6,413 research outputs found
Purification of cellulosic pulp by hot water extraction
Full text linkHot water extraction (HWE) of pulp in a flow-through reactor was evaluated as a method to purify paper-grade pulps. About 50–80 % of the xylan and up to 50 % of the lignin in unbleached birch Kraft pulp was extracted by the HWE without losses in cellulose yield. The residual xylan content in the extracted pulps was predominantly too high for dissolving-grade applications, but some of the pulps with a xylan content of 5–7 % might still be suitable as rayon-grade pulps. Increasing extraction temperature lowered the xylan content at which cellulose yield started to decrease. Furthermore, at any given xylan content, increasing extraction temperature resulted in cellulosic pulp with higher degree of polymerization. The extracted xylan was recovered almost quantitatively as xylo-oligosaccharides. The results suggest that HWEs at elevated temperatures may be applied to purify cellulosic pulps, preferably containing a low xylan content, and to recover the extracted sugars.Finnish Bioeconomy Cluster FIBIC OyTechnology Development Centre (Finland
The Future of Canadian Climate Policy — with Marc Lee
No full textMarc Lee is a Senior Economist at the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives\u27 BC Office. In addition to tracking federal and provincial budgets and economic trends, Marc has published on a range of topics from poverty and inequality to globalization and international trade to public services and regulation. Marc is the Co-Director of the Climate Justice Project, a research partnership with UBC\u27s School of Community and Regional Planning that examines the links between climate change policies and social justice.Resources:Climate Justice Project: www.policyalternatives.ca/projects/cli…tice-projectMarc Lee\u27s Posts on Policy Note: www.policynote.ca/author/marclee/Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives: www.policyalternatives.ca/Marc\u27s Twitter: twitter.com/MarcLeeCCPA International Panel on Climate Change, 2021 report: www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1
Composition and structure of balsa (Ochroma pyramidale) wood
No full textBalsa, with its low density and relatively high mechanical properties, is frequently used as the core in structural sandwich panels, in applications ranging from wind turbine blades to racing yachts. Here, both the cellular and cell wall structure of balsa are described, to enable multi-scale modeling and an improved understanding of its mechanical properties. The cellular structure consists of fibers (66–76 %), rays (20–25 %) and vessels (3–9 %). The density of balsa ranges from roughly 60 to 380 kg/m[superscript 3]; the large density variation derives largely from the fibers, which decrease in edge length and increase in wall thickness as the density increases. The increase in cell wall thickness is predominantly due to a thicker secondary S2 layer. Cellulose microfibrils in the S2 layer are highly aligned with the fiber axis, with a mean microfibril angle (MFA) of about 1.4°. The cellulose crystallites are about 3 nm in width and 20–30 nm in length. The degree of cellulose crystallinity appears to be between 80 and 90 %, considerably higher than previously reported for other woods. The outstanding mechanical properties of balsa wood in relation to its weight are likely explained by the low MFA and the high cellulose crystallinity.North American Center for Research on Advanced Materials (BASF
Mechanics of balsa (Ochroma pyramidale) wood
No full textBalsa wood is one of the preferred core materials in structural sandwich panels, in applications ranging from wind turbine blades to boats and aircraft. Here, we investigate the mechanical behavior of balsa as a function of density, which varies from roughly 60 to 380 kg/m3. In axial compression, bending, and torsion, the elastic modulus and strength increase linearly with density while in radial compression, the modulus and strength vary nonlinearly. Models relating the mechanical properties to the cellular structure and to the density, based on deformation and failure mechanisms, are described. Finally, wood cell-wall properties are determined by extrapolating the mechanical data for balsa, and are compared with the reduced modulus and hardness of the cell wall measured by nanoindentation
Climate Justice & Inequality: The Future of Canadian Climate Policy — with Marc Lee
No full textMarc Lee is a Senior Economist at the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives\u27 BC Office. In addition to tracking federal and provincial budgets and economic trends, Marc has published on a range of topics from poverty and inequality to globalization and international trade to public services and regulation. Marc is the Co-Director of the Climate Justice Project, a research partnership with UBC\u27s School of Community and Regional Planning that examines the links between climate change policies and social justice.Resources: Climate Justice Project: https://www.policyalternatives.ca/projects/climate-justice-projectMarc Lee\u27s Posts on Policy Note: https://www.policynote.ca/author/marclee/Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives: https://www.policyalternatives.ca/Marc\u27s Twitter: https://twitter.com/MarcLeeCCPA International Panel on Climate Change, 2021 report: https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1
UKMARC AMC: Draft Rev 4.0: UK MARC format for archives and manuscripts control (UK MARC AMC)
Full text linkThis draft is the first attempt to establish a UK MARC specifically for Archives and Manuscripts Control since the British Library indicated that it would countenance such extensions to the national UK MARC format. In order to keep consistency with the general UK MARC format, standard UK MARC subject fields are not included in this document, since they should be taken from the latest version of the UK MARC manual. {A note of them should perhaps be included in UK MARC AMC.} {NB Text in braces is intended to be explanatory material for readers of this draft}. Certain other fields have not been included that might occasionally be used in the cataloguing of archival materials but would generally only be used for such materials in organizations which were combining archive
databases with library databases. This MARC version is intended for use with descriptions of archive or anuscript material that follow, or fit, the traditional style of cataloguing: we assume that these will normally relate
to paper or parchment originals. It is not intended for use with descriptions of other kinds of material. For these, fields may be drawn from the appropriate UK MARC document. MARC versions for use with archives in special formats should be developed, in order to complete the full range of facilities available to archivists and curators
MARC 21 para recursos contínuos
Full text linkTranslation and adaptation of the MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data, and MARC 21 Format for Holdings Data, Network Development and MARC Standards Office, Library of Congress, USA, by Angela Salles. Rio de Janeiro, 2010. 2 v. V.1 MARC 21 format for bibliographic data (updated until October 2010). V.2 MARC 21 format for data collection (Holdings) (updated until October 2008)
MARC 21 para recursos contínuos.
Full text linkTradução e adaptação de MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data e MARC 21 Format for Holdings Data, da Network Development and MARC Standards Office, da Library of Congress, USA, por Angela Salles
Friends of the Greenwood Library Presents Marc Leepson
No full textOn Tuesday, September 11, 2012 the Friends of the Janet D. Greenwood Library hosted its fall event, which featured an evening with Marc Leepson. Leepson is a journalist, historian and the author of seven books, including Lafayette: Lessons in Leadership from the Idealist General (Palgrave/Macmillan, 2011), a concise biography of the famed Marquis de Lafayette
Populism, populists, european democracies and European Union. The Italian case
No full textIn this chapter, the author starts by a necessary clarification of some notions as populism and fascism because there is a lot of confusion in the public debate but also a lot of academic controversies. The debate has been immediately re-launched in September 2022, after the victory at the general elections of Giorgia Meloni’s head of Brothers of Italy, a party who has a neo-fascist legacy, and after her nomination as chief of the Italian government. Marc Lazar concludes this first part of the chapter by giving what he calls an operative definition of populism, populist and fascism. In a second part, the author analyses Meloni’s party Brothers of Italy and proposes a characterisation of this party which is evolving. In a third part of the chapter, Marc Lazar reflects on what does Meloni and her party on Italian democracy and on the European Union but also what the Italian democracy and the European Union do to Meloni and Brothers of Italy. For the author, the Italian democracy and the European Union demonstrate a high capacity of resilience to the populist challenge and a propension of acculturation of the populists’ leader and party. He concludes pointing out that is a working progress, the end of which is unknown
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