1,721,016 research outputs found
Respiration Measurements of Juvenile Brown Trout Raised Under Varying Embryonic Temperatures to Test Climate Impacts
No full textThis photogallery article illustrates the article “Thermal conditions during embryogenesis influence metabolic rates of juvenile brown trout Salmo trutta.” by Richard D. Durtsche, Bror Jonsson, and Larry A. Greenberg published in Ecosphere. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3374
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
brorfred/pco2box: pCO2 box model
No full textThis package includes all code neccessary to run simulation and generate figues for the paper "Controls on Surface Water Carbonate Chemistry along North American Ocean Margins" by Cai et al.
Background and boundary conditions
To study the relationships that control surface ocean carbonate parameters and air-sea CO2 fluxes, we use a box model to representing an idealized mixed layer. The box model is simulating the carbonate systems as a homogenous surface-ocean water mass located either in the North-West Atlantic (NWA, 40.1-42.5°N, 69.2-67.5°W), South Atlantic Bight (28.3°N–29.7°N, 77.6°W–79.2°W), or the California Current System (CCS, 40.8–41.6°N, 124.5–125°W). The model is driven by realistic temperatures and salinities from the Mercator 1/12° data-assimilated General Circulation Model with a daily resolution in time[^1].
Biological production is assessed from weekly averages of daily changes in satellite derived Chlorophyll for the year 2015 using the daily MODIS aqua 4-km Level 3 product (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Ocean Ecology Laboratory, Ocean Biology Processing Group. Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aqua Chlorophyll Data; 2018 Reprocessing. NASA OB.DAAC, Greenbelt, MD, USA. doi: data/10.5067/AQUA/MODIS/L3M/CHL/2018. Accessed on 10/02/2019) or for the year 2016 for the west coast box. We use extract daily time series for each grid cell that falls within the NWA, SAB and CCS model regions, identify all pairs of consecutive days with valid data and convert changes in Chl to a carbon flux by using a fixed C:Chl ratio of 60 (Ref63). The resulting weekly averages are interpolated to daily time series. The resulting change in DIC is significantly smaller than other sources and sinks in the current study.
Winds are prescribed to 7 m/s in the summer and 10.5 m/s in the winter, to be consistent with representative wind data from the NOAA/Seawinds blended wind data set62. Winter mixing in NWA is simulated by adding 0.1 mmol m-3 DIC daily from October through February (over 155 days). The value is based on a scaling analysis of vertical DIC gradients and diffusivity estimates in the region based on observational in 2015 in the NWA region and 2016 in the CCS. Literature values of physical vertical diffusion combined with vertical profiles of DIC from the ECOA 2015 cruse suggests that diffusive transports of DIC is negligible during summer. We use constant winds to minimize noise and to isolate the effect by changes in solubility on the carbonate system. Atmospheric pCO2 is set to 395 μatm. All carbonate equilibria and concentrations are calculated using the CO2SYS package
Stunted Versus Normally Growing Fish: Adapted to Different Niches
No full textThis literature-based review draws on studies of thirty-four fish species; most are from northern temperate regions. Fish have flexible and indeterminate growth, and often they do not reach their growth and size potential. They may become stunted with impaired growth and early maturity, chiefly as a phenotypically plastic reaction. The main causes of stunted growth are negatively density-dependent food availability and keen intraspecific competition leading to environmental stress. Typically, their growth levels off early in life as energy consumptions approach energy costs of maintenance. Females typically attain maturity soon after the energy surplus from feeding starts to decrease. Males are often more variable in size at maturity owing to alternative mating strategies, and their size at maturity depends on both species-specific mating behaviours and environmental opportunities. In polyphenic/polymorphic populations, one phenotype may be stunted and the other phenotype non-stunted; stunted individuals do not perform the required ontogenetic niche shift needed to grow larger. The adult morphology of stunted fish is typically like the morphology of juveniles. Their secondary sexual characters are less pronounced, and they phenotypically retain adaptation to their early feeding niche, which is different from that of large-growing individuals. There are open questions regarding to what extent genetics and epigenetics regulate the life histories of stunted phenotypes
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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