1,721,011 research outputs found
Working conditions and mental health in teachers: a preliminary study
No full textBACKGROUND: Unfavourable working conditions are associated with poor mental health and many studies show that teachers are at risk of this.
AIMS:To investigate if and to what extent specific dimensions of working conditions are associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety in teachers in state schools in Italy.
METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of Italian state schoolteachers using the Karasek Job Content Questionnaire, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). We tested the hypotheses that high job demand, low decision latitude and low support are associated with anxiety and depression in teachers using a correlation matrix and hierarchical multiple regression models.
RESULTS: 113/180 (63%) of schoolteachers invited to participate completed the survey. 49% scored above the cut-off on CES-D and 11% on SAS. CES-D was positively correlated with job demand (r = 0.517, P < 0.01) and negatively with social support (r = -0.226, P < 0.05). SAS was positively correlated with job demand (r = 0.408, P < 0.01). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that job demand was significantly associated with CES-D and SAS scores, explaining 28 and 25% of variance respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: About half of the teachers in this study scored above the threshold for depression and ~1 in 10 for anxiety on self-rating questionnaires. Poor mental health in teachers is significantly associated with high job demand and low social support. These results should be confirmed in larger, more representative samples
Engaged teachers and well-being: the mediating role of burnout dimensions
Full text linkBackground
Engaged teachers experience a positive, fulfilling, and work-related state of mind related to their work tasks able to affect their well-being positively. Nevertheless, teachers are particularly exposed to burnout risk, which is highly probable to occur during teachers’ professional careers. The current study investigates the mediating effect of burnout, through which work engagement influences subjective well-being.
Methods
Participants were 807 Italian teachers (Female, 91.7%; Mage = 47.54; SD = 9.91). Self-report instruments were administered to evaluate teachers’ burnout (BAT, Burnout Assessment Tool), well-being (WHO-5 Well-being Index), and work engagement (UWES-3, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale).
Results
Findings show that exhaustion (β = −0.2162, p < 0.001) and psychological distress (β = −0.2811, p < 0.001) mediate the relationship between work engagement and well-being (total effect, β = 0.6409, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
These results enable us to gain a deeper understanding of how the phenomenon of burnout impacts teachers’ well-being, allowing us to design training, prevention, and evaluation programs that consider the complex nature of burnout
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Lung Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis
No full textRA is a systemic autoimmune disorder primarily involving the joints. Extra-articular manifestations of RA often include lung involvement with heterogeneous clinical presentation and radiological findings. Autopsy studies reveal that the percentage of RA patients with pathological changes in the lung is significantly higher than that of patients with clinical manifestations. Lung alterations in RA may be primary or secondary to pharmacological treatments and may involve the alveoli, the interstitium, the airways and/or the pleura. These alterations may significantly impair lung function and some of them are potentially life-threatening. Thus, clinical examination and lung function testing should be performed in all patients with RA at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up. Those patients with clinical alterations and/or impaired lung function should undergo a complete radiological study
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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