1,354,318 research outputs found
Metagenomic bacterial diversity and metabolomics profiling of Buttafuoco wine production
No full textButtafuoco dell’Oltrepo’ Pavese (or Buttafuoco) is an important and renowned red wine, protected by a Denominazione di Origine Controllata (DOC) designation established in 2010, produced in the Northern Italy in
the province of Pavia (Italy). The knowledge of factors as the typical microbial terroir and the metabolite
composition of the wine is fundamental for producing excellent wines. In this work, two productions of Buttafuoco
Storico dell’Oltrep`o Pavese were followed in order to assess the microbial populations through different
stages of the wine production chain and the metabolomic composition of the final wines.
Microbial terroir was investigated through a metagenomic analysis that revealed a wide microbial consortium
which is, for the major taxonomic groups, affected by sampling time over location. Before the metagenomic
analysis, being DNA extraction from wine a difficult task, two different approaches were compared for a precise
quantification of microbial DNA (bacteria and yeast): digital and real time PCR. Obtained results clearly evidenced
that digital PCR being was more sensitive than real time PCR and likely the method of choice for
quantifying DNA extracted from processed matrices.
Metabolomic profiling, focused on phenolic compounds, was able to clearly distinguish among vineyards and
to highlight the presence of discriminating molecules that can be related to the different edaphic conditions
I confini del Buttafuoco
No full textNell’ambito di un convegno dedicato a Buzzati e il confine, la lettura del volume ll buttafuoco. Cronache di guerra sul mare può essere stimolante se si accetta che il vocabolo confine non indichi tanto un di qua e un di là geografico, quanto il punto di convergenza tra due elementi differenziati ma dialetticamente in relazione, quindi non statici, ma che sottintendono un dinamismo. Il valore discutibile del volume (si tratta di una raccolta piuttosto approssimativa, piena di imprecisioni e refusi, priva sia del nome del curatore sia dei criteri adottati nella scelta degli articoli e soprattutto incompleta) non compromette la possibilità di una lettura dalle prospettive plurime. Il concetto di confine può essere infatti declinato in diversi modi: il confine tra articolo pubblicato e articolo censurato; il confine tra linguaggio enfatico e linguaggio lineare; il confine tra cronaca e fantasia; il confine tra parola e disegno; il confine tra articolo e racconto. È attorno a questi diversi confini che verrà analizzato Il buttafuoco
How spatial and temporal variability can effect fertilization trial results
No full textThe objectives of this paper were to study the influence of nitrogen fertilization on crop production using a linear mixed effects model with a first order continuous autoregressive correlation structure. On a 2-ha field, the most relevant soil properties were determined. Four fertilizer treatments were applied in a completely randomised block design with four replications (blocks) and repeated crop measurements were made in three crop seasons. The most relevant sources of variation in wheat production might not be ascribed to management of soil fertilization but to soil intrinsic variation and between-season variability. More advanced methods of statistical analysis need to be used to separate the residual error from error sources
How spatial and temporal variability can affect fertilization trial results
No full textThe objectives of this paper were to study the influence of nitrogen fertilization on crop production using a linear mixed effects model with a first order continuous autoregressive correlation structure. On a 2-ha field, the most relevant soil properties were determined. Four fertilizer treatments were applied in a completely randomised block design with four replications (blocks) and repeated crop measurements were made in three crop seasons. The most relevant sources of variation in wheat production might not be ascribed to management of soil fertilization but to soil intrinsic variation and between-season variability. More advanced methods of statistical analysis need to be used to separate the residual error from error sources
Modelling spatial uncertainty of soil erodibility factor using joint stochastic simulation
No full textSoil erosion varies greatly over space and is commonly estimated using the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE).
Neglecting information about estimation uncertainty, however, may lead to improper decision-making. One geostatistical
approach to spatial analysis is joint stochastic simulation, which draws alternative, equally probable, joint realizations of a
regionalized variable. Differences between the realizations provide a measure of spatial uncertainty and allow us to carry out an
error propagation analysis.
The objective of this paper was to assess spatial uncertainty of a soil erodibility factor (K) model resulting from the
uncertainties in the input parameters (texture and organic matter). The 500 km2 study area was located in central-eastern Sardinia
(Italy) and 152 samples were collected. A Monte Carlo analysis was performed where spatial cross-correlation information
through joint turning bands simulation was incorporated. A linear coregionalization model was fitted to all direct and
cross-variograms of the input variables, which included three different structures: a nugget effect, a spherical structure with
a shorter range (3500 m) and a spherical structure with a longer range (10 000 m). The K factor was then estimated for each set of
the 500 joint realizations of the input variables, and the ensemble of the model outputs was used to infer the soil erodibility
probability distribution function. This approach permitted delineation of the areas characterized by greater uncertainty, to
improve supplementary sampling strategies and K value predictions
Geostatistical modelling of within-field soil and yield variability for management zones delineation: a case study in a durum wheat field
No full textThe paper proposes a geostatistical approach for delineating management zones (MZs) based on multivariate geostatistics, showing the use of polygon kriging to compare durum wheat yield among the different MZs (polygons). The study site was a durum wheat field in southern Italy and yield was measured over three crop seasons. The first regionalized factor, calculated with factorial cokriging, was used to partition the field into three iso-frequency classes (MZs). For each MZ, the expected value and standard deviation of yield were estimated with polygon kriging over the three crop seasons. The yield variation was only in part related to soil properties but most of it might be ascribable to different patterns of meteorological conditions. Both components of variation (plant and soil) in a cropping system should then be taken into account for an effective management of rainfed durum wheat in precision agriculture. The proposed approach proved multivariate Geostatistics to be effective for MZ delineation even if further testing is required under different cropping systems and management
Leipoxais buttafuoco – a new species from Mali (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini) /
No full textA new species of the genus Leipoxais Holland, 1893, Leipoxais buttafuoco sp. n., is described from Mali. The new species is compared with the morphologically closest Leipoxais mustelina (Distant, 1899) from South Africa. Adults and their genitalia are illustrated
Spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in a Mediterranean area (southern Italy)
No full textThe precipitation climate regime of a region is characterized by the distribution of the monthly precipitation contribution. Its temporal and spatial analysis is particularly interesting for many fields of applied sciences, such as climatology, hydrology and water resources management. With the aim to describe the climate regime, its spatial feature and relevant potential temporal shift, for a large area of southern Italy (Mediterranean basin), a database of about 559 stations has been explored through the statistical analysis of rainfall time series spanning between 1917 and 2006. After a change point analysis, aimed at the assessment of data quality, a trend analysis has been performed on both monthly precipitation, monthly percentage of annual rainfall amount and PCI-computed series. The broad extension of the area under investigation highlights a better understanding of precipitation distribution patterns over space. Results of PCI trend analysis show a significant shift, for about 40-50 % of total gauging station, over the time towards a more uniform climate regime, especially for the hilly areas. Moreover, the trend analysis on the monthly rainfall series indicates that the shift is produced by a reduction of rainfall amount during the winter season, particular consistent over the Tyrrhenian side of the peninsula, and an increase during the summer season quite widespread over the whole investigated territory
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