1,721,108 research outputs found
Situación actual de las granjas ecológicas de ganado vacuno de Galicia : comparación con los sistemas de explotación tradicional e intensivo
Get PDFRelación entre las estructuras físicas asociadas a las energías renovables y la salud y el bienestar del ganado extensivo: revisión bibliográfica
Get PDFToda evaluación de riesgos debe basarse en la mejor evidencia científica disponible. Esta revisión recopila y analiza el conocimiento científico disponible sobre los riesgos ambientales asociados a las energías renovables que pueden afectar a la salud y el bienestar animal de las especies ganaderas. Los parques eólicos en funcionamiento pueden provocar estrés a las especies ganaderas mediante determinadas alteraciones principales: ondas acústicas, parpadeo de sombras, ruido de baja frecuencia o infrasonidos (onda sonora inaudible para los humanos, pero sí para otros animales), campos magnéticos de frecuencia extremadamente baja y radiaciones electromagnéticas de alta frecuencia. La líneas eléctrica del parque eólico puede afectar, entre otros, al uso del hábitat por parte de los rebaños. Por su parte, los huertos solares pueden reducir el estrés térmico del ganado y mejorar la calidad de la vegetación bajo sus estructuras, lo que permitiría aumentar ligeramente la carga ganadera del pasto. La evaluación del impacto de estas estructuras se considera un área de investigación compleja en la que hasta ahora sólo se han proporcionado respuestas parciales, siendo incluso más escasa para especies de ganadería que para fauna silvestre. La investigación futura debería dirigirse a incrementar el conocimiento en cuestiones de conservación del hábitat e identificar medidas de mitigación para superar los efectos negativos de estas estructuras en los animales. Además, debería servir para mejorar su diseño, así como para la prevención sistemática de los impactos que generan
Infographics as a means of communicating and disseminating technologies in small-scale dairy farms from central Mexico
Get PDFBackground. The information and communication technologies are considered important for the rapid and efficient communication and dissemination of information among farmers, which can facilitate the diffusion of technologies. Objective. To identify the most relevant technologies to dairy farmers and to analyse farmers’ perception of the information contained in the infographics shared via WhatsApp™. Methodology. To collect the data, a questionnaire was applied to 108 dairy farmers from central Mexico. Farmers were grouped using multivariate statistics such as factor and cluster analysis. The four most important technologies to farmers were identified and infographics of maize silage, artificial insemination (AI), concentrate feeding, and heat-service were designed and distributed via WhatsApp™™. A Chi-Square test was conducted to analysed the dichotomous responses about farmers’ perception of receiving and sending infographics via WhatsApp™. The infographics were also evaluated using a five-point Likert type scale and Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyse the data. Results. Four factors that explain 73.3% of the cumulative variance were identified. Four groups were identified. Group 1 had the largest farm size, group 2 had the most available family labour, group 3 had the youngest farmers with better schooling, and group 4 had the highest level of technical assistance. Farmers in groups 1 and 2 found the infographics on maize silage and AI to be informative and well-understood. Farmers in group 3 found the concentrate feeding infographic to be informative, but 73% reported that pH and ruminal acidity were terms difficult to understand. Meanwhile, 87% of farmers in group 4 found the heat-service infographic to be unimportant, but easy to comprehend. Implications. The research contributed to identifying the usefulness of infographics in communicating information on technologies important to farmers. It also identified areas of interest achieved through their use in extension services. Conclusions. It is concluded that the infographics and WhatsApp™ are very useful tools for sharing information and communication of technologies. Therefore, the combination of these tools could improve extension services for dairy farmers in rural areas
Mother-offspring bonding revisited: a blueprint for the future of beef cattle farming
Get PDFThis review summarizes the status of the art of cow-calf relationships at birth and during lactation, including the physiological mechanisms throughout suckling/nursing and weaning which can impact on productive and reproductive parameters, social behaviour across the mother-offspring pairs, and the required positive cow-calf welfare approach in beef cattle. The time spent close to the calf after birth, latency to nurse, nursing time, grooming and vocalisations can be considered fair proxies of oxytocin release and maternal care during the neonatal period. Besides, maternal contact during the first days after parturition will be crucial to guarantee the adequate establishment of mother-offspring bonding and the correct social and emotional development of young calf in beef cattle. During lactation, restricted nursing systems have been demonstrated as cost-effective management alternatives to improve reproductive herd performance. As artificial weaning of calves is considered a significant stressor in the lives of beef cattle, the use of a fence-line or the two-step weaning have been proposed, although no clear benefits in reducing cow-calf distress have been found. Modelling the perspective from a productive to a welfare approach in a beef cattle system is required. The ability of cows and calves to engage in voluntary, self-generated and goal-directed behaviour must be considered in the design of tailored management practices that maintain the trade-off between animal performance, cow-calf interactions, and positive mental state. Likewise, social interactions may be considered as part of environmental optimization to provide cow-calf pairs with opportunities for positive experiences and improve cattle welfare. The Five Domains Model is proposed to develop welfare-orientated management strategies considering aspects such as maternal deprivation, behavioural stress and socio-emotional development in beef cattle. This holistic approach of mother-offspring bonding focused on nutrition (Domain 1), physical environment (Domain 2), health (Domain 3), behavioural interactions (Domain 4) and animal’s mental state (Domain 5) will help to improve management decisions and cow-calf welfare state. Some management recommendations and opportunities for future studies to deeply enlarge the welfare perspective in the dyad are discussed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Organic beef farming: key characteristics, opportunities, advantages, and challenges. Improving organic animal farming
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