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Relevansi Semiotika Dan Uṣhūl Fiqh: Telaah Atas Hadis-Hadis Aḥkām
Get PDFAbstract
The integration of semiotics as a modern analytical tool into the classical Islamic sciences is often limited to the discourse of ‘ulūm al-Qur'ān and ’ulūm al-hadīs. The themes discussed are only dominated by ethical discussions. However, uṣhūl fiqh plays an important role in analysing naṣ that relate to the jurisprudential-practical dimension. This article is a literature review that seeks to explore the relevance between Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotics and classical uṣhūl fiqh theory. The focus is on examining hadīths that contain legal-formal laws (hadīś ahkām). The question in this study is how the relevance between the two and how semiotics is implemented as a basis for the production of fiqh law (istinbāt al-ahkām). The main argument is that contemporary scientific paradigms do not necessarily contradict classical Islamic knowledge. However, differences in terminology and function are often considered as a gap between the two poles. The relevance of both appears especially in the concept of sign systems. This can be seen in how the uṣhūlīs assign new sign systems such as amr meaning obligatory and nahy meaning forbidden to naṣṣ. Integrating semiotics into uṣhūl fiqh will provide a new nuance in the treasury of Islamic knowledge.
Keywords: Ferdinand de Saussure semiotics, Uṣhūl Fiqh, hadith ahkām.
Abstrak
Usaha mengintegrasikan semiotika sebagai pisau analisis modern ke dalam khazanah ilmu keislaman klasik kerap kali hanya berkutat pada diskursus ‘ulūm al-Qur’ān dan ‘ulūm al-hadīs. Tema yang dibicarakan pun hanya didominasi diskusi tataran dalam etis. Padahal selain keduanya, terdapat pula uṣhūl fiqh yang berperan penting dalam menganalisa naṣṣ yang berkaitan dengan dimensi yurisprudis–praksis. Artikel ini adalah kajian pustaka yang berusaha menelusuri relevansi antara semiotika Ferdinand de Saussure dengan teori uṣhūl fiqh klasik. Fokusnya adalah meneliti hadis-hadis yang bermuatan hukum legal-formal (hadīś ahkām). Pertanyaan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana relevansi antara keduanya dan bagaimana semiotika diimplementasikan sebagai basis produksi hukum fikih (istinbāt al-ahkām). Argumen utamanya adalah bahwa tidak selamanya paradigma keilmuan kontemporer bertentangan dengan khazanah ilmu keislaman klasik. Hanya saja, perbedaan terminologi dan fungsi kerap kali dianggap sebagai jurang pemisah antara dua kutub tersebut. Relevansi keduanya nampak terutama dalam konsep sistem tanda. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari bagaimana para uṣhūlī memberikan sistem tanda baru seperti amr bermakna wajib dan nahy bermakna haram ke dalam naṣṣ. Mengintegrasikan semiotika ke dalam uṣhūl fiqh akan memberikan nuansa baru dalam khazanah ilmu Keislaman
Schleiermacher's Hermeneutics and His Contribution to The Study of Hadith
No full textContemporary hadith studies have involved many auxiliary sciences, one of which is hermeneutics. As a critical theory, hermeneutics has been utilized by hadith scholars to explore the meanings of hadith not only on the denotative but also on the connotative level. One of the hermeneutical theories that is worth considering and has not been widely used by scholars to read hadith texts is Schleiermacher's objective hermeneutics. Broadly speaking, the main ideas of objective hermeneutics emphasize grammatical interpretation, psychological interpretation, the hermeneutical circle, and the method of divination. Using library research, this study aims to examine the involvement of objective hermeneutics in the study of hadith which some scholars believe is not relevant enough. The results of the study show that the use of objective hermeneutics proves to be relevant and even contributes importantly to revealing the historical (asbabul wurud), epistemological (ulum al-hadis), and interpretive (syarh al-hadis) dimensions. Grammatical interpretation serves to explore ḥadīś textually, psychological interpretation aims to read the context when the ḥadīś appeared, the divination method serves to record the main ideas of the author, the hermeneutic circle is useful to dialogue between text and context until contextualization is born. Thus, Schleiermacher's hermeneutics makes an important contribution to hadith discourse in the modern era, without being uprooted from the roots of classical hadith discourse
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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