572 research outputs found
Reliability Studies in Information and Communication Technologydominated Distribution Systems: Adequacy Assessment of Cyber-Physical Distribution Networks Including Microgrids
Get PDFIn the past decade, the emergence of high-speed, reliable, and smart computer systems has caused a revolution in control systems, and digital systems are replacing traditional and analogous control systems in industries. Power systems are not an exception, and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are increasingly integrated into these systems. Due to the increasing deployment of ICTs in power infrastructures, the power systems will become “cyber-physical power systems.” While it is exciting to contemplate all the benefits that ICTs bring to power systems, we deal with not-so-perfect components and designs of ICTs, so failures do occur in these technologies; therefore, ICTs influence the reliability of the overall system. With this perspective, the fundamental objective of this Ph.D. research work is to develop suitable methodologies for assessing the impact of ICT component failures on the reliability of cyber-physical distribution systems and microgrids. To achieve the primal objectives of this study, three novel reliability assessment frameworks are proposed for Cyber-Physical Microgrids (CPMGs) and Cyber-Physical Distribution Systems (CPDSs).
This thesis includes two parts. Part 1 consists of five chapters and intends to provide supplementary explanations for the appended papers in Part 2. This part presents a comprehensive overview of the literature on the reliability of CPDSs and CPMGs. It explains the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) and state enumeration method, which were used to develop the reliability assessment frameworks. It also provides some additional simulation results.
The proposed frameworks are explained in the appended papers. In the first paper, an MCS-based framework for the adequacy assessment of grid-connected CPMGs is developed. The impact of the failure of ICT components involved in the system control on the reliability of grid-connected CPMGs is investigated through the proposed framework. This framework can also be applied to isolated CPMGs with minimum effort. This framework is further extended in the second paper to include multi-microgrid considerations. In addition, a methodology is proposed to investigate the impact of ICT components’ failure on the functioning of protection and restoration systems when a centralized scheme is adopted for system protection. Both of these frameworks are based on MCS. While reliability assessment methods based on MCS are effective and can include the detail of the system as desired, they are relatively time-consuming. In this regard, a novel analytical methodology is proposed in the third paper for the adequacy assessment of Cyber-Physical Multi-Microgrid (CPMMG) distribution systems to accelerate the procedure. The proposed framework uses the state enumeration method, classification of components, graph theory, reliability block diagram, and probability theory.
Besides the main objectives that define the main research questions of this thesis, several other questions were raised, which are partially answered in this thesis. In response to these research questions, a detailed model for the reliability assessment of solar farms is proposed, a generic scheme for treating uncertainties associated with the duration of contingency events is outlined, and two new reliability indices are formulated to take the impact of ownership of the microgrids in a multi-microgrid system into account.
The effectiveness of the proposed methodologies is demonstrated by applying them to suitable case studies. Further support is provided by analyzing the impact of device-level failures of cyber systems on the reliability of CPMGs and CPMMG distribution networks through quantifying well-known reliability indices. In brief, the primary conclusion of this thesis is that the adverse impact of device-level failures of cyber systems on the reliability of distribution systems and microgrids can be effectively mitigated by improving the cyber system topology and adding redundancy for critical cyber components in the system. In such an enhanced cyber system, the adverse impact of cyber failures compared to the functionalities they bring to distribution systems is negligible. However, to achieve such a cyber system, reliability studies are crucial
Quantum annealing applications, challenges and limitations for optimisation problems compared to classical solvers
No full textQuantum computing is rapidly advancing, harnessing the power of qubits’ superposition and entanglement for computational advantages over classical systems. However, scalability poses a primary challenge for these machines. By implementing a hybrid workflow between classical and quantum computing instances, D-Wave has succeeded in pushing this boundary to the realm of industrial use. Furthermore, they have recently opened up to mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problems, expanding their applicability to many relevant problems in the field of optimisation. However, the extent of their suitability for diverse problem categories and their computational advantages remains unclear. This study conducts a comprehensive examination by applying a selection of diverse case studies to benchmark the performance of D-Wave’s hybrid solver against that of industry-leading solvers such as CPLEX, Gurobi, and IPOPT. The findings indicate that D-Wave’s hybrid solver is currently most advantageous for integer quadratic objective functions and shows potential for quadratic constraints. To illustrate this, we applied it to a real-world energy problem, specifically the MILP unit commitment problem. While D-Wave can solve such problems, its performance has not yet matched that of its classical counterparts.</p
Interview with Mostafa Moharram
No full textهذه المقابلة مع المؤلف والسيناريست المصري مصطفى محرم. يستعرض كتاباته وأفلامه ، ويؤكد على أهمية السيناريو والكتابات المتخصصة . يشرح دور كاتب السيناريو وهو المسؤول عن خلق عمل فعال وجيد ، وكذلك التعامل بطريقة جيدة مع فريق التمثيل . أجرت المقابلة درية شرف الدينIn this interview, Egyptian author and screenwriter Mostafa Moharram speaks about his movies and the importance of scenarios in creating good work. The interview was conducted by Dorreya Sharaf al-Din
Detection and Analysis of Epilepsy Biomarkers in Electrocorticography
No full textAuthor Mostafa MohammadpourDissertation Johannes Kepler Universität Linz 202
Detection and Analysis of Epilepsy Biomarkers in Electrocorticography
No full textAuthor Mostafa MohammadpourDissertation Johannes Kepler Universität Linz 202
Towards a Sustainable Bolivian Power System: Impacts of Gas Subsidies and Variable Renewable Energy Sources
Get PDFImens utviklingsland navigerer det komplekse landskapet i energiomstillingen, står de overfor unike utfordringer som økonomiske begrensninger, store behov for oppgradering av infrastruktur og et energisystem avhengig av fossile brensler. For å muliggjøre informert beslutningstaking som kan balansere ulike faktorer samtidig som de sikrer transparens er åpnet tilgjengelige energisystemmodeller essensielle verktøy.
Denne avhandlingen fokuserer på å adressere kritiske forskningsspørsmål relatert til modellering og analyse av det bolivianske kraftsystemet ved bruk og utvidelse av åpent tilgjengelige modeller. Hovedmålene er å forbedre representasjonen av Bolivias energiinfrastruktur i PyPSA-Earth-BO-modellen, undersøke virkningen av subsidiering av fossile brensler, implementere et verktøy for pålitelighetsvurdering og integrere det bolivianske kraftsystemet i EMPIRE-modellen for komparativ analyse.
Den første studien forbedrer nøyaktigheten til PyPSA-Earth-BO-modellen betydelig ved å øke oppløsningen av representasjonen av det fysiske systemet, gjøre kritiske forbedringer i dataen som benyttes og implementere begrensninger som sikrer mer realistiske resultater. Forbedringene muliggjør en omfattende analyse av virkningen av subsidiering av fossile brensler på Bolivias energiomstilling. Den andre studien introduserer et sammensatt verktøy for å utføre pålitelighetsstudier av Bolivias fremtidige kraftsystem ved hjelp av Monte Carlo simulering. Dette fasiliterer en diskusjon rundt de kritiske komponentene i modellen som brukes til å representere Bolivia i 2040. Den tredje studien integrerer det bolivianske kraftsystemet i EMPIRE-modellen, som muliggjør en komparativ analyse mellom dens multi-horisont stokastiske programmeringsmetode og PyPSA-Earths deterministiske modell.
Funnene i denne avhandlingen har betydelige implikasjoner for modellering av energisystemer og politisk beslutningstaking i Bolivia. Undersøkelsen av effektene av drivstoffsubsidier viser at de potensielle besparelsene fra reduksjonen av disse kan finansiere de nødvendige investeringene for en bærekraftig energiomstilling, når subsidene viser seg å overgå 5 milliarder euro. Den vellykkede implementeringen av pålitelighetsverktøyet i PyPSA-Earth-BO gir en første indikasjon på viktigheten av investeringer i strømnettet for å forbedre påliteligheten til det modellerte kraftsystemet. Når man sammenligner PyPSA-Earth-BO og EMPIRE, blir betydelige avveininger mellom deres modelleringsmetoder tydelige. PyPSA-Earth-BO har en tendens til å være overoptimistisk om potensialet for fornybar energi, mens EMPIRE påvirkes av svært forenklede lastflytsbegrensninger. PyPSA-Earth-BO gir en mer detaljert utvidelse av strømnettet og lokal strømgenerering, og fremhever fordelene ved sin høyoppløste modellering. I kontrast tilbyr EMPIRE en mer robust investeringsstrategi som tar hensyn til både variasjon og usikkerhet knyttet til vær, og viser sin styrke i langsiktig strategisk planlegging.As developing countries navigate the complex landscape of the energy transition, they face unique challenges such as financial constraints, infrastructural limitations, and reliance on fossil fuels. In this context, open-source energy system models emerge as essential tools for facilitating informed decision-making, balancing numerous factors while ensuring transparency.
This thesis focuses on addressing critical research questions related to modeling and analyzing the Bolivian power system using and extending open-source tools. The primary objectives are to enhance the representation of Bolivia's energy infrastructure in the PyPSA-Earth-BO model, investigate the impact of natural gas subsidies, implement a reliability assessment tool, and integrate the Bolivian power system into the EMPIRE model for comparative analysis.
The first study significantly improves the accuracy of the PyPSA-Earth-BO model by enhancing the spatial representation, critically improving the input data, and implementing constraints aimed at ensuring a more realistic output. This enables a comprehensive analysis of the impact of natural gas subsidies on Bolivia's energy transition. The second study introduces a composite system adequacy assessment tool to evaluate the reliability of Bolivia's future power system leveraging Monte Carlo simulation, facilitating an investigation and discussion surrounding the critical nodes and components of the model used to represent Bolivia in 2040. The third study successfully integrates the Bolivian power system into the EMPIRE model, enabling a comparative analysis between its multi-horizon stochastic programming approach and PyPSA-Earth's single-period deterministic model.
The findings of this thesis have significant implications for energy system modeling and policy decision-making in Bolivia and beyond. Examining the effects of fuel subsidies which succeeded 5 billion euro, shows that the potential savings from their reduction can adequately finance the investments necessary for a sustainable energy transition. The successful implementation of the reliability tool in PyPSA-Earth-BO provides preliminary insights into the importance of transmission grid investments to improve the system adequacy of the modeled power system. When comparing PyPSA-Earth-BO and EMPIRE, significant trade-offs between their modeling approaches become evident. PyPSA-Earth-BO tends to be overly optimistic about renewable energy potential, while EMPIRE grapples with highly approximated load flow restrictions. PyPSA-Earth-BO provides a more detailed transmission line expansion and local generation distribution, highlighting the advantages of its high-resolution modeling. In contrast, EMPIRE offers a more robust investment strategy that accounts for both weather variation and weather uncertainty, showcasing its strength in long-term strategic planning
L’année de Bacchus d’El Mostafa Bouignane entre devoir de la mémoire et exaltation de la vie
No full textThis study will discuss the approach to the structure and narrative composition of the novel entitled L\u27année de Bacchus by Mostafa Bouignane, published by Virgule Editions in 2020. This text adds to a series of stories of which Bouignane constructs a narrative universe to reveal the nature of man who, even submissive and reduced, remains capable of regaining his freedom and leading a peaceful life. Thus, our study will propose an analysis of the ideological and historical dimension of this text representative of the literary experience of the author, then at the end the questioning of his human and moral values
Cataglyphis laylae Cedric A. Collingwood & Donat Agosti & Mostafa R. Sharaf & Antonius van Harten 2011, nov. spec.
No full textCataglyphis laylae Collingwood nov. spec. Plates 96–103 Cataglyphis desertorum Forel, 1894, teste Collingwood, 1985; unavailable name according to Agosti (1990). Specimens examined: Holotype: 1 ☿, United Arab Emirates, al-Ain [24°13'N 55°46'E], iii.1995, leg. C.A. Collingwood (MHNG). Paratypes: 3 ☿, al-Ain zoo, 13.iii.2005, CAC. 1 ☿, Remah, 9.iii.1995, CCA. 3 ☿, Remah, resthouse, 250 m, irrigated sand dune [24°10'37"N 55°18'6"E], 18.iii.1995, leg. D. Agosti. 6 ☿, Remah, resthouse, 250 m, irrigated sand dune, nest with one entrance, [24°10'37"N, 55°18'6"E], 18.iii.1995, leg. D. Agosti. 1 ☿, Sharjah Desert Park, 5–6.x.2004, AvH; 1 ☿, 3.iii.2005, CAC. 1 ☿, al- Za'aba, 100 m, sandy soil with Rhaisa stricta [23°43'20"N, 55°33'49"E], 22.iii.1995, leg. D. Agosti. Description: A large worker from al-Ain was selected as holotype. The measurements are as follows: total length 8.40; head width 3.60; head length 4.20; scape length 3.84; funicular segment I 0.40; funicular segment II 0.23; petiole length 1.10; petiole width 0.72. Colour dark reddish brown. There are no exterior hairs on the scapes or hind tibia. The gaster, petiole and propodeum have dorsal hairs. Remarks: This species thought to correspond with C. desertorum has to be described as a new species. In fact it is one of the commonest Cataglyphis in southern Arabia. The main distinguishing feature compared with other dark Cataglyphis is the slender petiole, which has the anterior face more sloped than in other similar species such as C. niger (André, 1882) and C. savignyi (Dufour, 1862). Biology: Cataglyphus laylae nov. spec. does not appear to occur in open sandy desert and is most abundant in disturbed habitats such as man-developed plantations and open cultivated fields. Distribution: This species was recorded by Collingwood (1985) as C. desertorum from Saudi Arabia and Oman and as Cataglyphis spec. by Collingwood & Agosti (1996). Etymology: The new species is named after a village settlement called “Layla”, just north of Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) in the area where the author (CAC) first encountered it in numbers in an Acacia plantation.Published as part of Cedric A. Collingwood, Donat Agosti, Mostafa R. Sharaf & Antonius van Harten, 2011, Order Hymenoptera, family Formicidae, pp. 1-70 in Arthropod fauna of the UAE 4 on page 54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.116858
Digital amplification for pathogen detection in bloodstream infections from whole blood
Get PDFSensitive and specific detection of bacteria is essential for control and treatment of bloodstream infections. Sepsis, a diagnostic challenge of blood stream infections, causes thousands of deaths each year. The gold standard for detection and identification of microorganisms is blood culture, which can take up to 5 days to yield a diagnosis or a negative result. Molecular diagnostic methods and nucleic acid assays developed to detect pathogens often require enrichment through blood culture prior to DNA extraction. Nonetheless, state of the art diagnostic tests that detect pathogens directly from blood are available with limitations. Increased amount of sample processing and purification is required before detection of pathogens and turnaround time to results can be up to 8 hours. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity of such assays are broad in range. Thus, there is a need for a rapid detection method that can identify pathogens from whole blood within 1-2 hours, with minimal sample processing and high sensitivity and specificity.
In this work, we demonstrate detection of bacterial pathogens from whole blood through loop mediated isothermal amplification without the steps of DNA purification and extraction. Whole blood with pathogens is dried to tubes, creating separated phases of the cellular debris of blood from the amplification reaction and allowing for separation of background human DNA from target DNA as well as better detection of amplicons that are not masked by red blood cells. We show that this method is robust, having a detection limit of 1 cfu of pathogens in 4uL of whole blood. In preparation of processing higher blood volumes in a digital amplification method, we also show characterization experiments and preliminary results of amplification of pathogens from whole blood on chip.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-12-01The student, Ariana Mostafa, accepted the attached license on 2019-12-04 at 05:15.The student, Ariana Mostafa, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-12-04 at 05:29.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-12-05 at 09:04.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14686 on 2020-02-28 at 17:23:14Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-02T22:15:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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The Egyptian Military in Popular Culture:Context and Critique
No full textThis book examines a key question through the lens of popular culture: Why did the Egyptian people opt to elect in June 2014 a new president (Abdel Fattah al-Sisi), who hails from the military establishment, after toppling a previous military dictator (Hosni Mubarak) with the breakout of the 25 January 2011 Revolution? In order to dissect this question, the author considers the complexity of the relationship between the Egyptian people and their national army, and how popular cultural products play a pivotal role in reinforcing or subverting this relationship. The author takes the reader on a ‘journey’ through crucial historical and political events in Egypt whilst focusing on multi-layered representations of the ‘military figure’ (the military leader, the heroic soldier, the freedom fighter, the conscript, the martyred soldier, and the Intelligence officer) in a wide range of popular works in literature, film, song, TV drama series, and graffiti art. Mostafa argues that the realm of popular culture in Egypt serves as the ‘blood veins’ which feed the nation’s perception of its Armed Forces
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