1,720,958 research outputs found
Quatre essais sur l'entrepreneuriat numérique : développement de nouvelles entreprises et d'écosystèmes
No full textDans le domaine d'étude de l'Entrepreneuriat Numérique (EN), les perspectives systémiques et microéconomiques sont deux dimensions analytiques complémentaires mais distinctes.Au niveau systémique, la numérisation a transformé les paysages entrepreneuriaux, donnant naissance à des Ecosystèmes Entrepreneuriaux (EE) distincts de leur version numérique, les Ecosystèmes Entrepreneuriaux Digitaux (DEE). Cependant, de telles perspectives, bien que cruciales pour comprendre le développement des EE encastrés dans des dynamiques plus large, éclipsent parfois l'approche de l'entrepreneuriat centrée sur l'individu. En effet, au niveau de l'analyse des caractéristiques micro-comportementales des individus, des facteurs comme la formation universitaire et les compétences jouent un rôle important dans le succès des firmes. Dès lors, cette thèse propose quatre essais qui discutent des dimensions à la fois systémiques et micro de l'EN pour en comprendre la mécanique sous-jacente.A travers une perspective systémique, le premier essai propose une analyse de la structuration de la littérature des DEE et met en lumière le lien entre les réseaux de co-auteur et le contenu sémantique qui la façonne. En utilisant des méthodologies issues de la scientométrie, ce chapitre complète les études qualitatives antérieures. Un des résultats importants de cette étude est que le domaine scientifique des DEE se caractérise par une riche gamme de thématiques et de disciplines, bien qu'avec une intégration limitée, car largement ancrée sur un ensemble restreint de contributions reliant ces différents domaines d'autorité. Le deuxième essai, considérant les EE comme des entités au sein de marchés régionaux et mondiaux plus larges, explore l'IoT Valley, un EE spécialisé la technologie IoT LPWAN, entre 2009 et 2019. Ce chapitre met en application la méthodologie dite de l'analyse des événements historiques (HEA), et montre que l'évolution et le développement des EE peut être le résultat d'un mélange de dynamisme entrepreneurial local, de contextes régionaux et phénomènes mondiaux tels qu'une bataille de standards ou la platformisation des marchés.Abordant les aspects micro de l'EN, le troisième essai se penche sur la relation entre la diversité organisationnelle et la performance des entreprises. En examinant l'impact de la diversité des compétences de trois échelons organisationnels (équipes de direction, équipes de management de niveau intermédiaire et des travailleurs opérationnel) sur la croissance utilisateur d'entreprises numériques, nous constatons une corrélation positive entre la diversité fonctionnelle et l'expansion de ces entreprises. Cependant, la force de cette relation varie selon la phase de financement de l'entreprise, ouvrant ainsi la voie à de potentielles nouvelles directions de recherche. Enfin, le quatrième et dernier essai se tourne vers l'application de la théorie du signal aux études entrepreneuriales, suggérant que le niveau et la diversité des compétences approuvés en ligne des équipes de start-ups numériques peut attirer les investisseurs à investir dans leur entreprise. De fait, en analysant les données de 439 start-ups, cette recherche montre que les investisseurs privilégient les équipes mettant en avant soit des compétences très approfondies, soit diversifiées, mais rarement les deux à la fois. L'une des originalités de ce chapitre concerne l'utilisation de LinkedIn pour recueillir les compétences des équipes de start-ups.In fine, cette thèse montre à quel point il est crucial d'aborder l'EN à la fois par sa nature systémique et par les micro-caractéristiques idiosyncrasiques des individus et des firmes. En essence, cette thèse met en lumière les interactions nuancées de divers facteurs dans la formation du récit entrepreneurial. Une telle vue permet d'ouvrir la voie à des discussions académiques enrichissantes et à des applications pratiques mieux informées dans le domaine des entreprises numériques.In the field of Digital Entrepreneurship (DE) studies, systemic and microeconomic perspectives are two complementary yet distinct analytical dimensions.At the systemic level, digitization has transformed entrepreneurial landscapes, giving rise to distinct Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (EE) in their digital form, known as Digital Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (DEE). However, such perspectives, while crucial for understanding the development of EEs embedded within broader dynamics, sometimes overshadow the individual-centered approach to entrepreneurship. Indeed, in the analysis of micro-behavioral characteristics of individuals, factors such as educational background and skills play a significant role in firm success. Therefore, this thesis presents four essays that discuss both systemic and micro dimensions of DE to understand the underlying mechanics.From a systemic perspective, the first essay provides an analysis of the structure of DEE literature and highlights the connection between co-author networks and the semantic content shaping it. Using scientometric methodologies, this chapter complements previous qualitative studies. One significant finding of this study is that the scientific domain of DEE is characterized by a rich array of themes and disciplines, albeit with limited integration, largely centered on a restricted set of contributions connecting these various domains of authority. The second essay, considering EEs as entities within broader regional and global markets, explores the IoT Valley, a specialized EE in IoT LPWAN technology, between 2009 and 2019. This chapter applies the Historical Event Analysis (HEA) methodology and demonstrates that the evolution and development of EEs can result from a mixture of local entrepreneurial dynamism, regional contexts, and global phenomena such as standard battles or market platformization.Addressing the micro aspects of DE, the third essay examines the relationship between organizational diversity and firm performance. By examining the impact of diversity in skills across three organizational levels (top management teams, mid-level management teams, and operational workers) on the user growth of digital firms, a positive correlation between functional diversity and the expansion of these companies is observed. However, the strength of this relationship varies according to the firm's funding stage, thus paving the way for potential new research directions. Finally, the fourth and final essay turns to the application of signal theory in entrepreneurial studies, suggesting that the level and diversity of online-endorsed skills of digital start-up teams can attract investors to invest in their companies. Analyzing data from 439 start-ups, this research demonstrates that investors prefer teams that emphasize either highly specialized skills or diversified skills but rarely both simultaneously. One of the unique aspects of this chapter is the use of LinkedIn to gather the skills of startup teams.In conclusion, this thesis highlights the importance of approaching DE through both its systemic nature and the idiosyncrasic micro-characteristics of individuals and firms. In essence, this thesis sheds light on the nuanced interactions of various factors in shaping the entrepreneurial narrative. Such a view opens the door to enriching academic discussions and better-informed practical applications in the field of digital Entrepreneurship
Four essays on digital entrepreneurship : new ventures and ecosystems development
Get PDFDans le domaine d'étude de l'Entrepreneuriat Numérique (EN), les perspectives systémiques et microéconomiques sont deux dimensions analytiques complémentaires mais distinctes.Au niveau systémique, la numérisation a transformé les paysages entrepreneuriaux, donnant naissance à des Ecosystèmes Entrepreneuriaux (EE) distincts de leur version numérique, les Ecosystèmes Entrepreneuriaux Digitaux (DEE). Cependant, de telles perspectives, bien que cruciales pour comprendre le développement des EE encastrés dans des dynamiques plus large, éclipsent parfois l'approche de l'entrepreneuriat centrée sur l'individu. En effet, au niveau de l'analyse des caractéristiques micro-comportementales des individus, des facteurs comme la formation universitaire et les compétences jouent un rôle important dans le succès des firmes. Dès lors, cette thèse propose quatre essais qui discutent des dimensions à la fois systémiques et micro de l'EN pour en comprendre la mécanique sous-jacente.A travers une perspective systémique, le premier essai propose une analyse de la structuration de la littérature des DEE et met en lumière le lien entre les réseaux de co-auteur et le contenu sémantique qui la façonne. En utilisant des méthodologies issues de la scientométrie, ce chapitre complète les études qualitatives antérieures. Un des résultats importants de cette étude est que le domaine scientifique des DEE se caractérise par une riche gamme de thématiques et de disciplines, bien qu'avec une intégration limitée, car largement ancrée sur un ensemble restreint de contributions reliant ces différents domaines d'autorité. Le deuxième essai, considérant les EE comme des entités au sein de marchés régionaux et mondiaux plus larges, explore l'IoT Valley, un EE spécialisé la technologie IoT LPWAN, entre 2009 et 2019. Ce chapitre met en application la méthodologie dite de l'analyse des événements historiques (HEA), et montre que l'évolution et le développement des EE peut être le résultat d'un mélange de dynamisme entrepreneurial local, de contextes régionaux et phénomènes mondiaux tels qu'une bataille de standards ou la platformisation des marchés.Abordant les aspects micro de l'EN, le troisième essai se penche sur la relation entre la diversité organisationnelle et la performance des entreprises. En examinant l'impact de la diversité des compétences de trois échelons organisationnels (équipes de direction, équipes de management de niveau intermédiaire et des travailleurs opérationnel) sur la croissance utilisateur d'entreprises numériques, nous constatons une corrélation positive entre la diversité fonctionnelle et l'expansion de ces entreprises. Cependant, la force de cette relation varie selon la phase de financement de l'entreprise, ouvrant ainsi la voie à de potentielles nouvelles directions de recherche. Enfin, le quatrième et dernier essai se tourne vers l'application de la théorie du signal aux études entrepreneuriales, suggérant que le niveau et la diversité des compétences approuvés en ligne des équipes de start-ups numériques peut attirer les investisseurs à investir dans leur entreprise. De fait, en analysant les données de 439 start-ups, cette recherche montre que les investisseurs privilégient les équipes mettant en avant soit des compétences très approfondies, soit diversifiées, mais rarement les deux à la fois. L'une des originalités de ce chapitre concerne l'utilisation de LinkedIn pour recueillir les compétences des équipes de start-ups.In fine, cette thèse montre à quel point il est crucial d'aborder l'EN à la fois par sa nature systémique et par les micro-caractéristiques idiosyncrasiques des individus et des firmes. En essence, cette thèse met en lumière les interactions nuancées de divers facteurs dans la formation du récit entrepreneurial. Une telle vue permet d'ouvrir la voie à des discussions académiques enrichissantes et à des applications pratiques mieux informées dans le domaine des entreprises numériques.In the field of Digital Entrepreneurship (DE) studies, systemic and microeconomic perspectives are two complementary yet distinct analytical dimensions.At the systemic level, digitization has transformed entrepreneurial landscapes, giving rise to distinct Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (EE) in their digital form, known as Digital Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (DEE). However, such perspectives, while crucial for understanding the development of EEs embedded within broader dynamics, sometimes overshadow the individual-centered approach to entrepreneurship. Indeed, in the analysis of micro-behavioral characteristics of individuals, factors such as educational background and skills play a significant role in firm success. Therefore, this thesis presents four essays that discuss both systemic and micro dimensions of DE to understand the underlying mechanics.From a systemic perspective, the first essay provides an analysis of the structure of DEE literature and highlights the connection between co-author networks and the semantic content shaping it. Using scientometric methodologies, this chapter complements previous qualitative studies. One significant finding of this study is that the scientific domain of DEE is characterized by a rich array of themes and disciplines, albeit with limited integration, largely centered on a restricted set of contributions connecting these various domains of authority. The second essay, considering EEs as entities within broader regional and global markets, explores the IoT Valley, a specialized EE in IoT LPWAN technology, between 2009 and 2019. This chapter applies the Historical Event Analysis (HEA) methodology and demonstrates that the evolution and development of EEs can result from a mixture of local entrepreneurial dynamism, regional contexts, and global phenomena such as standard battles or market platformization.Addressing the micro aspects of DE, the third essay examines the relationship between organizational diversity and firm performance. By examining the impact of diversity in skills across three organizational levels (top management teams, mid-level management teams, and operational workers) on the user growth of digital firms, a positive correlation between functional diversity and the expansion of these companies is observed. However, the strength of this relationship varies according to the firm's funding stage, thus paving the way for potential new research directions. Finally, the fourth and final essay turns to the application of signal theory in entrepreneurial studies, suggesting that the level and diversity of online-endorsed skills of digital start-up teams can attract investors to invest in their companies. Analyzing data from 439 start-ups, this research demonstrates that investors prefer teams that emphasize either highly specialized skills or diversified skills but rarely both simultaneously. One of the unique aspects of this chapter is the use of LinkedIn to gather the skills of startup teams.In conclusion, this thesis highlights the importance of approaching DE through both its systemic nature and the idiosyncrasic micro-characteristics of individuals and firms. In essence, this thesis sheds light on the nuanced interactions of various factors in shaping the entrepreneurial narrative. Such a view opens the door to enriching academic discussions and better-informed practical applications in the field of digital Entrepreneurship
Pourquoi certaines régions sont-elles riches et d’autres pas ? (Mondes Sociaux)
No full texthttps://sms.hypotheses.org/2086
Interplay of Human and Structural Capital Signals for New Technology Ventures in Early-Stage Venture Capital Funding
No full textInternational audienceBy drawing on the socio-cognitive perspective of signalling theory, this study examines how the interplay of human and structural capital signals may be associated with early-stage venture capital (VC) funding for new technology ventures. Using a dataset of 453 French new technology ventures operating in the digital industry, the findings reveal that strong signals such as patents or trademarks enhance firm legitimacy, while weaker signals such as education level or degrees from elite institutions reinforce team credibility. Both types of signals are positively correlated with early-stage VC funding. However, the results indicate that combining signals of the same dimension and strength yields diminishing returns because additional within-dimension signals are informationally redundant, add little new information about legitimacy or credibility, and lower the likelihood of funding. In noisy, information-saturated contexts, overlapping signals create redundancy and investor cognitive overload rather than facilitating decision-making. This study advances signalling theory by framing signal interactions as a strategic portfolio choice, and outlines implications for entrepreneurial research, investor decision-making, and future work on signalling strategies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Exploring the relationship between functional diversity and growth in VC-backed new technology ventures
No full textInternational audiencePurpose: Despite significant research attention to top management team diversity, the potential influence of other employees’ diversity on venture growth at different maturity stages such as middle management teams and nonmanagerial employees at the base of the organizational hierarchy remains largely overlooked. This study explores this relationship in new technology venture development, with a focus on the influence of functional skills diversity across different organizational levels and maturity stages.Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a linked employer–employee dataset covering new technology ventures in the digital industry that spans from 2010 to 2020. The sample includes 296 VC-backed new ventures located in the greater Paris (France) area. Through a problem-solving lens, the study examines functional skills at various organizational levels, including 5,243 top managers, 10,274 middle managers and 29,306 nonmanagerial employees.Findings: Results indicate that placing exclusive emphasis on top-level managers could lead to incorrect assignment of diversity effects as such effects are likely shared with lower organizational levels. In addition, the findings demonstrate that the diversity–venture growth relationship varies across new ventures’ funding stages, with a notably stronger correlation in the late stages of financing. Practical implications This study demonstrates that promoting functional diversity across all organizational levels, not just top management, may boost firms’ growth. Furthermore, the effectiveness of functional diversity varies depending on the firm’s financing stage.Originality/value: This study constructs a multilayered organizational framework to explore the relationship between diversity and new technology venture growth, using a fully reproducible skills diversity classification methodology that is applicable for future investigations
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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