54 research outputs found
Biosensor Optik Berbasis Inhibisi Asetilkolinesterase untuk Deteksi Pestisida Golongan Karbamat pada Sayuran
No full textPemberian pestisida merupakan salah satu upaya yang dilakukan oleh para
petani untuk meningkatkan produksi pertanian mereka dengan tujuan agar
tanaman tidak dirusak oleh hama. Pada praktik di lapangan masih banyak petani
yang menggunakan pestisida, meskipun telah diterapkannya Pengendalian Hama
Terpadu (PHT) (Munarso dkk., 2009). Di daerah Kabupaten Jember, pestisida
yang banyak digunakan adalah golongan karbamat. Pestisida dapat memberikan
dampak berupa kematian karena kejang bronkus, dehidrasi, paralisis otot
pernafasan hingga menyebabkan kelumpuhan jika dikonsumsi dalam waktu yang
lama (Wispriyono dkk., 2013). Berdasarkan penelitian (Mutiatikum, 2009)
didapatkan penggunaan pestisida terutama karbamat pada produk pertanian
sebesar 0,0296 - 0,0755 mg/kg, sedangkan Batas Maksimum Residu (BMR) untuk
pestisida karbamat sebesar 0,01 mg/kg/hari
Pesticide Residues Impact on Drinking Water and Farmers Using Environmental Health Risk Assessment Study (EHRA)
Get PDFPublic health problems and decreased environmental health can be caused by pesticides because they are dangerous toxic substances. Pesticides have had a risky impact on farmers in Jonggol village. Assessing the risk of pesticide exposure to drinking water sources in agricultural areas in Jonggol village in 2022 is the aim of this study. The research used the Environmental Health Risk Assessment study. Conducting interviews with questionnaires, measuring pesticides in drinking water sources, and observing are part of the research data collection. The results of research conducted at 3 points only found pesticides at the first point, namely in the well water in Kampung Kujang with a value above the standard of 0.0855 mg/l the location is only 2 m from the agriculture. In the next two points, namely well water in Karni village and river water in Bengkok village, no pesticides were detected and the distance from the agriculture was 20 m. Most of the water from wells in agricultural areas is consumed by farmers for drinking. The calculation result was 0.00246 mg/kg/day for non-carcinogenic intake values (real-time) and 0.001056 mg/kg/day for carcinogenic intake values (real-time). The results showed there was no non-carcinogenic risk with RQ value of ≤ 1 with a value of characteristics of non-carcinogenic risk was 0.246. The conclusion is that both in real-time and in a lifetime, farmers in Jonggol village are already at risk. The risk of health problems for farmers can be reduced by the importance of protecting farmers by carrying out risk management
Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Pajanan Inhalasi Debu Particulate Matter 2.5 pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Kota Depok Tahun 2018
Get PDFParticulate Matter2.5 is becoming international concern due to its unique nature. With a size less than 25 microns, these pollutants can penetrate deep to the alveoli. Consisting of a variety of materials and capable of plastering by toxic chemical pollutants, the toxicity of PM2.5 cannot yet be determined with certainty. One of the important sources of PM2.5 is the road traffic. Populations close to the source of exposure will have potential hazards, one place with a densely populated such as school. Schools close to the highway may be the site of exposure to students with PM2.5. Students are vulnerable group that inhale more concentrations of pollutants than adults, a risk analysis of PM2 exposure to school students is required. The daily intake of PM2.5 students is in the range of 7.30 × 10-5-14.4 × 10-4 mg / kg / day, the calculation of non carcinogenic risk is 0.02-0.36, this range is below the value of 1 so it can be that the hazards are not considered a threat to public health
Hubungan Konsentrasi Formaldehid Dalam Ruang dengan Gangguan Fungsi Paru Obstruktif pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Depok
No full textLatar Belakang. Salah satu polutan indoor yang menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat adalah formaldehid. Pemajanan formaldehid dalam ruang dapat menyebabkan gangguan fungsi paru. Anak-anak dan remaja menghabiskan sebagian besar waktunya di lingkungan indoor terutama di sekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara konsentrasi formaldehid dalam ruang dengan gangguan fungsi paru obstruktif pada siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Depok. Metode. Studi cross-sectional dilakukan di tiga SMP Depok. Sampel penelitian adalah 150 siswa yang diambil dengan multistage sampling. Pengukuran konsentrasi formaldehid menggunakan FormaldemeterTM htv dan kondisi fungsi paru diperoleh melalui pemeriksaan dengan spirometer. Hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata konsentrasi formaldehid adalah 0,038 ppm dan fungsi paru (FEV1/FVC) siswa SMP di Depok yaitu 94,31%. Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi formaldehid dalam ruang dengan gangguan fungsi paru obstruktif. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor risiko lain (status gizi, aktivitas fisik, perilaku merokok, perokok dalam rumah, dan penggunaan obat nyamuk) dengan gangguan fungsi paru obstruktif. Siswa dengan aktivitas fisik yang rendah berisi-ko 1,253 kali mengalami gangguan fungsi paru obstruktif dibandingkan siswa yang aktivitas fisiknya cukup (CI: 0,203-7,725). Siswa yang menggunakan obat nyamuk berisiko 1,898 kali mengalami gangguan fungsi paru obstruktif dibandingkan dengan siswa yang tidak menggunakan obat nyamuk (CI: 0,308-11,705). Simpulan. Konsentrasi formaldehid pada SMP di Depok masih berada di bawah Nilai Ambang Batas. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan dengan gejala kesehatan lain yang disebabkan oleh pajanan formaldehid dan uji fungsi paru jenis lainnya.Kata Kunci: formaldehid, gangguan paru obstruktif, kualitas udara sekola
Hubungan Konsentrasi Formaldehid dalam Ruang dengan Gangguan Fungsi Paru Obstruktif pada Siswa Sekolah Menangah Pertama di Depok
Get PDFOne of indoor pollutants that is a public health problem is formaldehyde. Formaldehyde exposure may cause lung function impairment. Children and adolescents spend most of their time in indoor environments, especially in schools. The objective of this research is to examine the association between indoor formaldehyde concentrations with obstructive pulmonary function impairment among Junior High School students in Depok. Cross-sectional studies were conducted at three SMP in Depok. Measurement of formaldehyde concentrations using direct reading FormaldemeterTM htv and condition of lung function obtained through inspection with spirometer. Sample of research is 150 students taken with multistage sampling. The results showed that mean value of formaldehyde concentration is 0,038 ppm and mean lung function (FEV1 / FVC) of Junior High School students in Depok was 94,31%. There was no significant association between indoor formaldehyde concentrations with obstructive pulmonary function impairment. There was no significant association between other risk factors (nutritional status, physical activity, smoking behavior, smokers in the house and the use of mosquito repellent) with obstructive pulmonary function impairment. Students with low physical activity at risk 1,253 times higher to experience obstructive pulmonary function impairment than students with moderate physical activity (CI: 0.203-7.725). Students using mosquito repellent at risk 1,898 times higher than did not use mosquito repellent (CI: 0,308-11,705). The concentration of formaldehyde at SMP in Depok remained below the Threshold Value. It is strongly recommended to do further research with other health symptoms caused by formaldehyde exposure and other types of lung function
Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Pajanan Inhalasi Debu Particulate Matter 2.5 pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Kota Depok Tahun 2018
Get PDFParticulate Matter2.5 merupakan polutan yang menjadi perhatian karena sifatnya yang unik. Dengan ukuran kurang dari 25 mikron, polutan ini dapat masuk hingga alveoli. Terdiri dari berbagai bahan dan mampu ditempeli oleh polutan kimia toksik, toksisitas PM2.5 belum dapat ditentukan secara pasti. Salah satu sumber PM2.5 yang penting yaitu jalan raya. Populasi yang dekat dengan sumber pajanan akan memiliki potensi bahaya, salah satu tempat dengan populasi yang padat yaitu sekolah. Sekolah yang dekat dengan jalan raya dapat menjadi tempat terpajannya siswa dengan PM2.5. Siswa merupakan kelompok rentan yang menghirup lebih banyak konsentrasi polutan dibandingkan dengan orang dewasa, diperlukan suatu analisis risiko kesehatan pajanan PM2.5 pada siswa sekolah. Asupan harian PM2.5 siswa berada pada rentang 7.30×10-5-14.4×10-4 mg/kg/hari, perhitungan risiko non karsinogenik bernilai dari 0.02-0.36 rentang ini berada dibawah nilai 1 sehingga dapat dikatakan aman.Kata Kunci: Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan, Particulate Matter 2.5, Sekolah Seha
NITRATE EXPOSURE IN DRINKING WATER AND CANCER RISK: LITERATURE REVIEW
No full textBackground:
Nitrate is a contaminant in water sources and it can be found in surface water and groundwater. Nitrate enter the body through consumption of water and food that contain nitrate. Nitrate may cause cancer, because there are still few studies that report the relationship between nitrate and the risk of cancer. This study aims to review the relationship between the nitrate exposure and risk of various types of cancer based on the results of previous studies.
Subject and Method: the method is literature review with a database of PUB MED and SCOPUS, using a systematic search strategy and in accordance with the criteria determined at the start of the study. The article used is a research article with information related to nitrate exposure from drinking water sources and its health effects, namely cancer, published in 2010-2020.
Results: A total of 96 literatures are searched from database, 9 studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected for analysis. The selected studies used case control study design (3 articles) and cohort (6 articles).
Conclusion: Most studies report that there are positive association between nitrate consumption in drinking water and the risk of developing colorectal, bladder, kidney, gastrointestinal, ovarian and thyroid cancer
Estimasi Risiko Kesehatan Pajanan Besi dan Mangan pada Air Tanah sebagai Air Minum Masyarakat di Kota Depok, Jawa Barat (Hasil Survei Kualitas Air BPP PDAM Tirta Asasta Kota Depok 2018)
No full textLatar Belakang. Air tanah berperan penting sebagai sumber pemenuhan air bersih dan air minum sehari-hari di Kota Depok. Air tanah dianggap memiliki kualitas alami yang baik, namun tidak berarti semua air tanah berkualitas baik. Besi dan mangan merupakan logam esensial dan juga toksik yang sering ditemukan pada air tanah. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) yang bertujuan untuk mengestimasi tingkat risiko pajanan besi dan mangan pada air tanah sebagai air minum. Pengumpulan data konsentrasi besi dan mangan didapatkan dari data hasil survei kualitas air tanah oleh BPP PDAM Tirta Asasta Kota Depok tahun 2018 sebanyak 63 sampel. Data lainnya, antropometri, laju aktivitas, dan pola konsumsi air minum didapatkan dari wawancara menggunakan kuesioner dan pengukuran berat badan secara langsung di rumah 63 responden. Hasil. Hasil analisis konsentrasi besi dan mangan menunjukkan hanya terdapat 18 sampel yang melebihi baku mutu konsentrasi mangan menurut Permenkes 492/2010. Jumlah estimasi asupan besi dan mangan masing-masing 5,02059 x 10-4 mg/kg/hari dan 5,52265 x 10-3 mg/kg/hari. Sedangkan RQ non karsinogenik besi dan mangan masing-masing 0,00072 dan 0,03945 yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak berisiko atau aman. Simpulan. Hasil analisa lebih lanjut menemukan bahwa asupan harian besi dan mangan menurut umur dan jenis kelamin dikategorikan defisiensi (Asupan besi dan mangan<AKG dan <DRI).Kata Kunci:Air Minum; Air Tanah; Risiko Kesehatan; Pajanan Besi; Manga
Hubungan Kondisi Rumah dan Kepadatan Lalat di Sekitar Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sampah
Get PDFBackground: People who live in a poor condition of house or in a bad environment quality can attract flies to thrive and transmit disease. In the protection against disease, the house should have safe and clean facilities and being prevented from vector that has role in transmitting the disease, such as housefly. Residential area in Cipayung village, especially around final waste disposal (TPA) Cipayung, Depok with a radius of 200 meters from the landfill of final waste disposal has the potential to become perching place of housefly, because of flight range of housefly can reach around 200-1000 meters. Method: This research is done by a cross sectional study design that aims to determine relation between house condition with the density of housefly. Results: The results showed that there was no significant relation between house criteria with housefly density inside house with p-value 0.659 (OR 0.7; 95% CI: 0.136 to 3.920), however there is a significant relation between house criteria with housefly density outside house, house with unhealthy house criteria has risk 4.2 times higher houseflies density rather than house with healthy house criteria p-value 0.011, (OR 4.273; 95% CI: 1.414 -12.909). Conclusion: Housefly control can be executed through making healthy housing and environmental
ESTIMASI RISIKO KESEHATAN PAJANAN BESI DAN MANGAN PADA AIR TANAH SEBAGAI AIR MINUM MASYARAKAT DI KOTA DEPOK, JAWA BARAT (HASIL SURVEI KUALITAS AIR BPP PDAM TIRTA ASASTA KOTA DEPOK 2018)
Get PDFBackground. Groundwater plays an important role as a source of fulfillment of daily clean water and drinking water in Depok City. Groundwater is considered to have good natural qualities, but that does not mean that all groundwater is good quality. Iron and manganese are essential but also toxic metals that are often found in groundwater. Methods. This study uses the Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) method which aims to estimate the level of iron and manganese risk exposure in groundwater as drinking water. Data collection of iron and manganese concentration was obtained from groundwater quality survey results by BPP PDAM Tirta Asasta Depok City in 2018 as many as 63 samples. Other data, anthropometry, activity rates, and drinking water consumption rates were obtained from interviews using questionnaires and measurement of body weight directly in the homes of 63 respondents. Results. The result of the analysis of iron and manganese concentration showed that there were 18 samples that exceeded the standar quality of manganese according to Permenkes 492/2010. The estimated amount of iron and manganese intake is 5,02059 x 10-4 mg / kg / day and 5.52265 x 10-3 mg / kg / day, respectively. Whereas non-carcinogenic RQ of iron and manganese were 0,00072 and 0,03945 respectively which indicated that they were safe. Conclusions. Further analysis found that daily intake of iron and manganese according to age and sex categorized as deficiency (intake of iron and manganes
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