1,721,560 research outputs found
Leadership styles of middle managers in secondary schools / Haryati Basran
No full textInvestigation into leadership styles is a widely debated and researched issue in the educational context. Nevertheless there is scant empirical research on leadership styles of middle managers in secondary school. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim to identify the leadership styles of school middle managers in secondary school in the district of Sabak Bemam. The descriptive study comprised 125 teachers (here after refers as middle managers) from five secondary schools in Sabak Bemam district were randomly selected. The study employed a mixed method research design where data were collected via questionnaire survey and in- depth semi- structured interviews. The questionnaire used was the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), adapted from Bass & Avolio (1992). A total of ten respondents were randomly selected from five secondary schools in the interview session. The quantitative data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 17.00 version while the qualitative data were analysed deductively and inductively based on the research questions posed in this study. In order to see the types of leadership
styles by middle managers in secondary schools, a frequency, percent, mean, standard deviation and T- test were used to test the data. The main findings of the study show that Transactional leadership style was the most preferred leadership style among school middle managers. Then it is followed by Transformational leadership style and Laissez- faire leadership style. Findings also indicated that there were no significant differences in
leadership styles between male and female school middle managers in secondary schools. The analysis also revealed that there was no significant difference in leadership styles between novice and experienced school middle managers. Nevertheless, the findings revealed that there was a significant difference in the mean score for Laissez- faire leadership style between novice and experienced school middle managers. The findings imply that educational leaders especially middle managers need to be aware on their leadership styles as it is help to leader to build a good relation with the followers and retain a productive workforce. The overview of the evidence and findings of the study are used for some suggestions and recommendations for the future research
الظواهر الصوتية في مرويات مدرسة البصرة اللغوية في تهذيب اللغة للأزهري (الإبدال أنموذجا) : The Phonological Phenomena in Basran Linguistic Transmissions through Al-Azhari’s Tahdhib al-Lughah (Ibdāl as a Model)
No full textLanguage transcends being a mere assemblage of symbols; it constitutes the very soul of a civilization, and phonology represents its dynamic pulse. In the formative centuries of Islamic civilization, the city of Basra rose not only as a strategic frontier but as an epicenter of intellectual and linguistic innovation. The Basran school of grammar distinguished itself through rigorous analytical methodologies and an unwavering dedication to linguistic purity. It systematically codified the Arabic language, integrating theoretical precision with a robust oral tradition. Eminent scholars such as Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad—pioneer of Arabic prosody and compiler of the earliest Arabic lexicon—and his illustrious disciple Sibawayh, author of the foundational grammatical treatise Al-Kitab, epitomized this scientific endeavor.This article explores the Basran linguistic legacy through the lens of Tahdhib al-Lugha by Al-Azhari, a seminal lexicon that not only conserves lexical data but also encapsulates the phonetic and philological insights characteristic of the Basran tradition. The study is structured in two principal sections: the first offers a theoretical and historical contextualization of the Basran school and Al-Azhari’s lexicographical methodology; the second provides an analytical examination of pivotal phonological process—ibdāl (systematic phonetic substitution). By tracing this phenomena, the article reveals the Basran scholars’ meticulous attention to phonetic nuance as a mechanism for ensuring linguistic clarity, textual integrity, and aesthetic precision
Motif on Apin mat ethnic Murut / Norayni Mohd Basran
Full text linkThis paper contains an analysis of symmetry for Apin mat created in the ethnic Murut. Wicker mat ethnic murut called mat as Apin or Lantungan is a term used by Murut Tahol referring to woven mats. Normally, Lantungan are named the types of rattan used to weave. There are three types of weaving, Apin Lantungan, Lantungan Ulia, Lantungan Puaran. These designs are very distinctive in term of motives and pattern. Apin mat are used as decorative motifs for woven Silaung, woven mat, woven lalandau woven tavil and woven buyong for using live. The basic woven objects are considered plain without kelarai. Apin mat design in a woven mat requires creativity and mathematical skills of the wover to ensure the consistency in design. Therefore, motive and pattern is used as a method to discover the role of symmetry in the formation of Apin mati design. There are ten selected Kelarai patterns used in this analysis. The analysis divides the Apin mat patterns into which are based on the symmetry line, 45°, 90°, 180° and 360°
Everything was good-bye : a mulher da diáspora indiana na narrativa de Gurjinder Basran
Full text linkEste trabalho consiste na análise do romance Everything was good-bye, de Gurjinder Basran, tendo como foco as perspectivas dos Estudos Culturais. Centraliza a análise desta obra literária na discussão sobre a identidade dividida da personagem-protagonista da obra. Especifica dentro do conceito de cultura as questões relacionadas à identidade cultural, sendo importante para a análise identitária da personagem central, Meena, pois a protagonista em questão coloca em dúvida suas tradições indianas ao comparar-se aos demais canadenses com quem convive. Apresenta a distinção entre multiculturalismo e interculturalismo, para ressaltar a significância do contato entre as diferentes culturas e o que resulta dessa aproximação. Discute o movimento diaspórico, a partir da perspectiva da família central da narrativa, que é de origem indiana, mas reside no ocidente. Evidencia as marcas de autoficção presentes no romance de Gurjinder Basran (2010), reforçando a formação identitária da protagonista que discute. Analisa o posicionamento da protagonista frente à sua família, aos seus colegas de escola e trabalho e aos seus três grandes relacionamentos amorosos.This work consists in the analysis of the novel Everything was good-bye, by Gurjinder Basran, having the perspectives of Cultural Studies as the focus for the research. It centralizes the analysis of this literary work in the discussion about the divided identity of the protagonist character of the novel. It specifies within the concept of culture the questions related to cultural identity, that being important for the identity analysis of the main character, Meena, as the protagonist in question puts in doubt her Indian traditions when she compares herself to other Canadians with whom she is sociable. It presents the distinction between multiculturalism and interculturalism, to highlight the significance of the contact between the different cultures and what it results from this approximation. It discusses the diasporic movement, from narrative main family’s perspective, which has an Indian origin, but it resides in the Western side. It evidences the autofiction marks present in Gurjinder Basran (2010)’s novel, reinforcing the protagonist’s identity formation that it discusses. It analyses the protagonist’s position towards her family, her school and work colleagues and her three great loving relationships
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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