1,720,979 research outputs found
PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN KOMPONEN DARAH DALAM PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHP DI PMI KOTA BANDUNG
Full text linkPMI of Bandung City experienced overstock. Overstock and expired blood supplies must be destroyed. In the overstock phase every month, PMI of Bandung City experiences waste and needs to be controlled inventory. In the blood have six components that need to be controlled, but it takes a long time to analyze each component of the bloood. It is necessary to determine the priority blood components that must bee controlled immediately so that they are expected to influence the reduction in the destroyed cost. The purpose of this study is find out what blood component are prioritized to control their supply. Determination of blood component priority using the AHP (Analitycal Hierarchy Process) approach. The AHP method is decision making model that breaks down complex multi-criteria problems into a hierarchy. The priority blood component to be controlled is Packed Red Cell (PRC) component of 0.338. This value is obtained because it is influenced by the weight of the supply criteria of 0.709, demand of 0.113; and lifetime of 0.179.PMI Kota Bandung mengalami overstock. Persediaan darah yang overstock dan mengalami kadaluarsa harus dilakukan pemusnahan. Pada fase overstock setiap bulannya PMI Kota Bandung mengalami waste dan perlu dilakukan pengendalian persediaan. Pada darah terdapat enam komponen darah yang perlu dikendalikan persediaannya, namun diperlukan waktu yang cukup lama untuk menganalisis setiap komponen darah. Diperlukan penentuan komponen darah prioritas yang harus segera dikendalikan sehingga diharapkan dapat berpengaruh terhadap penurunan biaya pemusnahan darah kadaluarsa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui komponen darah apa yang diprioritaskan untuk dikendalikan persediaannya. Penentuan prioritas komponen darah menggunakan pendekatan AHP (Analitycal Hierarchy Process). Metode AHP merupakan model pengambilan keputusan yang menguraikan masalah multi kriteria yang kompleks menjadi suatu hirarki. komponen darah yang prioritas untuk di kendalikan adalah kompoenen Packed Red Cell (PRC) sebesar 0,338. Nilai ini diperoleh karena dipengaruhi oleh bobot pada kriteria supply sebesar 0,709; demand sebesar 0,113; dan lifetime sebesar 0,179
An Inventory Model for Deteriorating Commodity under Stock Dependent Selling Rate
Full text linkEconomic order quantity (EOQ) is one of the most important inventory policy that have to be decided
in managing an inventory system. The problem addressed in this paper concerns with the decision of the optimal
replenishment time for ordering an EOQ to a supplier. This Model is captured the affect of stock dependent
selling rate and varying price. We developed an inventory model under varying of demand-deterioration-price of
commodity when the relationship of supplier-grocery-consumer at stochastic environment. The replenishment
assumed instantaneous with zero lead time. The commodity will decay of quality according to the original
condition with randomize characteristics. First, the model is addressed to solve a problem phenomenon how long
is the optimum length of cycle time. Then, an EOQ of commodity to be ordered by will be determined by model.
To solve this problem, the first step is developed a mathematical model based on reference’s model, and then
solve the model analytically. Finally, an inventory model for deteriorating commodity under stock dependent
selling rate and considering selling price was derived by this research.
Keywords: deterioration commodity, expected profit, optimal replenishment time stock dependent selling rate
Dampak Paket Kebijakan Otomotif 1999 terhadap Daya Saing Produk C
No full textSelama hampir tiga dasa warsa industry otomotif nasional telah tumbuh dan berkembang sehingga mencapai kandungan hampir mencapai 45% untuk kendaraan niaga dan kurang dari 40% untuk kendaraan penumpang pribadi. Perubahan besar telah terjadi dengan adanya krisis ekonomi yang dimulai pada tahun 1997, ditambah lagi dengan kekalahan Indonesia di panel WTO mengenai MOBNAS mengakibatkan berbagai konsekuensi, diantaranya adalah diputuskannya oleh WTO bahwa kebijakan lokalisasi komponen otomotif dengan system insentif tidak boleh diteruskan, regulasi perpajakan dibidang otomotif nasional harus diganti dengan yang adil. Untuk itulah muncul Paket Kebijakan Industri Otomotif 1999. Yang menjadi permasalahan yang akan dikaji adalah bagaimana dampak regulasi 1999 terhadap produk otomotif nasional dan apakah produk nasional khususnya produk “C†masih bisa bertahan dalam persaingan setelah regulasi 1999 tersebut berlaku? Untuk mengkaji masalah ini pendekatan yang digunakan adalah analisis sistem rantai nilai (Value Chain System). Hasil kajian menunjukan bahwa regulasi tidak menimbulkan dampak yang berarti bagi penurunan biaya proses perakitan “C†di dalam negeri, tetapi sangat berarti dampaknya bagi produk CBU. Dengan penurunan bea masuknya membuat harga produk CBU di tangan konsumen menjadi jauh lebih rendah dibanding sebelum regulasi, hal ini membuat struktur pasar diperkirakan dapat bergeser ke produk CBU, khususnya untuk produk yang volume permintaan konsumennya rendah. Dampak terhadap persaingan baru pasca regulasi ditentukan oleh citra produk dan Nilai Tukar. Munculnya pesaing baru dalam bentuk CBU diperkirakan akan lebih banyak merebut pangsa pasar dari kelompok produk yang berada di papan bawah dibanding menyedot dari produk yang berada di posisi citra yang jauh lebih tinggi seperti produk \u27C\u27.Katakunci: Otomotif, Deregulasi, Value Chain dan Persainga
Genetic Algorithm for Solving Location Problem in a Supply Chain Network with Inbound and Outbound Product Flows
No full textThis paper considers a location problem in a supply chain network. The problem addressed in this paper is motivated by an initiative to develop an efficient supply chain network for supporting the agricultural activities. The supply chain network consists of regions, warehouses, distribution centers, plants, and markets. The products include a set of inbound products and a set of outbound products. In this paper, definitions of the inbound and outbound products are seen from the region’s point of view. The inbound product is the product demanded by regions and produced by plants which flows on a sequence of the following entities: plants, distribution centers, warehouses, and regions. The outbound product is the product demanded by markets and produced by regions and it flows on a sequence of the following entities: regions, warehouses, and markets. The problem deals with determining locations of the warehouses and the distribution centers to be opened and shipment quantities associated with all links on the network that minimizes the total cost. The problem can be considered as a strategic supply chain network problem. A solution approach based on genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed. The proposed GA is examined using hypothetical instances and its results are compared to the solution obtained by solving the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model. The comparison shows that there is a small gap (0.23%, on average) between the proposed GA and MILP model in terms of the total cost. The proposed GA consistently provides solutions with least total cost. In terms of total cost, based on the experiment, it is demonstrated that coefficients of variation are closed to 0
Genetic Algorithm for Solving Location Problem in a Supply Chain Network with Inbound and Outbound Product Flows
No full textThis paper considers a location problem in a supply chain network. The problem addressed in this paper is motivated by an initiative to develop an efficient supply chain network for supporting the agricultural activities. The supply chain network consists of regions, warehouses, distribution centers, plants, and markets. The products include a set of inbound products and a set of outbound products. In this paper, definitions of the inbound and outbound products are seen from the region’s point of view. The inbound product is the product demanded by regions and produced by plants which flows on a sequence of the following entities: plants, distribution centers, warehouses, and regions. The outbound product is the product demanded by markets and produced by regions and it flows on a sequence of the following entities: regions, warehouses, and markets. The problem deals with determining locations of the warehouses and the distribution centers to be opened and shipment quantities associated with all links on the network that minimizes the total cost. The problem can be considered as a strategic supply chain network problem. A solution approach based on genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed. The proposed GA is examined using hypothetical instances and its results are compared to the solution obtained by solving the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model. The comparison shows that there is a small gap (0.23%, on average) between the proposed GA and MILP model in terms of the total cost. The proposed GA consistently provides solutions with least total cost. In terms of total cost, based on the experiment, it is demonstrated that coefficients of variation are closed to 0
A Buffer Stocks Model for Stabilizing Price of Commodity under Limited Time of Supply and Continuous Consumption
Full text linkStaple foods, in developing countries especially in Indonesia, have extremely volatile among harvest
and planting season caused by inelastic of supply-demand and price disparity. When a staple food is shortage
in market, it will trigger crisis of economics, political and social because it concerns with food security. This
paper develops a buffer stock model for stabilizing price of commodity under limited time of supply and
continuous consumption. The performance criterion of model will consider financial loss of producer, consumer
and government side when market is interfered by price-stabilization program and price-support program
simultaneously. The price fluctuation will be stabilized by market operation where buffer stocks are bought
from domestic and import supply point. This paper provides a price band policy that attempts to bound
domestic price variation between a set of upper and lower bounds on the level of domestic prices. We consider
three sets of problems reflecting different three prices elasticity from 4 period of supply and demand.
Numerical examples are found to be consistent with empirical estimates regarding the relationship price
elasticity with price band and with government budget for the agenda of assisting household to assure
availability a staple food with enough amounts at rational prices.
Keywords: buffer stocks, price band, stabilization, limited time of supply, staple foods
A Buffer Stocks Model for Stabilizing Price in Duopoly-Like Market
Full text linkThis paper presents the staple-food distribution problem in agro-industry. There is a great difference
of staple-food supplies in the harvest-season and in the planting-season meanwhile the demand is relatively
constant. This situation will trigger price-volatility and shortage of staple-food, and it causes opportunity-losses for the stakeholders (producer, consumer, wholesaler/trader, and the government). For stabilizing the
price, the government has several stabilization policies; one of them is market-intervention policy by using
buffer-stocks schemes. The market-intervention policy should be utilized for improving producer’s profit, for
cutting consumer’s expenditure, and for sustaining wholesaler’s margin-profit by implementing price-support
and price-stabilization. In duopoly-like market, we assume that there are only two market-players in the
distribution system. The objective of this research is to determine the instruments for operating Market-Intervention Program which consist of the quantity, time, and price of the buffer-stocks schemes. The problem
was solved using 3 approaches. First, a comparative cost/benefit analysis between free-market and
intervention-market can be used to formulate the objective function of each stakeholders. Second, the
integration of optimization model and econometrics model were use to develop the decision-variables subject
to the expectation of stakeholders, the buffer-stocks requirement, and the dynamics price equilibrium
properties. Third, model market with Inventory was applied for solving the market-price equilibrium. The
result could be used to analyze such the staple-food distribution system, incorporating the configuration of
duo-producers, duo market-buyers, and duo-consumers.
Keywords: buffer-stocks, duopoly-like market, market-intervention program, model market with inventory,
and staple-food distribution system
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
