117,366 research outputs found

    The use of the area deformed by earthquakes (deformed area method) for potential fault capability assessment

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    This paper proposes a conceptual framework to support the assessment of fault capability at nuclear power plant (NPP) sites, with a particular focus on situations where direct geological or geochronological evidence is insufficient or ambiguous. The approach builds on the conditions outlined in IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSG-9 (Rev. 1), particularly Conditions (b) and (c), which address the presence of structurally linked faults and areas where regional seismotectonic characteristics suggest possible surface faulting despite limited direct evidence. The methodology is based on the assumption that large earthquakes induce permanent deformation in the surrounding rock mass, and that the extent of this deformation correlates with earthquake magnitude, as already discussed in previous publications by the Authors. By applying empirical relationships derived from global datasets, the approach estimates the surface area potentially affected by coseismic deformation. Faults located within this area are considered to have an increased likelihood of activation or reactivation during future seismic events. This framework offers a means to partially resolve uncertainties in assessing Conditions (b) and (c), particularly in data-limited or complex tectonic settings. It provides a rational, conservative basis for identifying faults that may warrant further probabilistic fault displacement hazard analysis (PFDHA). The approach is not intended to replace detailed site investigations or deterministic assessments where feasible, but rather to complement existing methodologies when direct evidence is lacking. The proposed methodology supports decision-making in nuclear siting by offering a structured procedure for addressing gaps in current standards and for managing epistemic uncertainty in fault capability evaluations. This opinion paper aims to contribute to ongoing discussions on fault displacement hazard assessment and has informed recent developments in IAEA guidance and technical benchmarking studies

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Comparative in vitro evaluation of nimesulide-containing preparations on the Italian market

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    Nimesulide is a quite popular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which has been demonstrated to preferentially inhibit cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2), thus exerting milder gastrointestinal and renal side effects. Apart from the original products (Aulin® and Mesulid®), several copy and generic nimesulide-containing preparations are presently available on the Italian market. Generics are defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as interchangeable multi-source pharmaceutical products and, according to international regulatory issues, their bioequivalence to an already marketed reference product has to be proven. Due to its phÿsico-chemical properties, and in particular to the low solubility, nimesulide appears to be a critical molecule from a biopharmaceutical point of view. On the basis of these premises, the aim of the present work was to perform a comparative evaluation of tablets in vitro behaviour for the bestselling copy (Sulidamor®) and generic (Nimesulide Dorom) in reference to the original products. The results provided by the dissolution test pointed out statistically significant differences in the in vitro behaviour displayed by the original products on one hand and by the copy as well as generic preparations in exam on the other

    Square Dancing with the Stars to Enhance Dynamic Hirschman Linkages?

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    In this Presidential Address, the author takes the reader on a reconnaissance of his life and time as a regional scientist. He points out scenery he found scintillating along the way, hoping that some may pick up the banner and chew on a few of the ideas for a while. He suggests a revisit to Albert O. Hirschman’s notion of key sectors and more empirical analysis related to Marcus Berliant’s and Masahisa Fujita’s notion of knowledge creation and transfer.Presidential Address, San Antonio, Texas, March 29, 2014 (53rd Meetings of the Southern Regional Science Association

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Letter from unknown writer to Jesse L. Boyce

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    Letter to Jesse L. Boyce from unknown author (possibly Jack) about the investigation into the powder magazine located in the Grand Canyon. Some personal news is included in the letter such as the writer's marriage to the daughter of C.A. Taylor, former Supervisor of Cochise County
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