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Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Jalan Peserta BPJS Kesehatan Terhadap Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Apotek RSUD Dr. Hadrianus Sinaga Pangururan Kabupaten Samosir
No full textOne of the indicators of the success of a hospital in pharmaceutical
services is based on patient satisfaction with the service given by the hospital
pharmacy. The pharmacy of RSUD (Regional General Hospital) Dr. Hadrianus
Sinaga, Pangururan, Samosir Regency, is one of the hospitals participating BPJS
(The Healthcare and Social Security Agency) which provides pharmaceutical
service for its members. The objective of the research was to find out the level of
satisfaction of BPJS in Health outpatients members in pharmaceutical service in
the Pharmacy of RSUD Dr. Hadrianus Sinaga.
The research used descriptive method with cross sectional design. The
samples were 250 outpatients who joined BPJS in Health and got pharmaceutical
service at RSUD Dr. Hadrianus Sinaga, taken by using purposive sampling
technique. The data were gathered by using questionnaires and conducted from
March 6 until April 6, 2017. There were five parameters used to measure the level
of patient satisfaction: reliability, responsibility, assurance, empathy, and
tangibles. The data were analyzed by using univariate analysis, and bivariate
analysis with an SPSS 22 software program, and the level of satisfaction was
measured by comparing perception of reality with expectation.
The result of the research showed that the satisfaction of BPJS in Health
outpatients with the pharmaceutical service in the hospital pharmacy was 77.57%
which consisted of reliability (76.38%), responsibility (77.76%), assurance
(79.45%), empathy (76.45%), and tangibles (77.96%). The result of statistic test
showed that there was no significant correlation of the level of satisfaction of
outpatients with their age, gender, education, income, and occupation (p>0.05).
It could be concluded that the BPJS in Health outpatients felt satisfied with
pharmaceutical service at the Pharmacy of RSUD Dr. Hadrianus Sinaga.Salah satu indikator keberhasilan dari suatu rumah sakit terhadap
pelayanan kefarmasian dapat dilihat dari tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap
pelayanan yang telah diberikan oleh apotek rumah sakit kepada pasien. Apotek
RSUD Dr. Hadrianus Sinaga Pangururan Kabupaten Samosir adalah salah satu
Rumah sakit yang dipercayakan oleh Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial
(BPJS) Kesehatan untuk memberi pelayanan kefarmasian bagi anggotanya. Untuk
itu perlu dilakukan penelitian sejauh mana tingkat kepuasan pasien rawat jalan
peserta BPJS Kesehatan terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek RSUD Dr.
Hadrianus Sinaga Pangururan Kabupaten Samosir.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif menggunakan metode cross
sectional dengan jumlah sampel 250 orang dan kuesioner sebagai alat ukur,
pengambilan sampel diakukan secara purposive sampling. Pengambilan data
dilakukan selama 1bulan yang dimulai tanggal 06 Maret 2017- 06 April 2017.
Pada penelitian ini pasien yang mengisi kuesioner adalah pasien rawat jalan
peserta BPJS Kesehatan yang mendapatkan pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek
RSUD Dr. Hadrianus Sinaga Pangururan Kabupaten Samosir. Ada lima
parameter yang digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat kepuasan pasien yaitu
parameter kehandalan, responsibilitas, keyakinan, empati dan fasilitas berwujud.
Uji analisa data dilakukan dengan analisa univariat dan bivariat dengan
menggunakan program SPSS 22 dan tingkat kepuasan diukur dengan
membandingkan persepsi kenyataan dan harapan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan pasien rawat jalan peserta
BPJS Kesehatan terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek RSUD Dr.
Hadrianus Sinaga Pangururan Kabupaten Samosir didapat tingkat kepuasan ratarata
77,57% yang terdiri dari persentase kehandalan 76,38%, responsibilitas
77,76%, keyakinan 79,45%, empati 76,45%, fasilitas berwujud 77,96% dan hasil
uji statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat
kepuasan pasien dengan karakteristik usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan,
penghasilan, pekerjaan (p>0,05).
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat di simpulkan bahwa tingkat
kepuasan pasien rawat jalan peserta BPJS Kesehatan terhadap pelayanan
kefarmasian di Apotek RSUD Dr. Hadrianus Sinaga adalah puas.Skripsi Sarjan
Analisis Drug Related Problems (Drps) pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik di Ruang Interna Wanita Rsup H. Adam Malik Medan Periode September – November 2015
No full textDrug Related Problems(DRPs)adalah kejadian yang tidak diinginkan pasien terkait terapi obat, dan secara nyata maupun potensial berpengaruh pada keberhasilan penyembuhan yang diinginkan pasien. Gagal ginjal kronik merupakan penyakit yang jumlahnya cukup tinggi di lndonesia dimana pertumbuhan penderita gagal ginjal kronik sekitar l0% per tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya angka kejadian DrugRelated Problems (DRPs) pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik di ruang interna wanita RSUP H.Adam Malik Medan periode September – November 2015.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptifmenggunakan desain pendekatan prospektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan data dari catatan rekam medis seluruh pasien gagal ginjal kronik di ruang interna wanita RSUP H.Adam Malik Medan periode September – November 2015.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 30 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi diperoleh total seluruh kasus DRPs sebanyak 29 kasus, dengan 23 kasus (79,31%) Indikasi tanpa obat, 0 kasus (0%) kategori obat tanpa indikasi, 0 kasus (0%) kategori obat salah, 2 kasus (6,90%) kategori dosis obat kurang, 2 kasus (6,90%) kategori dosis obat lebih, 0 kasus (0%) kategori reaksi obat merugikan, 2 kasus (6,90%)kategori interaksi obat.Angka kejadian Drug Related Problems (DRPs) cukup tinggi pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik di ruang interna wanita RSUP H.Adam Malik Medan periode September – November 2015 adalah pada kategori indikasi tanpa obat yaitu 23 kasus (79,31%).Drug Related Problems (DRPs) are undesirable events that related to the patient's drug therapy, and actual or potential effect on the success of healing patients process. Chronic renal failure is a higher amount of disease in Indonesia around l0% per year. The aim of this study of Drug Related Problems (DRPs) on patients with chronic renal failure in female interna room at H.Adam Malik Medan Hospital from September to November, 2015 period.
This research used descriptive method using prospective design approach. This research was conducted by collecting data from medical record of all patients with chronic renal failure in female interna room at H.Adam Malik Medan Hospital from September to November, 2015 period.
30 patients who met the inclusion criteria of DRPs had obtained 23 cases, with 23 cases (79.31%) Indications without drugs, 0 cases (0%) with no indication drug categories, 0 cases (0%) of drugs failed categories, 2 cases (6.90%) of drug doses categories, 2 cases (6.90%) of more drug doses categories, 0 case (0%) of adverse drug reactions categories, 2 cases (6.90%) of drug interaction categories.The incidence of Drug Related Problems (DRPs) are quite high in patients with chronic renal failure in female interna room of H. Adam Malik Medan Hospital from September to November 2015 period is Indications without drugs categories for 23 cases (79.31%).80 halamanSkripsi Sarjan
Uji Aktivitas Antimutagenik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) pada Mencit Jantan dengan Metode Mikronukleus
No full textSirsak (Annona muricata L.) merupakan tumbuhan yang tersebar hampir di seluruh indonesia. Daun sirsak telah dikenal masyarakat suku Amazon sebagai antibakteri. Masyarakat indonesia sendiri menggunakan daun sirsak sebagai obat ambeien dan untuk kejang. Daun sirsak juga telah diteliti dapat membunuh hama dengan efek sitotoksik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan karakterisasi dan skrining fitokimia terhadap serbuk simplisia, serta antimutagenik ekstrak etanol daun sirsak pada mencit jantan yang telah diinduksi siklofosfamid.
Terhadap serbuk simplisia daun sirsak dilakukan karakterisasi, skrining fitokimia, dan ekstraksi. Ekstraksi serbuk simplisia daun sirsak dilakukan secara perkolasi dengan pelarut etanol 96 %, perkolat yang diperoleh dipekatkan dengan rotary evaporator, selanjutnya ekstrak di freeze dry pada suhu -40oC. Uji antimutagenik dilakukan terhadap mencit jantan menggunakan metode mikronukleus yang diberikan secara oral 1 kali sehari selama 7 hari dengan dosis 200 mg/kg BB, 400 mg/kg BB, dan 800 mg/kg BB. Siklofosfamid dosis 30 mg/kg BB digunakan sebagai penginduksi terjadinya mikronukleus dan suspensi CMC 1% sebagai pelarut ekstrak. Aktivitas antimutagenik ditunjukkan oleh adanya penurunan jumlah mikronukleus dalam setiap 200 sel eritrosit polikromatin pada preparat apusan sumsum tulang femur mencit.
Hasil karakterisasi simplisia diperoleh kadar air 8.56%, kadar sari larut air 19.39%, kadar sari larut etanol 18.39%, kadar abu total 5.01%, dan kadar abu larut asam 0.84%. Hasil skrining fitokimia simplisia terdapat senyawa-senyawa alkaloida, flavonoida, glikosida, saponin, tanin, steroida/triterpenoida. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol daun sirsak menurunkan jumlah sel mikronukleus secara signifikan terhadap kontrol penginduksi (p < 0,05). Dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun sirsak mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antimutagenik. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun sirsak dosis 800 mg/kg BB menurunkan jumlah mikronukleus yang lebih rendah jumlahnya secara statistik deengan kontrol normal. Dosis 400 mg/kg BB secara statistik memiliki jumlah yang hampir sama dengan kontrol normal. Sedangkan pada dosis 200 mg/kg BB jumlah mikronukleus secara statistik lebih banyak dibanding kontrol normal. Pemberian ekstrak etanol daun sirsak dosis 800 mg/kg BB memberikan penurunan jumlah mikronukleus paling banyak dibandingkan dosis 200 mg/kg BB dan 400 mg/kg BB.Soursop (Annona muricata L.) is a plant that spread almost all over Indonesia. Soursop leaf has been known as an antibacterial Amazon tribal communities. Indonesian people themselves use soursop leaves as a remedy for hemorrhoids and seizures. Soursop leaves also been investigated to kill pests with cytotoxic effects. This study aims at characterizing and screening fitokimiaterhadap crude powder and antimutagenic soursop leaf ethanol extract in male mice that had been on the induction of cyclophosphamide.
Simplicia powder soursop leaves characterization, phytochemical screening, and extraction. Extraction is done in maceration with solvent ethanol 96%, the maserat obtained was evaporated with the aid to a rotary evaporator to viscous of exctract, then exctract freeze dried at temperature of -40oC. Ethanolic exctract soursop leaves given administrated orally to some groups of mice male and every group given doses of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg BW/day for 7 days consecutively, then eighth day all of mice given one dose cyclophosphamide (30 mg/kg BW) intraperitonial and 30 hour later all of mice were sacrificed and get preparations femur bonemarrow of mice. Antimutagenic activity shown by a decrease in the number of micronucleus in polychromatic erythrocytes per 400 cells in smear preparations femur bonemarrow of mice.
The results of characterization simplicia obtained water content 8.56%, content of water soluble extract 19.39%, content of ethanol soluble extract 18.39%, content of total ash5.01% and content of ash insoluble in acid 0.84%. The results of screening phytochemical male papaya flowers are contain class of compounds alkaloid, flavonoide,glikosida, steroide-triterpenoide, and tannins. The results of statistical analysis showed that administration of ethanol extract of leaves of the soursop reduce the number of cell micronucleus penginduksi significantly to the control (p <0.05). Thus concluded that the ethanol extract of the leaves of the soursop has antimutagenic activity. e test results showed that the ethanol extract of leaves of the soursop dose of 800 mg / kg body weight decreases the amount of micronucleus lower number deengan statistically normal controls. Dose of 400 mg / kg had a statistically similar amount with normal controls. While at a dose of 200 mg / kg were statistically micronucleus amount more than the normal controls. Soursop leaf ethanol extract dose of 800 mg / kg a significant reduction in number of micronucleus most widely compared to a dose of 200 mg / kg and 400 mg / kg.Skripsi Sarjan
Analisis Drug Related Problems (Drps) pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik di Ruang Interna Wanita Rsup H. Adam Malik Medan Periode September – November 2015
No full textDrug Related Problems(DRPs)adalah kejadian yang tidak diinginkan pasien terkait terapi obat, dan secara nyata maupun potensial berpengaruh pada keberhasilan penyembuhan yang diinginkan pasien. Gagal ginjal kronik merupakan penyakit yang jumlahnya cukup tinggi di lndonesia dimana pertumbuhan penderita gagal ginjal kronik sekitar l0% per tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya angka kejadian DrugRelated Problems (DRPs) pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik di ruang interna wanita RSUP H.Adam Malik Medan periode September – November 2015.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptifmenggunakan desain pendekatan prospektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan data dari catatan rekam medis seluruh pasien gagal ginjal kronik di ruang interna wanita RSUP H.Adam Malik Medan periode September – November 2015.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 30 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi diperoleh total seluruh kasus DRPs sebanyak 29 kasus, dengan 23 kasus (79,31%) Indikasi tanpa obat, 0 kasus (0%) kategori obat tanpa indikasi, 0 kasus (0%) kategori obat salah, 2 kasus (6,90%) kategori dosis obat kurang, 2 kasus (6,90%) kategori dosis obat lebih, 0 kasus (0%) kategori reaksi obat merugikan, 2 kasus (6,90%)kategori interaksi obat.Angka kejadian Drug Related Problems (DRPs) cukup tinggi pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik di ruang interna wanita RSUP H.Adam Malik Medan periode September – November 2015 adalah pada kategori indikasi tanpa obat yaitu 23 kasus (79,31%).Drug Related Problems (DRPs) are undesirable events that related to the patient's drug therapy, and actual or potential effect on the success of healing patients process. Chronic renal failure is a higher amount of disease in Indonesia around l0% per year. The aim of this study of Drug Related Problems (DRPs) on patients with chronic renal failure in female interna room at H.Adam Malik Medan Hospital from September to November, 2015 period.
This research used descriptive method using prospective design approach. This research was conducted by collecting data from medical record of all patients with chronic renal failure in female interna room at H.Adam Malik Medan Hospital from September to November, 2015 period.
30 patients who met the inclusion criteria of DRPs had obtained 23 cases, with 23 cases (79.31%) Indications without drugs, 0 cases (0%) with no indication drug categories, 0 cases (0%) of drugs failed categories, 2 cases (6.90%) of drug doses categories, 2 cases (6.90%) of more drug doses categories, 0 case (0%) of adverse drug reactions categories, 2 cases (6.90%) of drug interaction categories.The incidence of Drug Related Problems (DRPs) are quite high in patients with chronic renal failure in female interna room of H. Adam Malik Medan Hospital from September to November 2015 period is Indications without drugs categories for 23 cases (79.31%).80 halamanSkripsi Sarjan
Wawasan Alquran Tentang Pendidikan
Full text linkThe Term Tarbiyah (education) that in the Quran has given deep insights into various problems, one concerning education, insights that human beings should exhume explicitly, especially in terms of the educational term, then in this case there are some verses that the author presents about the word Tarbiyah, among them the tarbiyah word in Q.S. Al Isra:24, mentioned by the word Rabbayani, in Q.S Al Rum:39, described by the word Yarbu, in Q.S Ali Imran:79, the word Rabbani and Q.S Asy Syu’ara:18 explain that the word Nurabbika”
 
Uji Aktivitas Antelmintik Ekstrak Etanol, Fraksi n-Heksan Daun Pugun Tanoh [Curanga fel-terrae(Lour.) Merr.] Terhadap Ascaris lumbricoides
No full textIndonesia diketahui banyak memiliki tumbuhan yang berkhasiat obat diantaranya adalah pugun tanoh[Curanga fel-terrae(Lour.) Merr.] yang memiliki khasiat sebagai antelmintik, antidiabetes, antiasama dan antidiare. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas antelmintik ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksan daun pugun tanoh terhadap Ascaris lumbrcoides.
Uji aktivitas antelmintik ekstrak etanol daun pugun tanoh [Curanga fel-terrae (Lour.) Merr.] dan fraksi n-heksan daun pugun tanoh [Curanga fel-terrae (Lour.) Merr.]terhadap Ascaris lumbrcoides dilakukan dengan beberapa kelompok perlakuan yaitu : perlakuan menggunakan NaCl 0,9% sebagai kelompk kontrol negatif, CMC 0,5% dan tween dikelompokkan sebagai kontrol pelarut, untuk kontrol positif menggunakan pirantel pamoat 0,3% dan albendazol 0,1%. Dan untuk kelompok uji aktivitas antelmintik menggunakan dua macam ekstrak yaitu EEDPT dan FNHDPT dengan konsentrasi yang sama yaitu 100mg/ml, 200mg/ml dan 300mg/ml. Pengamatan efek antelmintik ditentukan dengan waktu paralisis dan waktu kematian.
Hasil skrining fitokimia untuk simplisia dan ekstrak daun pugun tanoh [Curanga fel-terrae (Lour.) Merr.]menunjukkan adanya senyawa golongan saponin, tanin, steroid, flavonoid dan glikosida. Hasil penelitian uji aktivitas antelmintik EEDPT terhadap Ascaris lumbrcoides dengan rerata waktu paralisis dan waktu kematian cacing pada konsentrasi 100 mg/ml adalah 429,333±8,089 menit dan 630±9,29 menit; konsentrasi 200 mg/ml adalah 311,333±7,310 menit dan 499,333±4,807 menit ; dan konsentrasi 300mg/ml adalah 294±4,509 menit dan 454±7,371 menit. Hasil untuk FNHDPT dengan konsentrasi yang sama adalah 430,3±28,365 menit dan 580,333±10,898 menit; 316±4,358 menit dan 470±10,440 menit ; 285±4,509 menit dan 444±11,930 menit.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah EEDPT dan FNHDPT memiliki aktivitas antelmintik terhadap Ascaris lumbrcoides dengan konsentrasi paling bagus yakni 300 mg/ml dan 200 mg/mll.Pugun tanoh [Curanga fel-terrae (Lour.) Merr.]is one of Indonesian medical herb which has properties as an anthelmintic, antidiabetic, antiasthma, and an antidiarrheal effects. The aims of the study were to determine anthelmintic activity of ethanolic extracts (EEPTL) and n-hexane fraction pugun tanohleaves [Curanga fel-terrae (Lour.) Merr.] (NHFPTL) againts Ascaris lumbrcoides.
The anthelmintic activity of EEPTL and NHFPTL againts Ascaris lumbricoides was done with treatment groups: treatment NaCl 0.9% (negative control), CMC 0.5% and tween (solvent control), pyrantel pamoate 0.3% and albendazole 0.1% (positive control) and EEPTL and NHFPTL at concentrations of 100 mg/ml, 200 mg/ml and 300 mg/ml. The observation anthelmintic effect determined based on the time to paralysis and time to death.
The simplicia phytochemicalsscreening contained the saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, and glycoside. The result of anthelmintic activity of EEPTL with a mean time to paralysis and time to death on the concentration of 100 mg/ml was 429.333 ± 8.089 minutes and 630 ± 9.29 minutes; concentration 200 mg/ml was 311.333± 7.310 minutes and 499.333± 4.807 minutes; and concentration 300mg/ml was 294± 4.509 minutes and 454 ± 7.371 minutes. Results for NHFPTL with the same concentration was 430.3± 28.365 minutes and 580.333± 10.898 minutes; 316± 4.358 minutes and 470± 10.440 minutes ; 285± 4.509 minutes and 444± 1.930 minutes.
The present research showed that EEPTL and NHFPTL has anthelmintic activity againts Ascaris lumbricoides with concentration of 100 mg/ml, 200 mg/ml dan 300 mg/ml.Skripsi Sarjan
Uji Efek Antidiare Ekstrak Etanol Daun Cincau Hijau dengan Metode Defekasi pada Tikus
No full textSecara umum tanaman cincau hijau sudah dikenal dan telah dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai makanan dan obat tradisional, tanaman ini juga banyak tersebar di pulau Jawa. Daun cincau sering digunakan dalam pengobatan panas dalam, obat sakit perut, antidiare, juga sebagai antikanker karena cincau diduga mengandung senyawa yang mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan yang mampu mematikan sel kanker. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik simplisia dan efek antidiare ekstrak etanol daun cincau hijau pada tikus yang diinduksi dengan oleum ricini.
Serbuk simplisia daun cincau hijau dikarakterisasi dan dilakukan skrining fitokimia, kemudian serbuk dibuat menjadi ekstrak dengan etanol 96% dengan metode maserasi. Selanjutnya ekstrak etanol daun cincau hijau diuji aktivitas antidiare pada tikus yang diinduksi dengan oleum ricini 2 ml menggunakan metode defekasi. Ekstrak etanol daun cincau hijau diberikan secara oral dosis 50, 100, dan 150 mg/kg bb, sebagai pembanding diberi loperamid HCl dosis 1 mg/kg bb. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap terjadinya diare setiap 30 menit selama 6 jam, meliputi: saat mulai terjadi diare, konsistensi feses, frekuensi diare dan lama terjadinya diare.
Hasil pemeriksaan karakteristik serbuk simplisia daun cincau hijau diperoleh kadar air 5,2%, kadar sari larut air 20,63%, kadar sari larut etanol 17,24%, kadar abu total 14,28% dan kadar abu tidak larut asam 0,54%. Hasil skrining fitokimia serbuk simplisia diperoleh senyawa alkaloida, flavanoida, glikosida, tanin, steroida/triterpenoida. Uji efek antidiare ekstrak etanol daun cincau hijau pada tikus menunjukkan bahwa semua dosis memberikan efek antidiare. Dosis 50 mg/kg bb memiliki efek antidiare yang lebih kecil dibanding loperamid HCl dosis 1 mg/kg bb (p 0,05) dan EEDCH dosis 50, 100 dan 150 mg/kg bb mempunyai efek antidiare pada tikus yang diinduksi dengan oleum ricini.Generally green cincau has been known and has been used among Indonesian people. This plant is many found in Java island and often used as treatment for , stomachache, diarrhea and anticancer as green cincau contains high amount of antioxidant. The aim of this study was to determine characteristics simplicia, content of chemical substance and antidiarrheal effects of ethanol extract of green cincau in rats that induced by oleum ricini.
Simplicia green cincau powder characterization and phytochemical screening done, then powder macerated with ethanol 96%. Furthermore, the ethanol extract of the green cincau antidiarrheal activity was tested in rat induced with 2 ml of oleum ricini using defecation method. Ethanol extract of green cincau was given orally a dose of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg bw, as a comparison of loperamide HCl was given a dose of 1 mg/kg bw. Observation were done to diarrhea occurre every 30 minutes for 6 hours, includes: current start happening diarrhea, stool consistency, frequency and duration occurrence of diarrhea.
Results observation of simplicia green cincau powder characteristics obtained 5.2% water content, 20.63% of water-soluble extract, 17,24% ethanol-soluble extract, 14.28% total ash content and 0,54% of acid insoluble ash content. Results of phytochemical screening of green cincau powder are: alcaloides, flavanoida, glycosides, tannins, steroid/triterpenoida. Test antidiarrheal effects of the ethanol extract of the green cincau leaves in rats showed that all doses of antidiarrheal effect. Doses of 50 mg / kg bw has antidiarrheal effects that are smaller than the dose of loperamide HCl 1 mg/kg bw (P 0,05).Skripsi Sarjan
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Evaluasi Pelayanan Resep di Puskesmas Stabat Kecamatan Stabat
No full textMinistry of Health as a first-level health effort has a to enhance the individual of health efforts and public health where need to be supported by good quality of pharmaceutical services.Minister of Health issued the regulation No. 30 in 2014 about the standard of pharmaceutical care in the health centers that aims to improve the quality of it. Management and drug services in health centers is a matter that needs to be done for health development in each district.
The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of prescription in Stabat primary health center District and the level of patient satisfaction with services in health centers prescription District Stabat.Descriptive study and data collection was done by using the formula slovin by researchers to determine the prescription services in Stabat primary health center District.Services based on the indicators observed that, average time of preparation and delivery of drugs, the percentage replacement drug items, the percentage complete etiquette, the provision of drug information, and the amount of drug in the recipe.The level of patient satisfaction obtained through interviews with 222 patients who came to the pharmacy space by distributing a questionnaire that has been provided researchers and filled out by the patient. Rate the level of patient satisfaction conducted on variable reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and direct evidence.
The results was obtained by processing data using Microsoft Excel program and analyzed descriptively and presented using percentages, tables, and graphs. Based on prescription services obtained an average time of preparation of drugs was 120.2 seconds (2.02 minutes) and personalized medicine 350.2 seconds (5.83 minutes), the average time of delivery of the drug was 20 seconds, the percentage of drug replacement item 1.8% from (4 prescriptions), which was completely written etiquette 196 prescriptions (88.28%). The level of patient satisfaction is categorized quite good with an average total value of 54.73 and the service quality prescriptions categorized quite good with an average total value of 13.98 (the total value of 14).89 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
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