1,720,969 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effect of rumen-protected methionine on placenta metabolism, animal performance, and immune-metabolism of dairy cows during the periparturient and early lactation periods
Full text linkDuring the periparturient period, dairy cows experience major physiological, nutritional, metabolic, and immunological events. Methionine, besides been the first limiting amino, is an important precursor of antioxidants and methyl donor. Therefore, our objective was to examine the effects of enhancing methionine supply on performance, immunometabolic responses, and utero-placental metabolism of dairy cows. Sixty multiparous Holstein cows were used in a block design and assigned to a control diet or the control plus rumen-protected methionine (MET; Mepron, Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Germany). Mepron was fed from −28 to 60 d relative to parturition at a rate of 0.09% and 0.10% of DM during the prepartum and postpartum period, respectively. That rate ensured that the ratio of lysine to methionine in the metabolizable protein was close to 2.8:1. Compared with control, during the fresh period (1-30 days in milk) MET increased intake by 1.7 kg/d, milk yield by 4.1 kg/d, fat yield by 0.17 kg/d, and milk protein yield by 0.20 kg/d. During the high-producing period (31-60 days in milk), cows fed MET increased intake by 1.45 kg/d, milk yield by 4.4 kg/d, fat yield by 0.19 kg/d, and milk protein yield by 0.17 kg/d, compared with control. MET supplementation reduced plasma fatty acids in the fresh period and decreased γ-glutamyl transferase, cholesterol and paraoxonase indicating better liver function. Among the inflammation biomarkers measured, MET led to greater albumin (negative acute-phase protein) and lower haptoglobin than control cows. Cows supplemented with MET had greater plasma concentration of total, β-carotene, tocopherol, and reduced glutathione, whereas reactive oxygen metabolites were lower compared with control cows. Compared with control, MET enhanced blood neutrophil phagocytosis and oxidative burst. Calves from MET-supplemented cows had greater body weight at birth and upregulated mTOR protein expression in the placenta.
Regarding placental nutrient transporters, MET-fed cows had 5 upregulated neutral AA trans-porters (SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC38A1, SLC38A2, and SLC38A10). Among the facilitated glucose transporters, MET upregulated the expression of SLC2A1, SLC2A3, and SLC2A4. In MET-fed cows the long-chain fatty acid transporter SLC27A1 and the betaine transporter SLC6A12 were downregulated, while the multivitamin cotransporter SLC5A6 was upregulated. The placentome samples were further analyzed considering the offspring’s sex and maternal treatment. Compared with placenta from Male CTR, Male MET placenta had greater concentrations of end products of the TCA cycle and transsulfuration pathway, and MTR activity. No differences in global DNA methylation or mRNA expression of the DNA methyltransferases were observed between Male CTR and Male MET. Male MET cows delivered heavier calves than Male CTR; however, this difference was not maintained until 9 weeks of age. Female MET placenta compared with Female CTR had greater concentrations of metabolites related to one-carbon metabolism and the TCA cycle. The de no DNA methyltransferase (DNMT3A and DNMT3B) were upregulated in Female MET than Female CTR. Global DNA methylation was lower in Female MET than in Female CTR placenta. No difference in calf birth weight was observed between Female CTR and Female MET; but, calves from Female MET were heavier at 9 weeks of age. Overall, our results indicated that enhancing methionine supply to achieve a lysine:methionine ratio of 2.8:1 during the periparturient period increased animal performance during early lactation, mitigated oxidative stress and inflammation, and enhanced liver and neutrophil function. Furthermore, MET upregulated utero-placental transport of nutrients, at least in part, through the mTOR pathway, and altered placenta metabolism and DNA methylation in a sex-specific way.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2020-08-01The student, Fernanda Batistel, accepted the attached license on 2018-07-13 at 00:55.The student, Fernanda Batistel, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2018-07-13 at 00:55.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2018-07-13 at 11:14.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12861 on 2018-09-27 at 11:37:21Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-27T16:47:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
BATISTEL-DISSERTATION-2018.pdf: 1488634 bytes, checksum: fcc802ce5efa6c0c4715da254f3b8a96 (MD5)
LICENSE.txt: 4214 bytes, checksum: b0b50fccfbf605192631d43bb69ff50f (MD5)
PROQUEST_LICENSE.txt: 4560 bytes, checksum: c21fd4de44e84bf38519835044a537f2 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2018-07-13Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107923
Lift date: 2020-09-27T16:47:41Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemLimited Restriction Lifted for Item 107923 on 2020-09-28T09:15:22Z
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effect of rumen-protected methionine on placenta metabolism, animal performance, and immune-metabolism of dairy cows during the periparturient and early lactation periods
No full textDuring the periparturient period, dairy cows experience major physiological, nutritional, metabolic, and immunological events. Methionine, besides been the first limiting amino, is an important precursor of antioxidants and methyl donor. Therefore, our objective was to examine the effects of enhancing methionine supply on performance, immunometabolic responses, and utero-placental metabolism of dairy cows. Sixty multiparous Holstein cows were used in a block design and assigned to a control diet or the control plus rumen-protected methionine (MET; Mepron, Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Germany). Mepron was fed from −28 to 60 d relative to parturition at a rate of 0.09% and 0.10% of DM during the prepartum and postpartum period, respectively. That rate ensured that the ratio of lysine to methionine in the metabolizable protein was close to 2.8:1. Compared with control, during the fresh period (1-30 days in milk) MET increased intake by 1.7 kg/d, milk yield by 4.1 kg/d, fat yield by 0.17 kg/d, and milk protein yield by 0.20 kg/d. During the high-producing period (31-60 days in milk), cows fed MET increased intake by 1.45 kg/d, milk yield by 4.4 kg/d, fat yield by 0.19 kg/d, and milk protein yield by 0.17 kg/d, compared with control. MET supplementation reduced plasma fatty acids in the fresh period and decreased γ-glutamyl transferase, cholesterol and paraoxonase indicating better liver function. Among the inflammation biomarkers measured, MET led to greater albumin (negative acute-phase protein) and lower haptoglobin than control cows. Cows supplemented with MET had greater plasma concentration of total, β-carotene, tocopherol, and reduced glutathione, whereas reactive oxygen metabolites were lower compared with control cows. Compared with control, MET enhanced blood neutrophil phagocytosis and oxidative burst. Calves from MET-supplemented cows had greater body weight at birth and upregulated mTOR protein expression in the placenta.
Regarding placental nutrient transporters, MET-fed cows had 5 upregulated neutral AA trans-porters (SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC38A1, SLC38A2, and SLC38A10). Among the facilitated glucose transporters, MET upregulated the expression of SLC2A1, SLC2A3, and SLC2A4. In MET-fed cows the long-chain fatty acid transporter SLC27A1 and the betaine transporter SLC6A12 were downregulated, while the multivitamin cotransporter SLC5A6 was upregulated. The placentome samples were further analyzed considering the offspring’s sex and maternal treatment. Compared with placenta from Male CTR, Male MET placenta had greater concentrations of end products of the TCA cycle and transsulfuration pathway, and MTR activity. No differences in global DNA methylation or mRNA expression of the DNA methyltransferases were observed between Male CTR and Male MET. Male MET cows delivered heavier calves than Male CTR; however, this difference was not maintained until 9 weeks of age. Female MET placenta compared with Female CTR had greater concentrations of metabolites related to one-carbon metabolism and the TCA cycle. The de no DNA methyltransferase (DNMT3A and DNMT3B) were upregulated in Female MET than Female CTR. Global DNA methylation was lower in Female MET than in Female CTR placenta. No difference in calf birth weight was observed between Female CTR and Female MET; but, calves from Female MET were heavier at 9 weeks of age. Overall, our results indicated that enhancing methionine supply to achieve a lysine:methionine ratio of 2.8:1 during the periparturient period increased animal performance during early lactation, mitigated oxidative stress and inflammation, and enhanced liver and neutrophil function. Furthermore, MET upregulated utero-placental transport of nutrients, at least in part, through the mTOR pathway, and altered placenta metabolism and DNA methylation in a sex-specific way.LimitedAuthor requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD syste
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Uncovering the Relationship Between Dietary Fatty Acids and Fiber Digestion in the Rumen
Full text linkMaternal supply of methionine during late-pregnancy enhances rate of Holstein calf development in utero and postnatal growth to a greater extent than colostrum source
No full textBackgroundPregnancy and early life are critical periods of plasticity during which the fetus and neonate may be influenced by environmental factors such as nutrition. Maternal methionine (Met) supply in non-ruminants during pregnancy can affect offspring development and growth. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate if increasing Met supply during late-pregnancy affects developmental parameters of the calf at birth and if either maternal Met or colostrum from Met-fed cows alters calf growth. Calves born to Holstein cows individually-fed a basal control [CON; 1.47 Mcal/kg dry matter (DM) and 15.3% crude protein] diet with no added Met or CON plus ethylcellulose rumen-protected Met (MET; Mepron (R) at 0.09% of diet DM; Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Germany) during the last 282 d of pregnancy were used. A total of 39 calves were in CON (n=22 bulls, 17 heifers) and 42 in MET (n=20 bulls, 22 heifers). At birth, calves were randomly allocated considering dam treatment and colostrum as follows: 1) calves from CON cows and colostrum from CON cows (n=21); 2) calves from CON cows and colostrum from MET cows (n=18); 3) calves from MET cows and colostrum from MET cows (n=22); and 4) calves from MET cows and colostrum from CON cows (n=20). All calves were housed, managed, and fed individually during the first 9 wk of life.ResultsDespite greater daily DM intake pre-partum in cows fed MET (15.7 vs. 14.4 +/- 0.12kg/d, P0.05) due to maternal Met supply or colostrum source. However, fecal scores tended to be lower (P0.10) in MET calves regardless of colostrum source.Conclusions Increasing the maternal supply of MET during late-pregnancy enhanced growth in utero as well as during the pre-weaning and early post-weaning periods. Although the similar to 1kg/d greater DM intake during the last 2-3 wk prior to parturition could explain a portion of the 2kg extra body mass of MET calves at birth, other mechanisms potentially encompassing nutrient assimilation efficiency likely played a role. Assessing the exact mechanisms sensitive to supply of Met or total amino acid supply during the latter stages of growth in utero merit further research
- …
