for wholly liquid alloys due to the presence of solid phase particles which acted both as disruptive stress-raisers and as sources of nuclei for crystallisation of the amorphous oxide film over the liquid phase. For the moist atmosphere: (i) wholly solid alloys and semi-liquid alloys with 50% liquid oxidised faster than in the dry atmosphere because of the injection of OH- ions into the oxide with consequent disruptive effects caused by hydrogen absorption by the alloy. The addition of 0.003% Be to Al-8% Mg alloy decreased the oxidation rate markedly by toughening the MgO films preventing cracking and hence the nucleation of tertiary MgO. Small additions of Mn or Zr offset the effect of Be and probably enhanced the Mg 2+ ion conductivity in the oxide by the 4+ injection of Mn 2+ , Mn 4+ or Zr ions. For alloys with Be, although breakaway eventually occurred it was not initiated by crystallisation of the amorphous film and moisture in the atmosphere increased the oxidation throughout the temperature range, 500-725°C.Financial support was provided by the
Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC), Swindon, U.K
Modifying “a very dangerous message": Britain, the non-aligned and the UN during the Cuban missile crisis
No full textThis chapter analyses the unfolding of the Cuban missile crisis in the context of the 17th General Assembly of the UN and shows that, contrary to earlier accounts, U Thant was responding to pressures from the non-aligned and the British in his attempts to handle the crisis
Measurement of D*+- production and the charm contribution to F(2) in deep inelastic scattering at HERA
No full textThe production of D*(+/-)(2010) mesons in deep inelastic scattering has been measured in the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 37 pb(-1). The decay channels D*(+) → D(0)pi(+) (+ c.c.), with D-0 → K(-)pi(+) or D-0 → K(- )pi(-)pi(+)pi(+), have been used to identify the D mesons. The e(+)p cross section for inclusive D*(+/-) production with 1 lt Q(2) lt 600 GeV2 and 0.02 lt y lt 0.7 is 8.31+/- 0.31(stat.)(+0.30)(-0.50) (syst.) nb in the kinematic region 1.5 lt pT(D*(+/-)) lt 15GeV and \eta(D*(+/-))\ lt 1.5. Differential cross sections are consistent with a next-to- leading-order perturbative-QCD calculation when using charm- fragmentation models which take into account the interaction of the charm quark with the proton remnant. The observed cross section is extrapolated to the full kinematic region in pr(D*(+/-)) and eta(D*(+/-)) in order to determine the charm contribution, F-2(c (c) over bar)(x,Q(2)), to the proton structllre function. The ratio F-2(c (c) over bar)/F-2 rises from similar or equal to 10% at Q(2) similar or equal to 1.8 GeV2 to similar or equal to 30% at Q(2) similar or equal to 130 GeV2 for x values in the rarlge 10(-4) to 10(-3)
Measurement of D+ and Lambda(+)(c) production in deep inelastic scattering at HERA
No full textCharm production in deep inelastic scattering has been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 120 pb<sup>−1</sup>. The hadronic decay channels D<sup>+</sup> → K<sub>S</sub><sup>0</sup> π<sup>+</sup>, Λ<sub>c</sub><sup>+</sup> → pK<sub>S</sub><sup>0</sup> and Λ<sub>c</sub><sup>+</sup> → Λπ<sup>+</sup>, and their charge conjugates, were reconstructed. The presence of a neutral strange hadron in the final state reduces the combinatorial background and extends the measured sensitivity into the low transverse momentum region. The kinematic range is 0 < <sub>pT</sub> (D<sup>+</sup>, Λ<sub>c</sub><sup>+</sup>) < 10 GeV, |η(D<sup>+</sup>, Λ<sub>c</sub><sup>+</sup>)| < 1.6, 1.5 < Q<sup>2</sup> < 1000 GeV<sup>2</sup> and 0.02 < y < 0.7. Inclusive and differential cross sections for the production of D<sup>+</sup> mesons are compared to next-to-leading-order QCD predictions. The fraction of c quarks hadronising into Λ<sub>c</sub><sup>+</sup> baryons is extracted
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