50 research outputs found
Musa b. Ukbe’nin (v. 141/ 758) Siyer’e dair rivayetlerinin değerlendirilmesi (hz. Muhammed’in nübüvvetine kadar)
No full textHz. Muhammed’in hayatının peygamberlik öncesi dönemi hakkında İslam Tarihi kaynaklarında oldukça farklı rivayetler mevcuttur. Üstelik bu farklılık çok erken dönemlerden itibaren mevcuttur. Bu farklılıkların mümkünse sebeplerinin anlaşılabilmesi veya en azından hangi bilginin daha güvenilir ve tercihe şayan olduğunun belirlenebilmesi amacıyla İslami ilimlerin kendine has yöntemi olan “isnad” kullanılarak ve İslam tarihinin çok geniş sahası ilk dönemle sınırlanıp Megāzî müellifi olduğu iddia edilen ve bu sahada hemen her olayın farklı bir anlatımına rastladığımız Musa b. Ukbe’nin rivayetleri tezin merkezinde tutulmak suretiyle konu ile ilgili diğer rivayetlerin değerlendirilmesi önemli görülmektedir. Zira böylece erken dönem İslam tarihi çalışmalarında çok problemli bir alan olan Hz. Muhammed’in peygamberlik öncesi dönemi hem aydınlatılma hem de çeşitli spekülasyonlardan arındırılma imkanına sahip olacaktır. Ukbe, Megāzî, Siyer, İslam Tarihi, Hz. Muhammed, Peygamberlik Öncesi, Rivayet.There are widely different narratives about the pre-prophecy life of the Prophet Muhammad in the early Islamic sources. It seems important to review relative narratives about the subject and the thesis focuses on the narratives of Musa b. Uqba, the author of a maghazi, who uses the way of “isnad”, a specific method in Islamic scholarship to understand variations. This would help us identify reliable data in the early Islamic period. Thus, it’ll be possible to light and purify from speculations the pre-prophecy life of the Prophet Muhammad, which is very problematical area in the early Islamic history. Key Words: Musa b. Uqba, Maghazi, Siyar, History of İslam, Mohammed, Pre-prophecy, Narrative
A study on Uzbek author Musa Taşmuhammetoğlu Aybek's novels
No full text20. yüzyıl Özbek edebiyatının önemli ve öncü isimlerinden biri de Musa Taşmuhammedoğlu Aybek'tir. Sovyet Yazarlar Birliği tarafından ana çerçevesi belirlenen Sosyalist realizm akımının öncülerinden olan yazar, eserlerini de bu görüş çerçevesinde kaleme almıştır. Oluşumsal Yapısalcı İnceleme Metodu temelinde ele alınan Kutlu Kan, Nevai, Altın Vadiden Esintiler, Güneş Kararmaz ve Ulu Yol romanları Oluşumsal Yapısalcı metotla incelenmiştir. Çarlık rejiminin çöktüğü, Birinci ve İkinci Dünya Savaşlarının yaşandığı, Sovyetler Birliği'nin kurularak devletin belirlediği ideoloji doğrultusunda yeni bir toplumsal yaşamın şekillendiği dönemde yaşayan yazarın eserlerinde bu çalkantılı dönemin tüm izlerini görmek mümkündür. Özbek edebiyatının neredeyse her türünde eser veren Aybek, asıl ününü romanlarıyla kazanmıştır. Edebiyata sosyalist realizmin yön verdiği dönemde ilk romanını yayınlayan yazar, "Kutlu Kan" adlı eserinde Rus Çarlık rejiminin Türkistan coğrafyasındaki yönetim sistemini ve halka uyguladığı baskı ve zulümleri anlatmıştır. Yaşanan gelişmeler ışığında halk isyanları neticesinde ihtilale giden süreç ele alınmıştır. "Nevai" romanı, Türk Dünyasının ve Özbek Edebiyatının önemli şahsiyeti Ali Şir Nevai'nin yaşam öyküsünü konu edinir. Aybek, burada bir biyografik romandan öteye geçerek bir toplumu, toplumdan hareketle devleti çöküşe götüren etkenleri ele alır. "Altın Vadiden Esintiler" romanında, 2. Dünya Savaşı sonrası Özbek halkının yaşamı anlatılır. Roman boyunca "Büyük Vatan Savaşı" olarak adlandırılan 2. Dünya Savaşı'nda yaşanan zorluklar, Sovyet halklarının vatanları için yaptığı mücadeleler, gösterdikleri kahramanlıklar ve kazandıkları zafer yüceltilir, övülür. Büyük bir özveri ile verimli, bereketli ve geniş Özbek topraklarında, vadilerinde yetişen pamuk üretiminin kolhoz sistemi içerisindeki önemi vurgulanır. Bu yeni sistem ayrıntılı şekilde ele alınır. "Güneş Kararmaz" romanında, Sovyetler Birliği ordusu bünyesinde; Rusların, Özbeklerin, Azerbaycanlıların, Taciklerin, Kazakların, Kırgızların, Ermenilerin ve Ukraynalıların birlik olarak amansız bir mücadele ile vatanlarını savunmaları anlatılır. Bu mücadele, Aybek tarafından tüm ayrıntıları ile okuyucuya aktarılır. Kendisi de cephe gerisinde görev alan yazar, savaşın şiddetini, acımasızlığını ve büyüklüğünü eserine taşır. "Ulu Yol" romanında, Rus Çarı 2. Nikolay'ın son dönemleri ile Lenin'in önderliğinde Bolşeviklerin gerçekleştirdiği meşhur Ekim ihtilalı arası dönemve bu döneme giden süreçte yaşananlar anlatılır. Roman, "Kutlu Kan" romanının devamı niteliğindedir. Aybek mahlaslı Özbek yazar Musa Taşmuhammedoğlu eserlerinde, Sovyet ideolojisinin resmi yaklaşımlarını ve toplumu şekillendirme eğilimlerini sıklıkla kullanmaktadır. Rus halkından farklı bir dile, kültüre ve dine sahip olan Özbek halkının, Sovyet ideolojisi çerçevesinde Rus halkıyla entegre olmasını amaçlayan yaklaşımları eserlerinin temelini oluşturmaktadır. Özbek yaşam tarzını, kültürünü, toplumsal yapısını, çeşitli gelenek göreneklerini, atasözleri ve deyimlerini eserlerinde ayrıntılı şekilde bulmak mümkündür. Aybek, halkın fikir ve ruh dünyasını, ekonomik durumunu ve insan ilişkilerini ortaya koyması açısından önemli ayrıntıları romanlarında başarı ile okuyucuya aktarır. Yaşadığı dönemin şartları gereği Sovyet ideolojisinin belirlediği anlayışa uygun eserler, romanlar yazan Aybek, egemen ideolojinin, Sovyet sisteminin propagandasını yapsa da ele aldığı konularla Özbek toplumunun tarihi, kültürel, milli ve manevi özelliklerine de vurgu yapmayı ihmal etmez. Eserlerinde, Özbek halkına milli kimliğini, dilini ve kültürünü koruması, sürdürmesi ve gelecek nesillere aktarması yönünde mesajlar verir. Aybek, aynı zamanda tiyatro, tercüme, makale, şiir, destan gibi türlerde de eserler kaleme almış çok yönlü bir yazar ve sanatçıdır.Musa Taşmuhammedoglu Aybek is one of the important and leading figures of 20th century Uzbek literature. As one of the pioneers of the Socialist Realism movement, whose main framework was determined by the Soviet Writers' Union, the author also wrote his works within this perspective. The novels Kutlu Kan, Nevai, Altın Vadiden Esintiler, Güneş Kararmaz, and Ulu Yol are examined using the Structuralist Analysis Method. In the author's works, which were written during a period when the Tsarist regime collapsed, the First and Second World Wars took place, and a new social life shaped according to the ideology determined by the Soviet Union, it is possible to see all the traces of this turbulent period. Aybek, who has produced works in almost every genre of Uzbek literature, gained his reputation primarily through his novels. As socialist realism influenced literature, the author published his first novel, "Kutlu Kan," depicting the administrative system of the Russian Tsarist regime in the Turkestan region and the oppression and persecution imposed on the people. The process leading to the revolution through popular uprisings in the light of the developments is addressed. The novel "Nevai" focuses on the life story of Ali Şir Nevai, an important figure in the Turkic World and Uzbek Literature. Aybek goes beyond a biographical novel and examines the factors that lead to the collapse of a society and subsequently the state based on the society. In the novel "Altın Vadiden Esintiler," the life of the Uzbek people after the Second World War is depicted. Throughout the novel, the difficulties faced during the "Great Homeland War" (referring to the Second World War), the struggles of the Soviet peoples for their homelands, their heroism, and the victories they achieved are glorified and praised. The significance of cotton production, grown in the fertile and vast Uzbek lands and valleys, within the collective farm system is emphasized. This new system is discussed in detail. In the novel "Güneş Kararmaz," the relentless struggle of the Soviet Union army, consisting of Russians, Uzbeks, Azerbaijanis, Tajiks, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Armenians, and Ukrainians, to defend their homeland is depicted. Aybek conveys all the details of this struggle to the reader. As a writer who also served in the rear lines, he portrays the violence, ruthlessness, and magnitude of the war in his work. In the novel "Ulu Yol," the period between the final years of Russian Tsar Nicholas II and the famous October Revolution led by Lenin, as well as the events leading up to this period, are described. The novel serves as a continuation of the novel "Kutlu Kan." The Uzbek writer Musa Taşmuhammedoglu, using the pseudonym Aybek, frequently employs the official approaches of Soviet ideology and its tendencies to shape society in his works. The integration of the Uzbek people, who have a different language, culture, and religion from the Russian people, within the framework of Soviet ideology, forms the basis of his works. It is possible to find detailed descriptions of Uzbek lifestyle, culture, social structure, various customs and traditions, proverbs, and idioms in his works. Aybek successfully portrays the people's thoughts and emotions, economic conditions, and interpersonal relationships, providing important details about them to the readers in his novels. Aybek, who wrote works and novels in accordance with the understanding determined by the Soviet ideology due to the conditions of the era in which he lived, does not neglect to emphasize the historical, cultural, national, and spiritual characteristics of Uzbek society despite promoting the dominant ideology and propaganda of the Soviet system. In his works, he conveys messages to the Uzbek people about preserving, sustaining, and passing on their national identity, language, and culture to future generations. Aybek is a versatile writer and artist who has also produced works in genres such as theater, translation, articles, poetry, and epic poetry
Tercume-i Seyh Omer Efendi Risalesi (Review-Text-Index)
No full textTercüme-i Şeyh Ömer Efendi Risalesi, çeşitli kitaplardan alınmış dinî içerikli bilgilerin tercümesiyle yazılmış öğretici ve nasihat verici bir yazma eserdir. Kayıtlara göre risalenin müellifi Ömer Fuadî olsa da metnimizde bunu gösteren açık ve net bir ibare bulunmamaktadır. Aynı şekilde eserin telif edildiği dönem hakkında da metinde belirtilmiş net bir tarih bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, eserin dil malzemeleri incelenmiş ve metnin içeriğindeki bazı yol gösterici bilgiler ışığında, risalenin hangi yüzyılda yazılmış olabileceği ve müellifinin hakkında destekleyici bilgilerle çıkarımlar yapılmış ve neticede ilim dünyasına yeni bir eser kazandırılmış olunacaktır.
Çalışma; giriş, inceleme, metin, ve dizin-sözlük adı altında dört ana bölümden oluşmaktadır.Tercüme-i Şeyh Ömer Efendi Risalesi is an instructive manuscript written with the translation of religious information taken from various books. According to the records, even though the author of the treatise is Ömer Fuadî, there is no clear and clear statement showing this in our text. Likewise, we cannot obtain precise and clear information about the writing date of the work in our text.
In this study, the language materials of the text were examined based on the language data used in the work and in the light of some guiding information in the content of the text, inferences were made with supporting information about the author and the century in which the treatise was written, and as a result, a new work will be gained to the world of science.
Study: It consists of four main sections: introduction, review, text, and index-dictionary
Fructans and other water soluble carbohydrates in vegetative organs and fruits of different Musa spp. accessions
No full textThe water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) glucose, fructose and sucrose are well-known to the great public, but fructan represents another type of WSC that deserves more attention given their prebiotic and immunomodulatory properties in the food context. Although the occurrence of inulin-type fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) was proposed in the fruit of some banana accessions, little or no information is available neither on the exact identity of the fructan species, nor on the fructan content in different parts of banana plants and among a broader array of banana cultivars. Here, we investigated the WSC composition in leaves, pulp of ripe fruits and rhizomes from mature banana plants of eleven accessions (I to XI), including both cultivated varieties and wild Musa species. High performance anion exchange chromatography with integrated pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-IPAD) showed the presence of 1-kestotriose [GF2], inulobiose [F2], inulotriose [F3], 6-kestotriose and 6G-kestotriose (neokestose) fructan species in the pulp of mature fruits of different accessions, but the absence of 1,1-nystose and 1,1,1 kestopentaose and higher degree of polymerization (DP) inulin-type fructans. This fructan fingerprint points at the presence of one or more invertases that are able to use fructose and sucrose as alternative acceptor substrates. Quantification of glucose, fructose, sucrose and 1-kestotriose and principal component analysis (PCA) identified related banana groups, based on their specific WSC profiles. These data provide new insights in the biochemical diversity of wild and cultivated bananas, and shed light on potential roles that fructans may fulfil across species, during plant development and adaptation to changing environments. Furthermore, the promiscuous behavior of banana fruit invertases (sucrose and fructose as acceptor substrates besides water) provides a new avenue to boost future work on structure-function relationships on these enzymes, potentially leading to the development of genuine banana fructosyltransferases that are able to increase fructan content in banana fruits.sponsorship: Funding for this research work was provided by FORDECYT-CONACyT (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia) Research Project #116886, and CONACYT-studentship No. 50323 to the first author. We thank Ir. I. Van den Houwe, curator of the Musa International Transit Centre (ITC) at KU Leuven, Belgium for supplying banana accessions, Ing. Fernando Contreras for greenhouse support and INIFAP-CIRSE for field facilities (Uxmal Experimental Site) provided for conservation of ex situ Musa collection launched by CICY. WVdE and RV are supported by funds from FWO Vlaanderen. (FORDECYT-CONACyT (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia) Research Project|116886, CONACYT-studentship|50323, FWO Vlaanderen)status: Publishe
The effects of shrub patch sizes on the colonization of pioneer plants on the volcano Mount Koma, northern Japan
No full textVegetation recovery on Mount Koma, Hokkaido, Japan, has been slow after the catastrophic eruption in 1929, due to undeveloped soil and limited plant colonization. Nowadays, the seedling establishment is supported mostly by a nurse plant, Salix reinii forming shrub patches, facilitates the plant colonization. Although the effects of shrub patches should differ with patch sizes, the size effects have not been examined well. To examine the size effects, seed-sowing experiments were conducted on two common pioneer herbaceous species, Misamthus sinensis and Polygonum sachalinense, in the field. The seed germination and seedling survival were monitored by the seeds sown into S. reinii patches (0.97 m(2)-4.12 m(2) in area) for 4 months during snow-free periods. Microenvironments altered by the patches were measured. Lab-experiments were performed to characterize the seed germination and seedling growth. Larger patches decreased light intensity and temperature more and increased litter and water content. The large patches promoted the seed germination of the two species. Interspecific interactions, examined by a seed mixture experiment, showed that the interaction increased the seed germination on M. sinensis and decreased that on P. sachalinense. On the lab-experiments at three temperatures (15, 20 and 25 degrees C), M. sinensis seeds germinated more at higher temperatures and obtained higher seedlings biomass. P. sachalinense germinated the seeds more at 20 degrees C and grew faster at lower temperatures. The total biomass of the two species was reduced by shade that intercepted 50% of light intensity. The seed germination and seedling growth of these two species became higher on litter with 2 cm in depth than on no litter. Soil water supported seed germination when the seeds of these two species were mixed while the water reduced the growth of P. sachalinense seedlings. Therefore, the dry soils were suitable for their growths. In all the treatments, P. sachalinense seedlings showed higher mortalities than M. sinensis. In conclusion, the large patches facilitated more to the colonization of pioneer plants via seed germination and growth. Large patches acted as a nursery supporting the natural regeneration in the disturbed area by improving litter accumulation, maintaining soil water, reducing strong light and/or protecting from heat
The Dispersal of Bananas (Musa spp.) to the Americas in the Sixteenth Century
No full text© 2022, The Author(s).The Dispersal of Bananas (Musaspp.) to the Americas in the Sixteenth Century. So far, studies on the spread of banana cultivation in the Americas during the first century of American colonization have given rise to several hypotheses that are not very well supported. In this paper we use different methodologies—ethnobotany, history, and linguistics—to explain how this process occurred and to resolve the doubts that have arisen about the presence of bananas in the Americas before the arrival of the Spanish and Portuguese. To do so, we used philological databases comprising 7,850 documents, produced between 1492 and 1600. This work shows how the speed of the spread of banana cultivation and the presence of foreign varieties in the Americas can be perfectly explained in the light of the historical and ethnobotanical analysis of the accounts written by the inhabitants of the continents in the 16th century. Expansión del plátano (Musa spp.) en América durante el siglo XVI. Hasta el momento, los estudios realizados sobre la dispersión del cultivo del plátano en las Américas durante el primer siglo de colonización americana han dado lugar a varias hipótesis poco contrastadas. En el presente trabajo utilizamos diferentes metodologías, etnobotánica, histórica y lingüística, para explicar cómo sucedió este proceso y resolver las dudas aparecidas sobre la presencia de plátanos en las Américas antes de la llegada de españoles y portugueses. Para ello empleamos bases de datos filológicas integradas por 7.850 documentos, realizados entre 1492 y 1600. Este trabajo muestra cómo la velocidad de propagación del cultivo del plátano y la presencia de variedades extrañas en el ámbito americano pueden explicarse perfectamente a la luz del análisis histórico y etnobotánico de los relatos escritos por los habitantes del continente en el siglo XVI.0,4482,6Q2Q2SCIE11,
Information literacy skills and location of online, offline information resources among undergraduate students of Umaru Musa Yar’adua university, Katsina State
No full textThis study assessed information literacy skills and location of online, offline information resources among undergraduate students of Umaru Musa Yar’adua University. Two research questions were formulated to achieve the objectives of the study. The research recognizes the sources of information; how they locate the online, offline information resources a descriptive survey research method was used for the study. The population of the study comprised all the undergraduate students of the university. The sample size were the 7840 of the undergraduate students’ university were sampled. Membership of the sample was drawn using the stratified random sampling technique. YAMANE’S formula was used to select a sample size of 200 from a population of 7840. Questionnaire was the instruments used for collecting data. The responses from the sampled undergraduate students were analyzed descriptively by using frequencies. and percentages The main findings of the study showed that the sources of information available to the undergraduate, students are Library, catalogue, Database, Internet search and Printed index and abstract the undergraduate students prefer to search for information using simpler identifying elements such as title, author, and subject for offline resources and mostly locate the online information resources through the assistant of the café attendant rather than using searching operators, The research concludes that Information Literacy is a prerequisite for undergraduate students in Umaru Musa Yar’adua University to successfully survive and compete in the 21st century and beyond. In the light of this, it was recommended that State of the Art ICT facilities should be provided as a matter of urgency in all the Faculties and Departments in the university. This will make the undergraduate students to be more responsive to the challenges of their profession in the digital age. Also, universities library should establish effective and sustainable information literacy programme for undergraduate students. This will enhance location, of information resources in various formats. Lastly, the cutting point of JAMB and Post UME in the Nigerian Universities should give priority to females by reducing it to 160 against 180 for female to be admitted in the Universities.Key Words: Information, Library, Skills, Online, Offline, Information, Resources
Biografija uz prijevod: Hrvatski ilirac Medo Pucić o Adamu Mickiewiczu
No full textThis paper deals with and comments on the biography and description of the literary work of the Croatian author of the Romantic period, Medo Pucić, with a special review of the biography of Adam Mickiewicz which he wrote in Italian, along with translations of excerpts from Forefathers’ Eve. The objective of the paper is twofold: to establish a parallel between the two contemporaries in the context of wider Croatian-Polish literary connections of the 1830s and 1840s as well as to establish the value of biography as a literary-historic genre, especially when it is written in temporal synchrony with an intent to establish cultural reciprocity. In that light Pucić’s text on Mickiewicz, originally written in a non-Slavic language for an Italian audience, is not read simply as a Croatian version of the impact of Mickiewicz’s work among the Southern Slavs, but as an ambitious implementation of the Pan-Slavic idea
Attainability of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Nigeria: Current Challenges and Future Prospects
No full textMillennium Development Goals (MDGs) serve as one of the pro-poor policies aiming at containing the menaceof poverty and hunger, diseases and ignorance, gender disparity and environmental filth. As a time-boundprogramme, it is now less than one year to the expiration of the MDGs. A cursory look of the progress of theprogram around the world shows that while some countries in the Asia have recorded superb progress; sub-Saharan African countries have rather recorded abysmal progress. In view of this, this study sets out to examinethe progress of MDGs in Nigeria so as to uncover the challenges and future prospects of the programme. Adescriptive statistic approach has been employed to scientifically examine the situation using five last goals. Theresults reveal, in the light of current trend, that goal 5 may be met before the deadline i.e. 2015. The resultshowever, suggest that it is highly unlikely for Nigeria to meet the remaining four goals examined. Such factorsas poor funding, high unemployment, inadequate skilled manpower and infrastructural decay are majorlyresponsible for the poor performance. Hence, the recommendations have been offered by the author: that thereshould be efficient and effective funding mechanism so as to checkmate corruption in the process. Also, valuere-orientation system should be formulated through awareness campaign just to garner people’s support andparticipation for the success of the programme.Keywords: MDGs, Time-bound, Descriptive statistics and awarenes
One insufficiently known manuscript of I. Kukuljević Sakcinski about Skenderbeu
No full textU Arhivu HAZU u Zagrebu čuva se rukopis koji sadrži dramu Ivana Kukuljevića-Sakcinskog o albanskom junaku Skenderbegu. Kukuljević je intenzivno proučavao povijest Albanaca. Prvi puta ih spominje u “Danici Ilirskoj” 1837. godine. Za vrijeme putovanja po Jadranskoj obali Kukuljević je prikupio knjige, rukopise i razne dokumente o povijesti Albanaca. Rukopis koji se čuva u Arhivu HAZU sastoji se od 58 stranica formata 27,5 x 51,8 cm. Prvih osam stranica su manjeg formata - 22,5 x 35 cm. Rukopis je u dobrom stanju i lako se čita. Rukopis nije kompletan jer nedostaje početak prvoga, trećega i četvrtoga čina. Treba naglasiti da ovaj rukopis u sebi sadrži nekoliko važnih elemenata što proizlazi iz činjenice da je Kukuljević koristio različite povijesne izvore: Mrnavića, Hammera i Kačić-Miočića. Kukuljević u ovoj privlačnoj priči prikazuje povijesne likove u pozitivnom svjetlu, ali ni u jednom trenutku više no što zaslužuju. Tekst je izrazito čitak, pisan je jednostavnim jezikom, jasan je i vrlo melodičan. Međutim, najznačajnije je što je autor sačuvao nepristranost i nije odstupao od povijesnih događaja, osim onoliko koliko mu je to dopuštao književni stil pisanja.A manuscript by Ivan Kukuljević-Sakcinski on the Albanian hero Skenderbeg has been preserved in the Archives of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts. Kukuljević profoundly studied the history of the Albanians. It was in Danica Ilirska that he first mentioned them in 1837. He was collecting books, manuscripts and various documents on the history of the Albanians while traveling along the Adriatic coast. The manuscript kept in the Archives of the Academy contains 58 pages, sized 27,5 x 51,8 cm. The first eight pages are sized 22,5 x 35 cm. The manuscript is in good condition and easy to read. It is not complete, as the beginnings of the first, second, third and fourth acts of the play are missing. It should be pointed out that this manuscript contains several important elements as a result of the fact that Kukuljević relied on different historical sources: Mrnavić, Hammer and Kačić-Miošić. In this catchy story Kukuljević reveals historical characters in positive light and, yet, never more positive than they deserve. The text reads exceptionally well, the language is simple, clear and very melodious. However, the most important is that the author managed to preserve impartiality and always adhered to the historical events taking liberties only as far as literary style allowed him to
