1,371 research outputs found
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No full textdip nsaying They say every man has three dips each season, so I have one more to come. Author falls in while sealing, 8 Mar.PRINTED ITEM DNE SupJUN 20 1988 WKG.M.Storyused Iused IWithdrawnform used but not sens
SATURATION DIP SPECTROSCOPY IN THE CENTIMETER REGION
No full textAuthor Institution: Division of Physics, National Research Council of CanadaA high resolution spectrometer has been constructed which achieves a resolving power of at 36 GHz using the Lamp dip technique. Some of the design requirements will be discussed along with current results
A case study integrating numerical simulation and GB-InSAR monitoring to analyze flexural toppling of an anti-dip slope in Fushun open pit
No full textToppling failure of rock slopes is a complicated mode due to a combination of both continuous and discontinuous deformation, especially in dealing with anti-dip rock slopes. In this paper, a novel continuum-based discrete element method (CDEM), which is useful in modeling the entire progressive process from continuous to discontinuous deformation, is proposed to analyze the deformation characteristics, the failure mechanism and the evolution process of a large-scale open pit slope with a typical anti-dip structure. To simulate the slope deformation, the shear strength reduction method (SSR) is adopted to represent the strength degradation of rock mass in the deterioration process. The simulated results are validated using data obtained from a field investigation and continuous monitoring by employing an advanced remote sensing technique called ground-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar (GB-InSAR). To analyze the evolution trend of the anti-dip slope, the subsequent toppling failure mode is predicted using the validated CDEM models. Based on a case study of a slope at the Fushun open pit mine (in Fushun, China), the unique geological structure with various joints and discontinuities, ground-water, intense rainfall, and mining activities are identified as the main triggers for different failure stages. The comparison between the field data and the simulation shows that CDEM accurately depicts the rock deformation and the failure pattern of the studied slope. The proposed numerical modeling techniques can be used for predicting failures of other similar excavated rock slopes. The simulated evolution process and the recorded deformation patterns help engineers to gain a better understanding of rock mass movement of anti-dip slopes, and the presented methodology could be utilized for similar studies and engineering designs. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
The Effects of Dip and Distraction on Consumption of Vegetables in Adults
No full textabstract: Increasing vegetable consumption among the adult population is a major goal, as the health benefits of vegetables can decrease one's risk of heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and obesity. The current study examined a potential strategy to increase consumption of vegetables by pairing them with a dip and a TV distraction. Based upon results of previous, similar research studies (Blass et al., 2006; Fisher et al., 2012; Johnston et al., 2012; Mittal, Stevenson, Oaten, & Miller, 2011), we hypothesized that eating vegetables with dip or while distracted with a television sitcom would result in increased consumption. We also hypothesized that both dip and a distraction together will synergistically increase vegetable consumption. A total of 126 college students were assigned to one of four conditions: eating vegetables with dip, with dip and a television distractor, with only a television distractor, or without either dip or a television distractor. While television had no significant influence on vegetable consumption, pairing vegetables with a dip significantly increased consumption of vegetables. Pairing vegetables with a dip may prove to be an effective strategy for increasing vegetable intake in the adult population
Setaria viridis floral-dip: A simple and rapid Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method
No full textAbstractSetaria viridis was recently described as a new monocotyledonous model species for C4 photosynthesis research and genetic transformation. It has biological attributes (rapid life cycle, small genome, diploid, short stature and simple growth requirements) that make it suitable for use as a model plant. We report an alternative method of S. viridis transformation using floral dip to circumvent the necessity of tissue culture phase for transgenic plant regeneration. S. viridis spikes at boot stage were selected to be immersed in Agrobacterium suspension. T1 seeds could be identified in 1.5–2 months after floral dipping. We demonstrated through molecular analysis and RFP expression that seeds and resulting plants from dipped inflorescences were transformed. Our results suggest the feasibility of S. viridis floral dip transformation as a time-saving and cost-effective compared with traditional methods. To our knowledge, this is the first report using floral dip in S. viridis as an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method
Corrosion resistance of hot-dip galvanized steel in simulated soil solution: A factorial design and pit chemistry study
No full textThe soil corrosion of widely applied galvanized steel structures, such as power transmission towers, must be considered to prevent harm to their structural integrity and to mitigate the high costs associated with early failure. A full two-level factorial design was used to evaluate the relative significance of various influencing factors on the underground corrosion of hot-dip galvanized steel. Experiments were performed in simulated soil solutions. The effects of temperature and the concentrations of chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate and citric acid were evaluated using statistical analysis of the results. Using analysis of variance, temperature, citric acid and chloride were found to be individually significant. Also, temperature/citric acid and temperature/chloride significantly interacted to increase the corrosion rate. The lead-in pencil electrode technique was used to further evaluate the impact of the above mentioned factors on the dissolution behavior of the Zn coating. The results revealed that chloride and citric acid affect salt film formation at the pit bottom, while temperature alters the dissolution kinetics by changing the diffusion coefficient of the dissolving Zn(II) species. Moreover, the effect of bulk solution dissolved oxygen concentration on the corrosion rate of the galvanized steel was modeled. It was found that oxygen concentration does not have a dominant effect on the overall corrosion behavior of galvanized steel. Rather, the effect of temperature is dominant.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.(OLD) MSE-
Advanced Control of Coating Weight in a Hot-Dip Galvanizing Line: An adaptive time delay compensation strategy
No full textFlat steel strip processing is carried out through a sequence of continuous methods, commonly recognized as hot rolling, pickling, cold rolling, annealing, and hot-dip galvanizing. Among all these processes, hot-dip galvanizing is a process that has been popularly used to produce high quality galvanized cold-rolled sheets that are extensively used in the manufacture of automobile and domestic electrical appliances. In particular, the main objective of galvanizing is to protect the steel strip from corrosion by applying a suitable coating of zinc-based alloy. During hot-dip galvanization, the steel strip after leaving the annealing furnace is dipped into a bath of molten zinc, enabling the formation of zinc coating. The amount of this coating is controlled by the widely used air-knife wiping system installed just above the zinc bath. The coating thickness obtained after the wiping process depends mainly on the strip speed, wiping gas pressure, and strip-to-knife distance. After a significant distance from the air knives, the cold coating gauge is located to measure the thickness of the zinc coating. The quality of the product depends on the amount of zinc-based alloy deposited at the strip's surface. The over-deposition of zinc at the strip surface results in excessive use of zinc, which is expensive, and under-coated strip results in a product of poor quality. The control of the coating deposition is based on the air-knife wiping pressure, and therefore, the challenge is to determine and control the pressure, given the operating conditions, which are the strip speed, strip-to-knife distance, and the target coating thickness.One of the main concerns in the closed-loop control of coating thickness is the need to account for the measurement delay arising from the time-varying strip speed across the gap between the air knives and the cold coating gauge. In this thesis, different modeling and control strategies have been studied to improve the quality of the galvanized sheet produced at Hot-dip Galvanizing Line 1 (HDGL1) of Tata Steel in IJmuiden.Mechanical Engineering | Systems and Contro
Tube-wave Generation Due to Permeable Layers in a VSP Experiment: A New Model Elucidating the Effect of Dip Angles
No full textThe hydraulic properties of subsurface fractures are critically important in the exploration of geothermal and hydrocarbon reservoirs. The analysis of tube waves (low-frequency Stoneley waves propagating along a fluidfilled borehole) is a promising approach to estimate the hydraulic properties of fractures intersecting a borehole. We present a new model for tube-wave generation in a borehole (VSP) by a permeable structure characterized by certain values of porosity and permeability. Contrary to the conventional theory, the new model accounts for the layer stiffness in the deformation process and it is valid for the large tube-wave amplitude. For the first time, it was possible to show a clear connection between the permeable-layer model and the parallel-wall open fracture model developed earlier. The generated tube-wave amplitudes well correspond to those of the multiple open fractures. Furthermore, the effect of large dip angles is extensively discussed. The approximate solution (the Mathieu functions) and the numerical modeling results (FEM) reveal that the effect of the dip angle is significant for a thick structure and large dip angles. The developed theory is important to evaluate field data which contain the effects of tube waves due to dipping permeable layers, e.g., cataclasite layers and fault gouges.Applied Geophysics and Petrophysic
Investigating the use of dip-coating and angle dependent dip-coating for deposition and synthesis of CZTS thin films for use in PV applications
No full textCZTS thin films were synthesized, with fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) on soda-lime glass (SLG) as a substrate, by means of dip-coating and angle dependent dip-coating. The experimental procedure involved using thiourea as a solution-based sulfur source for the formation of CZTS and deposited samples were annealed at 500 C in argon atmosphere for different annealing times. The effect of withdrawal speed and annealing time was investigated for conventional dip-coating, while the effect of dip angle as well as annealing time was investigated for angle dependent dip-coating. Characterization of thin films was performed with Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visual spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging, as well as electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). The thickness of the depositions were found to increase with increased withdrawal speed and the film quality was highly dependent on the annealing time. The samples produced from conventional dip-coating reached a maximum thickness of around 790 nm after two depositions annealed 12 h for each layer, and showed an even distribution of elements but a noticeable surface porosity. The film had a estimated bandgap value of 1.31 eV, with sodium present in the sample which was believed to have been a result of diffusion from the SLG layer and the possible presence of ZnS in the bulk structure. The samples produced from angle dependent dip-coating reached a maximum thickness of around 900 nm after two depositions annealed 0.5 h for the first layer and 6 h for the second layer. The result was a compact surface with little to no crystallites on the surface, believed to have been Cu2SnS3 phases. The film has an estimated bandgap value of 1.52 eV and even distributions of elements with a small amount of sodium present. ZnS phases in the bulk structure were still a possibility. The experimental procedure involving the use of angle dependent dip-coating was deemed a success, considering this being the first work known to the author that employs said method for CZTS thin film synthesis
Investigating the use of dip-coating and angle dependent dip-coating for deposition and synthesis of CZTS thin films for use in PV applications
No full textCZTS thin films were synthesized, with fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) on soda-lime glass (SLG) as a substrate, by means of dip-coating and angle dependent dip-coating. The experimental procedure involved using thiourea as a solution-based sulfur source for the formation of CZTS and deposited samples were annealed at 500 C in argon atmosphere for different annealing times. The effect of withdrawal speed and annealing time was investigated for conventional dip-coating, while the effect of dip angle as well as annealing time was investigated for angle dependent dip-coating. Characterization of thin films was performed with Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visual spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging, as well as electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). The thickness of the depositions were found to increase with increased withdrawal speed and the film quality was highly dependent on the annealing time. The samples produced from conventional dip-coating reached a maximum thickness of around 790 nm after two depositions annealed 12 h for each layer, and showed an even distribution of elements but a noticeable surface porosity. The film had a estimated bandgap value of 1.31 eV, with sodium present in the sample which was believed to have been a result of diffusion from the SLG layer and the possible presence of ZnS in the bulk structure. The samples produced from angle dependent dip-coating reached a maximum thickness of around 900 nm after two depositions annealed 0.5 h for the first layer and 6 h for the second layer. The result was a compact surface with little to no crystallites on the surface, believed to have been Cu2SnS3 phases. The film has an estimated bandgap value of 1.52 eV and even distributions of elements with a small amount of sodium present. ZnS phases in the bulk structure were still a possibility. The experimental procedure involving the use of angle dependent dip-coating was deemed a success, considering this being the first work known to the author that employs said method for CZTS thin film synthesis
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