6 research outputs found
The comparison pack carburizing-nitriding SUS 316 with gas type Welding Grade and Ultra High Purity
Get PDFThe paper discusses the comparison of pack carburizing-nitriding SUS 316 with gas Nitrogen. The purpose of this study was to increase the hardness and corrosion resistance of SUS 316.
The research used a pack carburizing-nitriding method with gas type Welding Grade (WG) and Ultra High Purity (UHP). The pack carburizing process uses teak wood activated carbon and barium carbonate as a bio-photo catalyst. The specimens were put into a Sealed Steel Container containing teak wood activated carbon, with a depth of 1 cm below the activated carbon's surface. The test material is then heated until it reaches 850 °C and is held for 1 hour in a heating furnace. Furthermore, the nitriding process, the specimen is put into a tightly closed nitrogen tube, then nitrogen gas flows until the pressure reaches 41 bar and is held for 24 hours. They are using Welding Grade (WG) and Ultra High Purity (UHP) gas types. Furthermore, microVickers hardness testing, optical microscope, and Scan Electron Microscope (SEM) were carried out.
The results of the study include a. There was an increase in violence by 41.7 % for UHP and WG (17.3 %). b. The formation of nitride compounds and carbon dissipation on the specimen surface in the UHP carburizing-nitriding pack treatment is more than WG. The formation of a nitride layer is indicated by its fine and dense morphology and film bonding to the substrate. The chemical composition affects the diffusivity of nitrogen atoms in modifying the surface layer of the substrate. The higher the nitride compound formed, the smoother the substrate surface. Also, with UHP treatment, the lower the elemental content of Cr makes SUS 316 more resistant to corrosion. So that SUS 316 UHP can be recommended for use as an implant materia
Photocatalytic Decolorization of Acid Red 4 Azo Dye by Using Immobilized TiO2 Microparticle and Nanoparticle Catalysts
No full textThis research studied the synthesis of immobilized TiO2 microparticle and nanoparticle catalyst materials and evaluated its photocatalytic activity on the decolorization of Acid Red 4 (AR4) azo dye solution. TiO2 microparticles were immobilized on an acrylic plate, while TiO2 nanoparticles were immobilised on a glass plate. TiO2 nanoparticles were embedded in a nanofiber support layer to enhance photocatalytic performance, forming a nanofiber-nanoparticle composite on the glass plate. In the catalyst load 2.0 g/l, the performance of the photocatalytic layer of immobilized catalyst (k '= 0.013 min-1) is better than that of the suspended catalyst (k' = 0.008 min-1). Photocatalytic decolorization efficiency of TiO2 immobilized catalysts of nanoparticle sized reached 82.3% in irradiation time of 2 hours, which is higher than microparticle sized catalysts (77.8%). The technique of TiO2 nanofiber–nanoparticle composite showed improved photocatalytic kinetics (k’= 0.018 min-1) compared to a single layer of nanoparticle catalyst (k'= 0.015 min-1). Immobilized TiO2 catalysts remain effective with repeated use despite a slight decrease in processing efficiency
Photocatalytic Decolorization of Acid Red 4 Azo Dye by Using Immobilized TiO2 Microparticle and Nanoparticle Catalysts
Get PDFThis research studied the synthesis of immobilized TiO2 microparticle and nanoparticle catalyst materials and evaluated its photocatalytic activity on the decolorization of Acid Red 4 (AR4) azo dye solution. TiO2 microparticles were immobilized on an acrylic plate, while TiO2 nanoparticles were immobilised on a glass plate. TiO2 nanoparticles were embedded in a nanofiber support layer to enhance photocatalytic performance, forming a nanofiber-nanoparticle composite on the glass plate. In the catalyst load 2.0 g/l, the performance of the photocatalytic layer of immobilized catalyst (k \u27= 0.013/min) was better than that of the suspended catalyst (k\u27 = 0.008/min). Photocatalytic decolorization efficiency of TiO2 immobilized catalysts of nanoparticle sized reached 82.3% in irradiation time of 2 hours, which was higher than microparticle sized catalysts (77.8%). The technique of TiO2 nanofiber–nanoparticle composite showed improved photocatalytic kinetics (k’= 0.018/min) compared to a single layer of nanoparticle catalyst (k\u27= 0.015/min). Immobilized TiO2 catalysts remain effective with repeated use despite a slight decrease in processing efficiency
Analisis Strategis Kinerja Industri Kecil di Pemko Lhokseumawe - Propinsi Aceh
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa tipe dan karakteristik strategi untuk meningkatkan kinerja industri kecil di Pemko Lhokseumawe Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. Dalam penelitian ini yang menjadi dasar analisis dalam tipe dan karakteristik strategi Miles dan Snow. Variabel dan indikator tipologi tersebut adalah : Prospector, dengan indikatornya adalah produk baru yang pertama, pemimpin pasar dan fleksibelitas. Defender, dengan indikatornya adalah produk yang terfokus, pasar yang terfokus dan efisiensi. Analyzer, indikatornya adalah produk yang berkesinambungan, penganalis pasar dan pengalis pesaing. Reactor, dengan indikatornya adalah produk yang sesuai dengan tekanan lingkungan, pasar sesuai dengan pesaing dan kurang baik dalam strategi persaingan .Jumlah sampel yang digunakan 160 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keempat tipologi strategi tersebut telah dijalankan oleh industri kecil di Pemko Lhokseumawe dengan perbandingan 30 responden menggunakan tipe strategi prospector, 67 responden menggunakan tipe strategi defender, 36 responden menggunakan tipe strategi analyzer, serta 27 responden menggunakan tipe strategi reactor
IDENTIFIKASI MEKANISME FOTOKATALITIK PADA DEGRADASI ZAT WARNA AZO REACTIVE BLACK 5 MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS MIKROPARTIKEL TiO2
Get PDFDalam penelitian ini dipelajari mekanisme fotokatalitik pada degradasi air limbah tekstil artifisial mengandung zat warna azo Reactive Black 5 (RB5) menggunakan katalis mikropartikel TiO2. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi tahapan degradasi fotokatalitik berupa pemutusan struktur molekul zat warna RB5. Mekanisme degradasi dianalisis melalui pengukuran COD, TOC, pH dan spektra absorbansi warna seiring interval waktu proses fotokatalitik, dilanjutkan dengan identifikasi produk degradasi menggunakan GC-MS. Setelah irradiasi UV selama 5 jam terjadi penurunan COD dan TOC masing-masing sebesar 66,0% dan 86,5%, mengindikasikan terjadinya proses mineralisasi terhadap RB5. Penurunan puncak spektra absorbansi pada rentang panjang gelombang 300-320 nm dan 590-610 nm menunjukkan adanya pemutusan struktur molekul RB5 menjadi senyawa yang lebih sederhana yang terdiri dari pemutusan kromofor warna (ikatan azo) dan pemutusan cincin-cincin senyawa amina aromatik (cincin benzen dan naftalen). Lebih lanjut, identifikasi produk degradasi dengan GC-MS seiring interval waktu proses fotokatalitik menunjukkan bahwa proses degradasi diawali dengan tahapan pemutusan molekul zat warna menjadi senyawa antara dilanjutkan dengan tahapan destruksi senyawa antara menjadi asam-asam organik sederhana yang mendekati tingkat mineralisasi
Photocatalytic Decolorization of Acid Red 4 Azo Dye by Using Immobilized TiO2 Microparticle and Nanoparticle Catalysts
No full textThis research studied the synthesis of immobilized TiO2 microparticle and nanoparticle catalyst materials and evaluated its photocatalytic activity on the decolorization of Acid Red 4 (AR4) azo dye solution. TiO2 microparticles were immobilized on an acrylic plate, while TiO2 nanoparticles were immobilised on a glass plate. TiO2 nanoparticles were embedded in a nanofiber support layer to enhance photocatalytic performance, forming a nanofiber-nanoparticle composite on the glass plate. In the catalyst load 2.0 g/l, the performance of the photocatalytic layer of immobilized catalyst (k '= 0.013 min-1) is better than that of the suspended catalyst (k' = 0.008 min-1). Photocatalytic decolorization efficiency of TiO2 immobilized catalysts of nanoparticle sized reached 82.3% in irradiation time of 2 hours, which is higher than microparticle sized catalysts (77.8%). The technique of TiO2 nanofiber–nanoparticle composite showed improved photocatalytic kinetics (k’= 0.018 min-1) compared to a single layer of nanoparticle catalyst (k'= 0.015 min-1). Immobilized TiO2 catalysts remain effective with repeated use despite a slight decrease in processing efficiency. Keywords: azo dye, decolorization, photocatalytic, TiO2, wastewate
