1,720,954 research outputs found
Testing Attacks on Structural Text Watermarking Techniques
Full text linkEvery day more and more content is published on the internet in social media sites, cloud sharing services or websites and this content becomes easy pickings for people who want to steal it and make it theirs. When this sort of “content theft” occurs it is very difficult to trace the stolen piece of content back to its original author. Another linked issue is that publishers and content creators are interested in a lightweight and easy to use solution to this problem in order to protect their works against different types of attack. The most common solution to this problem is Digital Watermarking, defined as the process of digitally embedding a certain amount of information (the watermark) into a piece of multimedia content such as a picture, video or written document. The most apparent form of Digital Watermark is a photographer’s name printed on top of their picture in order to protect it from improper use, as it would carry the watermark if it were to be copied and pasted in another website, thus linking the picture to its owner. Different pieces of media need different watermarking techniques because, for example, an image has different properties from a piece of text. Speaking of the latter, text watermarking is especially difficult, because text as a medium has a low embedding rate for external information: for example if one inserts a new word into a piece of text, any attacker would be able to understand where the watermark is and how to delete it. This means that text watermarking is done through other more discreet means like converting text to an image and watermarking
the result, using synonyms or with the help of structural watermarking methods. This thesis will focus on text watermarking because of its abundance in literature and the inherent omnipresence of text on the internet which make it almost omnipresent in blogs, social networks, forums and scientific journal’s websites
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Color Watermarking Techniques for Text-based Media
Full text linkThe main focus in this thesis is text-based watermarking: that means embedding a secter payload of bits into a text, while keeping the text as unaltered as possible to make it harder to identifiy that a watermark happened at all. Using two Google Workplace add-ons we explore the efficacy, the ease of use and the portability of three structural watermarking techniques: Homoglyph-based watermarking, Space coloring-based watermarking and Grayscale based Watermarking. The latter two are techniques developed specifically for this thesis. Another important focus is the use of the Digital Object Identifer system as another level of protection for a document, using its metadata system like one would a Zero-watermarking technique
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