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Isolasi, Elusidasi Struktur, dan Uji Bioaktivitas Alkaloid dari Akar Kemuning (Murraya exotica L.)
No full textIsolation and structure elucidation of an alkaloid, a bioactive compound from the roots of the Indonesian medicinal plant Kemuning, Murraya exotica (Rutaceae), including the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) have been carried out. The bioactivity test using Artemia salina, isolation and purification of the ethyl acetate extract performed by column chromatography gave yellow crystals. Based on ultraviolet, infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-&13C-NMR) and gas chromatographymass spectra the isolated bioactive compound is an indole alkaloid typical to yuehchukene
Studi Pendahuluan Mikroba Endofitik Penghasil Senyawa Terpen dari Tanaman Artenisia annua
No full textSome endophytic microbes were isolated from medicinal plant Artemisia annua collected of Tawangmangu and Cibinong. Microbe isolate were made on corn meal malt agur supplemented with chloramphenicol and nutrient agar supplemented with nystatin from tissue subjected after the triple surface sterilization procedure. The potencies of these isolates to produce-terpene compounds were screenned by phytochemistry analysis, thin layer chromatography (tlc) and high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) after fermentation in four different medium. The results showed that 6 isolates from 17 microbe isolates can produce terpene compounds
Identification of a Triterpenoid Saponin from Seeds of Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz
No full textBarringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz (nama local: keben) termasuk ke dalam suku Lecythidaceae, dan biasanya digunakan sebagai racun ikan. Tanarnan ini banyak tumbuh di sekitar pantai, sepanjang sungai, atau di hutan bakau. Secara tradisional, keben digunakan untuk pengobatan yang pemakaiannya berbeda-beda di setiap daerah, seperti obat sakit perut, hernia, dan sakit kepala. Biji tanaman ini mengandung saponin yang diperkirakan berperan sebagai zat bioaktifnya. Ekstrak metanol dari biji ini dipartisi dengan etilasetat- air (1:1) dan ekstrak air yang diperoleh dimurnikan dengan kromatografi kolom (LH-20; MeOH; MeOH 50%; air) hingga memberikan suatu serbuk amorf yang berwarna coklat. Dari hasil identifikasi struktur kimia dengan FT-IR, RMI (protondan karbon), diperkirakan komponen ini adalah senyawa triterpenoidsaponin 3-0-{[ β -D-galaktopiranosi1(1→3)-β-D-glukopiranosil(1→2)]-β-D-glukuronopiranosiloksi}-22- O-(2-metilbutiroiloksiy-15,16,28-trihidroksi-(3β,15α,16 α,22 α)-olean-12-en
Aktivitas Penghambatan α-glukosidase dan Peredaman Radikal Bebas Ekstrak Kapang Endofit yang Diisolasi dari Rimpang Kunyit
Get PDFAbstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the metabolic disorders that causes an increase in blood sugar levels above normal the normal threshold. The case of diabetes is usually accompanied by an increase in free radicals in the patient’s body. In Indonesia, one of the plants traditionally used to treat high blood sugar levels and contains antioxidant compounds is turmeric. The use of endophytic fungi from medicinal plants as a source of active compounds is widely carried out. Therefore this research aims to determine the antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of the extract of turmeric endophytic fungi from Bogor in vitro. The antidiabetic test used the method of inhibiting of α-glucosidase enzymes, while the antioxidant test used the method of reducing free radicals 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The test results show that the five endophytic mold ethyl acetate extracts have the ability to inhibit the α-glukosidase enzyme and antioxidant activity. Ethyl acetate extract isolate Bo.Ci.Cl.R5 was the most active in α-the the inhibitory activity of a glucosidase enzyme activity and free radical reduction with IC50 values of 336.22 μg/mL and 91.70 μg/mL respectively. Therefore extract of endophytic fungi isolates Bo.Ci.Cl.R5 isolate has the potential to be developed as an alternative raw material for antidiabetic drugs.
Abstrak
Diabetes melitus merupakan salah satu kerusakan metabolisme tubuh yang menyebabkan naiknya kadar gula dalam darah di atas ambang batas normal. Kasus diabetes biasanya diiringi oleh meningkatnya radikal bebas dalam tubuh penderita. Di Indonesia, salah satu tanaman yang secara tradisional digunakan untuk mengobati kadar gula darah yang tinggi dan mengandung senyawa antioksidan ialah tanaman kunyit. Pemanfaatan kapang endofit asal tanaman berkhasiat obat sebagai sumber senyawa aktif banyak dilakukan. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antidiabetes dan antioksidan dari ekstrak kapang endofit rimpang kunyit asal Bogor secara in vitro. Uji antidiabetes menggunakan metode penghambatan aktivitas enzim α-glukosidase, sedangkan uji antioksidan menggunakan metode peredaman radikal bebas 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kelima ekstrak etil asetat kapang endofit memiliki kemampuan dalam menghambat enzim α-glukosidase dan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Ekstrak etil asetat isolat Bo.Ci.Cl.R5 merupakan yang paling aktif pada uji aktivitas penghambatan aktivitas enzim α-glukosidase dan peredaman radikal bebas dengan nilai IC50 masing-masing uji sebesar 336,22 μg/mL dan 91,70 μg/mL. Oleh karena itu ekstrak isolat kapang endofit Bo.Ci.Cl.R5 berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai alternatif bahan baku obat antidiabetes
IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT KULIT KAYU MASSOI
Get PDFMassoi digunakan oleh masyarakat lokal Papua sebagai obat tradisional. Bagian yang dimanfaatkan dari tumbuhan ini adalah kulit kayu yang diekstraksi untuk menghasilkan minyak. Pemanfaatan kulit kayu Massoi oleh masyarakat lokal selama ini masih dirasakan kurang optimal, oleh karena belum banyaknya penelitian terkait kandungan senyawa kimia dan khasiat pengunaan kulit kayu Massoi secara farmakologis. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa bioaktif ekstrak etil asetat kulit kayu Massoi serta menguji aktivitasnya sebagai antibakteri, antioksidan dan mengetahui tingkat toksisitasnya.Kulit kayu Massoi diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol dan dipartisidengan pelarut air : etil asetat sebesar 12,12 ppm 50 50 sebesar 44,02 ppm. Hasil pemisahan senyawanya yang dilakukan dengan kromatografi kolom didapat 7 fraksi yang dikelompokkan berdasarkan profil kromatogram KLT hasil kromatografi kolom yang meliputi bentuk noda, warna, dan waktu retensinya. Hasil analisis KCKT didapatkan fraksi dengan area terbesar terdapat pada fraksi 4 sebesar 95042975 pada waktu retensi 10,050 menit. Fraksi 4 dianalisis dengan menggunakan GC-MS untuk mengetahui komponen senyawa yang terdapat di dalamnya, hasil analisisnya didapatkan 13 senyawa terbesar yang mempunyai persen kemiripan antara95-99 % dari data Library program GC-MS
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Potensi Ekstrak Kapang Endofit Asal Rimpang Kunyit Sebagai Antimalaria dan Antioksidan
Get PDFMalaria infection is still a public health problem, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia. Malaria infection is usually accompanied by increased free radicals in the body of the patient. This situation will cause decreasing the immune system of the patient. Explorating of new drugs that have antimalarial and also antioxidant activity is very important. Therefore, this study aims to determine in vitro antimalarial and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi extract origin turmeric from Sukabumi. This study begins with fermentation process of endophytic fungi on the broth medium and ethyl acetate was used to extract the filtrat to gain the test extracts. Heme polymerization inhibition and free radical DPPH scavenging method were used to antimalarial and antioxidant in vitro assay respectively. The results showed that 18 isolates of endophytic fungi have antimalarial activity and one isolate inactive and also all isolates have antioxidant activity. Smi.Cl.6F isolate was the most active isolate on the antimalarial and antioxidant assay with IC50 value of each assay were 1.93 mg/mL and 32.28 mg/L respectively. Therefore, Smi.Cl.6F isolates potentially be used as new antimalarial drug
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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