25 research outputs found
The sacredness of the self, of society and of the human body: the case of a Finnish transgender pastor Marja-Sisko Aalto
No full textIn 2008 the change of sex of a Finnish transgender pastor attracted media attention to Lutheran Christianity on a worldwide scale, which compared to other religious traditions seldom makes it to the world news. This article discusses the sex reassignment undergone by Marja-Sisko Aalto, a Lutheran pastor from the town of Imatra, in south eastern Finland, who in 2008, at the age of 54, was transformed into a woman. First some remarks on the relation between religion and the body are made and terminological issues are discussed briefly. The second part of the article presents Aalto's life story based on the author's interview with her in April 2010. In the last section the author discusses the Finnish cognitive scholar Ilkka Pyysiäinen’s reflection on folk biology as an explanation for making sense of the public image regarding a priest’s gender. The article concludes by looking at Marja-Sisko Aalto’s case from the perspective of marking boundaries between the categories of the self, the society and the human body
The sacredness of the self, of society and of the human body: the case of a Finnish transgender pastor Marja-Sisko Aalto
No full textIn 2008 the change of sex of a Finnish transgender pastor attracted media attention to Lutheran Christianity on a worldwide scale, which compared to other religious traditions seldom makes it to the world news. This article discusses the sex reassignment undergone by Marja-Sisko Aalto, a Lutheran pastor from the town of Imatra, in south eastern Finland, who in 2008, at the age of 54, was transformed into a woman. First some remarks on the relation between religion and the body are made and terminological issues are discussed briefly. The second part of the article presents Aalto's life story based on the author's interview with her in April 2010. In the last section the author discusses the Finnish cognitive scholar Ilkka Pyysiäinen’s reflection on folk biology as an explanation for making sense of the public image regarding a priest’s gender. The article concludes by looking at Marja-Sisko Aalto’s case from the perspective of marking boundaries between the categories of the self, the society and the human body.
Discussion on Quartic Autocatalytic Kind of Chemical Reaction
No full textThe significance of chemical reaction is
inevitable and there exist many kinds in real life. Recently, the concept of
quartic autocatalytic kind of chemical reaction was appraised (Refs. [10] –
[16]). It is worth remarking that the concept had been wrongly used in a
recently published paper. To avoid confusion, this unpublished paper is
presented for clarification. In the report “entropy
optimization and quartic autocatalysis in MHD chemically reactive stagnation
point flow of Sisko nanomaterial, International Journal of Heat and Mass
Transfer 127, 829 – 837”, the author investigated
cubic autocatalytic kind of chemical reaction between non-Newtonian Sisko fluid
and two molecules of catalyst situated at the surface. However, in three
different places including the title, the author claimed that the reaction is quartic autocatalysis.<br
Elämäni laulut
No full textOpinnäytetyöni käsittelee itsetuntemusta laulujen tekemisen avulla. Materiaalina pohdinnoilleni on kahdeksan säveltämääni ja sanoittamaani laulua, jotka on koottu kehyskertomuksen avulla tarinaksi nimeltään Eräs matka maailman ääriin. Materiaalipakettiin kuuluu tarina nuotinnettuine lauluineen ja kuvineen, sekä lauluista koostettu cd-levy. Levyn sisältämät kahdeksan kappaletta on sovitettu yhtyeelle tekijän ja avustajien yhteistyönä. Kaikki työstetty materiaali löytyy liite-osiosta.
Raportti ei niinkään käsittele materiaalin työstämisen prosessia, vaan pohtii laulujen tekemisen tarvettani analysoidessani itseäni laulun tekijänä: sitä mitä minä lauluille annan ja mitä minä niiltä vastapainoksi saan. Raportti käsittelee myös jokaisen liitetarinan laulun keskittyen niiden syntymisen syihin ja olemassaolon tarkoitukseen.
Opinnäytetyön tekeminen on opettanut minulle monta seikkaa itsestäni, ja lisännyt ymmärrystä laulujeni merkityksistä. Lisäksi se on tarjonnut minulle vankkaa kokemusta lauluntekijän työstä ja mahdollisuuksista.This thesis discusses the themes of self-knowledge through song writing. As material to reflect on in this thesis eight songs were composed and written by the author and they were gathered as a story called A Certain Trip to the Edge of the World. The material consists of the story with notations of the songs and pictures and a cd. The songs in the CD have been arranged for an ensemble in cooperation with the author and assisting musicians. All the materials are included in the appendices.
Instead of describing the process of making the materials, the report includes a discussion on the author's need for song writing. In addition, the thesis contains analyses of the author as a song writer; contributions to the songs and benefits from composing them. Each song belonging to the story is also discussed with the focus on the reasons for them being born and the meaning of their existence.
The process of working on this thesis has been a self-reflecting experience and it has contributed to the understanding of the meanings of the songs. It has also provided a rewarding experience of the work and possibilities of being a song writer
Heat transfer in Sisko fluid past an unsteady stretching surface with heat source/sink and viscous dissipation effects
No full textGlobalizing Resistance against War:Theories of resistance and the new anti-war movement
No full textThe political revival of the anti-war movement after 9/11 launched a controversial debate on global resistance. Through detailed study of the anti-war movement in Britain, this book critically evaluates the theoretical debate from the perspective of ‘critical theory in political practice’.This book presents new arguments and theoretical framework to consider globalized resistance to war. In an attempt to develop the theoretical debate further, this book analyses two strands of current thought; liberal cosmopolitanism which considers the movement a consensual force of opposition against war in the form of global civil society, and radical poststructuralism which speaks of the Multitude’s ‘war against war’.. Including detailed empirical case study of four anti-war organizations; the Stop the War Coalition, the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, Globalise Resistance and War Resisters’ International, the author illustrates the limitations of the abstract nature of current theorizing and highlights the need for theory to be more engaged with political practice. While revealing tensions and conflicts within the new anti-war movement, the study not only underlines the need to critically analyse the dominant theoretical discourses but also suggests that the movement would benefit from a more open discussion about the complex relationship between unity and diversity
Solid-state polymer adsorption for surface modification: The role of molecular weight
No full textFunding Information: W.X. acknowledges the funding from Tandem Forest Values (Project STRONGAD). Prof. Pekka Peljo is thanked for helping with contact angle measurements. Olle Engkvists Stiftelse (Sweden) is acknowledged for funding the nano infrared microscope as well as a postdoc scholarship for K.N. Dr. Leena-Sisko Johansson is thanked for assisting with XPS analyses and data interpretation. Dr. Katja Heise is thanked for helping with GPC measurements. Dr. Zhuojun Meng and Tao Zou (M.Sc.) are thanked for valuable discussions. This work made use of Aalto University Bioeconomy and RawMatters Facilities. We also acknowledge the provision of facilities and technical support by Aalto University at OtaNano - Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto-NMC). The study is a part of FinnCERES Materials Bioeconomy Ecosystem. Funding Information: W.X. acknowledges the funding from Tandem Forest Values (Project STRONGAD). Prof. Pekka Peljo is thanked for helping with contact angle measurements. Olle Engkvists Stiftelse (Sweden) is acknowledged for funding the nano infrared microscope as well as a postdoc scholarship for K.N. Dr. Leena-Sisko Johansson is thanked for assisting with XPS analyses and data interpretation. Dr. Katja Heise is thanked for helping with GPC measurements. Dr. Zhuojun Meng and Tao Zou (M.Sc.) are thanked for valuable discussions. This work made use of Aalto University Bioeconomy and RawMatters Facilities. We also acknowledge the provision of facilities and technical support by Aalto University at OtaNano - Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto-NMC). The study is a part of FinnCERES Materials Bioeconomy Ecosystem. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)Hypothesis: Solid-state polymer adsorption offers a distinct approach for surface modification. These ultrathin, so-called Guiselin layers can easily be obtained by placing a polymer melt in contact with an interface, followed by a removal of the non-adsorbed layer with a good solvent. While the mechanism of formation has been well established for Guiselin layers, their stability, crucial from the perspective of materials applications, is not. The stability is a trade-off in the entropic penalty between cooperative detachment of the number of segments directly adsorbed on the substrate and consecutively pinned monomers. Experiments: Experimental model systems of Guiselin layers of polystyrene (PS) on silicon wafers with native oxide layer on top were employed. The stability of the adsorbed layers was studied as a function of PS molecular weight and polydispersibility by various microscopic and spectroscopic tools as well as quasi-static contact angle measurements. Findings: Adsorbed layers from low molecular weight PS were disrupted with typical spinodal decomposition patterns whereas high molecular weight (>500 kDa) PS resulted in stable, continuous layers. Moreover, we show that Guiselin layers offer an enticing way to modify a surface, as demonstrated by adsorbed PS that imparts a hydrophobic character to initially hydrophilic silicon wafers.Peer reviewe
Työkalupakki lukossa - taiteilija-identiteetti haussa
No full textTyökalupakki lukossa- Taiteilija-identiteetti haussa pohtii teatteri-ilmaisun ohjaajan ammatti-identiteettiä ja sen sisältämää taiteilijuutta. Onko teatteri-ilmaisun ohjaaja taiteilija vai ei? Työkalupakki lukossa - Taiteilija-identiteetti haussa syntyi tarpeesta tutkia eri taiteilijakäsityksiä ja sitä miten ne vaikuttavat teatteri-ilmaisun ohjaajan ammatti-identiteettiin. Pohjamateriaalina toimivat teokset taiteen tutkimuksesta, teatterista, kokemuksen tutkimuksesta ja dialogisuudesta.
Perinteinen teatterikäsitys on murroksessa ja tarve uusille teatterin tekijöille toivottavasti tuloillaan. Tämä opinnäytetyö pyrki hahmottamaan teatteri-ilmaisun ohjaajan paikkaa eri kentillä; tarvetta ja osaamista. Opinnäytetyössä käytiin läpi henkilökohtaista historiaa teatterin parissa, sekä opiskeluaikaa Keski-Pohjanmaan Ammattikorkeakoulussa. Se purki auki kokemuksia teatterintekijän identiteetin muodostumisesta ja siihen eniten vaikuttaneista tekijöistä. Prosessin myötä pyrittiin ymmärtämään itseään ja ammattiaan paremmin ja näin ollen vahvistettiin tarvetta ja paikkaa persoonallisena osana uudistuvaa teatterimaailmaa.This Bachelor thesis: The locked tool box- looking for an artist identity deals with the professional identetity of a drama instructor, is the drama instuctor an artist or not? What makes an artist? Locked toolbox- looking for an artist identity was produced because of a need to research different kind of consepts of artists, and how these consepts affects to professional identity of drama instructor. Books on art research, theatre, research of experiences and dialogue have been used as basic materials for this study.
The traditional consept of theatre is in a transitional stage and need for a new kind of theatre professionals is hopefully on its way. This degree work tried to perceive the professional place of a drama instructor: what is the need and what are the needed skills. In this degree work the author`s personal history with the theatre and studies in Central Ostrobothnia University of applied science were gone through. It dealed with the factors that have mostly affected the professional identity with drama and theatre. With this process I have come to understand more of my profession as a drama teacher and that makes me stronger part of the renewing theatre world
Health Care Expenditures in the National Health Expenditures Accounts and in Gross Domestic Product: A Reconciliation
No full textThis paper provides a most detailed reconciliation to date of the National Health Expenditure Accounts (NHEA), the official estimates of health care spending in the United States from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), and the estimates of health expenditures that are part of gross domestic product (GDP) produced by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) as part of the national income and product accounts (NIPAs). For the period from 1997-2008, the estimates of total national health spending in the NHEA and in the GDP data are relatively similar, differing by less than 2 percent annually. Well over 90 percent of the total estimated expenditures in the two accounts appear to consist of the same expenditures. The differences in the estimates of expenditures for specific categories of health care – physician services, hospitals, drugs, health insurance, investment in equipment, and government programs – are, however, proportionately larger. The differences in the estimates of spending for specific categories of health care partly reflect differences in the way CMS and BEA classify certain healthrelated expenditures that are included in both accounts. The differences in the two estimates of health care spending also reflect some differences in the composition of health care spending in the two accounts, the use of some different estimation methods, and the use of some different data sources.
Cancer Patients' Social Relationships During 3 Years After Diagnosis-Generic and Cancer-Specific Social Networks
No full textAbstract
Background:
Social relationships are important health resources and may be investigated as social networks. We measured cancer patients’ social subnetworks divided into generic social networks (people known to the patients) and disease-specific social networks (the persons talked to about the cancer) during 3 years after diagnosis.
Method:
Newly diagnosed patients with localized breast cancer (n = 222), lymphoma (n = 102), and prostate cancer (n = 141) completed a questionnaire on their social subnetworks at 2–5 months after diagnosis and 9, 18, and 36 months thereafter. Generic and cancer-specific numbers of persons of spouse/partner; other family; close relatives, in detail; and friends were recorded as well as cancer-specific numbers of persons in acquaintances; others with cancer; work community; healthcare professionals; and religious, hobby, and civic participation. The data was analyzed with regression models.
Results:
At study entry, most patients had a spouse/partner, all had close relatives (the younger, more often parents; and the older, more often adult children with families) and most also friends. The cancer was typically discussed with them, and often with acquaintances and other patients (74–86%). Only minor usually decreasing time trends were seen. However, the numbers of distant relatives and friends were found to strongly increase by the 9-month evaluation (P < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Cancer patients have multiple social relationships and usually talk to them about their cancer soon after diagnosis. Most temporal changes are due to the natural course of life cycle. The cancer widened the patients’ social networks by including other patients and healthcare professionals and by an increased number of relatives and friends.Abstract
Background:
Social relationships are important health resources and may be investigated as social networks. We measured cancer patients’ social subnetworks divided into generic social networks (people known to the patients) and disease-specific social networks (the persons talked to about the cancer) during 3 years after diagnosis.
Method:
Newly diagnosed patients with localized breast cancer (n = 222), lymphoma (n = 102), and prostate cancer (n = 141) completed a questionnaire on their social subnetworks at 2–5 months after diagnosis and 9, 18, and 36 months thereafter. Generic and cancer-specific numbers of persons of spouse/partner; other family; close relatives, in detail; and friends were recorded as well as cancer-specific numbers of persons in acquaintances; others with cancer; work community; healthcare professionals; and religious, hobby, and civic participation. The data was analyzed with regression models.
Results:
At study entry, most patients had a spouse/partner, all had close relatives (the younger, more often parents; and the older, more often adult children with families) and most also friends. The cancer was typically discussed with them, and often with acquaintances and other patients (74–86%). Only minor usually decreasing time trends were seen. However, the numbers of distant relatives and friends were found to strongly increase by the 9-month evaluation (P < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Cancer patients have multiple social relationships and usually talk to them about their cancer soon after diagnosis. Most temporal changes are due to the natural course of life cycle. The cancer widened the patients’ social networks by including other patients and healthcare professionals and by an increased number of relatives and friends
