1,720,966 research outputs found
Explorando el nexo de forestación, urbanización y cambio de uso de la tierra: el caso del bosque de Elmalar en Turquía
Full text linkMonitoring and understanding of ecosystem dynamics is essential for sustainable management of forest ecosystems. This study investigates the effects of afforestation activities and population factors on spatio-temporal changes of forest ecosystems. Geographic Information System was used to assess temporal and spatial changes between 2002 and 2014 in the Elmalar forest planning unit, located around the eastern Mediterranean city of Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. The results indicated that total forest area increased by 2,279 hectares during the 12-year period with a 20 % cumulative improvement of the forested area. The increase in the productive and total forest areas can be attributed to the afforestation activities carried out in the study area. Notably, with the Green Belt Afforestation Project of GDF carried out in the Elmalar forest planning unit, 1,574 hectares of non-forest areas were afforested which contributed to an increase in total forest areas. Forest areas converted to non-forest area were less compared to forest increased. Increased population growth, internal migrations and resettlements within the study area are the primary reasons for expansion of residential areas, which lead to increased pressure on forest resources.El seguimiento y la comprensión de la dinámica de los ecosistemas son fundamentales para la ordenación sostenible de los ecosistemas forestales. Este estudio se centró en investigar los efectos de las actividades de forestación y los factores poblacionales sobre los cambios espacio-temporales de los ecosistemas forestales a lo largo del tiempo. Se utilizó un sistema de información geográfica (SIG) para evaluar los cambios temporales y espaciales entre 2002 y 2014 en la unidad de planificación forestal de Elmalar, ubicada alrededor de la ciudad mediterránea oriental de Kahramanmaraş, Turquía. Los resultados indicaron que las áreas forestales totales aumentaron 2.279 ha durante el período de 12 años, con una mejora acumulada del 20 % del área boscosa en el mismo período. El aumento en las áreas productivas y forestales totales, definitivamente, se pudo atribuir a las actividades de forestación realizadas en el área de estudio. En particular, con el Proyecto de Forestación del Cinturón Verde de la Dirección General de Silvicultura (GDF) que se llevó a cabo en el bosque Elmalar, donde se forestaron 1.574 hectáreas de áreas no forestales, contribuyendo a un aumento de las áreas forestales totales. En cambio, las áreas forestales convertidas en áreas no forestales y áreas de asentamientos fueron menores: 734 ha y 28 ha, respectivamente. El aumento del crecimiento de la población, las migraciones internas y los reasentamientos en el área de estudio son las principales causas de la expansión de las áreas residenciales que conducen a una mayor presión sobre los recursos forestales
KARBON DEPOLAMA KAPASİTESİNİN BELİRLENMESİ: TÜRKOĞLU PLANLAMA BİRİMİ ÖRNEĞİ
No full textOrman ekosistemi karasal ekosistemdeki organik karbonun %76-78'ini tutması bakımından en önemli bir karbon havuzudur düzeyde iklim istikrarının korunmasına önemli bir katkı sağlamaktadır. Orman ekosistemindeki karbon bütçesinin ortaya konması amenajman planlarının yapımında karar verme sürecinin daha etkin ve doğru gerçekleşmesi açısından önem taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle, orman ekosisteminin karbon depolama kapasitesinin belirlenmesi konusu araştırmacıların ve politikacıların özel ilgisini çekmektedi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Gaziantep Kentinde 2040 yılına kadar oluşabilecek arazi kullanımı/ arazi örtüsü değişiminin tahmini
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Determination of Forest Function Priorities: A Case of Çelikhan Planning Unit
No full textThe rapid population growth in our country, as in the whole world, increases and diversifies expectations from natural resources. The diversification and increase of people's expectations from forests bring the ecological and socio-cultural functions that forests offer to the society. It is extremely important to produce forest value maps that are considered as a very important base in the preparation of forest management plans and show the benefits of forests to society. For this purpose, the areas to be allocated to soil conservation, water production, aesthetics and recreation functions in the example of Çelikhan plan unit were determined according to criteria and indicators, and separate maps were created for each function. In this study, in addition to the slope parameter used to determine the soil conservation function, soil conservation function erosion risk groups were formed by using bedrock groups and new parameters such as stand structure, root system and canopy shape. All functions were combined on a single map by using different colors or by scanning, and single and multi-functional areas were determined in the plan unit by overlapping all functions with the stand types map. For this purpose, the function or function groups that will be seen by each compartment and division in the plan unit were determined and mapped. The spatial forest functions in the plan unit and the aesthetic and recreational functions subject to individual and institutional demands were separated, and then the areas with low erosion risk and low slope were allocated to production functions. According to the forest function map; according to the distribution of I. functions, soil conservation, water production, wood production, recreation, aesthetics and deforested areas constitute 9.61%, 9.27%, 0.31%, 0.04%, 0.46% and 61.54%, respectively. Contribution will be made to sustainable forestry management by using a participatory approach in determining forest functions, planning and managing forest resources.Bütün dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de hızlı nüfus artışı doğal kaynaklardan beklentiyi artırmakta ve çeşitlendirmektedir. İnsanların ormanlardan beklentilerinin çeşitlenmesi ve artması ormanların topluma sunmuş olduğu ekolojik ve sosyo-kültürel fonksiyonları ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Orman amenajman planlarının yapılmasında çok önemli bir altlık olarak değerlendirilen ve ormanların topluma sağladığı faydaları gösteren orman fonksiyon haritalarının oluşturulması son derece önem arz etmektedir. Bu amaçla Çelikhan plan ünitesi örneğinde toprak koruma, su üretimi, estetik ve rekreasyon fonksiyonlarına ayrılacak alanlar ölçüt ve göstergelere göre belirlenerek her bir fonksiyon için ayrı ayrı haritalar oluşturulmuştur. Bu çalışmada toprak koruma fonksiyonunu belirlemek için kullanılan eğim parametresine ilaveten anakaya grupları ile meşcere yapısı, kök sistemi ve kapalılık biçimi gibi yeni parametreler bir arada kullanılarak toprak koruma fonksiyonu erozyon risk grupları oluşturulmuştur. Tüm fonksiyonlar farklı renkler kullanılarak veya taranarak tek bir harita üzerinde birleştirilmiş ve bütün fonksiyonlar meşcere tipleri haritası ile çakıştırılarak plan ünitesinde tek ve çok fonksiyonlu alanlar belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla plan ünitesindeki her bölme ve bölmeciğin göreceği fonksiyon ya da fonksiyon grupları belirlenerek haritalandırılması yapılmıştır. Plan ünitesi içerisindeki konumsal orman fonksiyonları ile bireysel ve kurumsal talebe konu olan estetik ve rekreasyon fonksiyonları ayrıldıktan sonra erozyon riskinin az ve eğimin düşük olduğu alanlar üretim fonksiyonuna ayrılmıştır. Orman fonksiyon haritasına göre; I. fonksiyonların dağılımına göre toprak koruma, su üretimi, odun üretimi, rekreasyon, estetik ve ormansız alanlar sırasıyla %9,61, %9,27, %0,31, %0,04, %0,46 ve %61,54' ünü oluşturmaktadır. Orman fonksiyonların belirlenmesinde katılımcı yaklaşım kullanılarak orman kaynaklarının planlanması ve yönetilmesi ile sürdürülebilir ormancılık işletmeciliğine katkı sağlanacaktır
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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