1,720,971 research outputs found
The energy cost of shuttle running
No full textThe aim of this study was to: (1) determine directly the energy cost of shuttle running (CSh) and (2) compare it to the values indirectly estimated from kinematic data. CSh over distances of ≈10 or ≈20 m was determined on 65 subjects (group 1) from gas exchange measurements over 155 trials, or indirectly estimated on 10 subjects (group 2) from the time course of the speed as follows. (1) The cost to accelerate from zero to peak speed was estimated assuming a 25 % efficiency and added to that of constant-speed running, as obtained on subjects of group 1. (2) Since (i) accelerated running on flat terrain is equivalent to running uphill at constant speed, on a slope dictated by the forward acceleration (di Prampero et al. in J Exp Biol 208:2809-2816, 2005), and (ii) the energy cost of running uphill is known, CSh was obtained from the time course of the acceleration. CSh increased with the average speed, at any given speed being significantly greater for the shorter distances; e.g., at ≈4 m/s over 10 m, it amounted to ≈14 J/(kg m), i.e., 3.5-fold larger than that at constant speed. The two indirect methods yielded results not significantly different from CSh over the longer (≈20 m), but underestimated it over the shorter (≈10 m) distances. From our results, over ≈20 m CSh can be obtained with sufficient accuracy from actual measurements of peak speed alone, thus, greatly simplifying the experimental procedure. The so-obtained data can then be utilized to assess the athletic status of any subject, as well as to plan appropriate training strategies. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
The value of didactic-pedagogical skills of canoe-polo technical
Full text linkCanoe-polo is a team sport. It is played in over 50 countries around the world. The role of coach concerns not only the technical – tactics skills but also the managerial, organizational and logistical skills of the players. From the point of view of teaching methodology, the canoe polo coach must be aware of the fact that his role always involves the role of teacher, and to excel in the performance of this function, must possess a number of characteristics that define the area of his specifically pedagogical jurisdiction The aim of the research is to define the elements characterizing the performance model in canoe polo that are the most important in developing a technique, tactics and conditional plan in order to provide the coach the most appropriate knowledge to organize a didactically coherent process to the requires of the group – team. The experimental research was carried out on two subjects of the 2010 Italian champions (CN Posillipo in Naples), during eight matches of the Italian Canoe Polo Championship. The research project provided for the monitoring of the heart rate (HR) during the races by teams polar heart rate monitors system, with a sampling rate of 5s per subject. The acquisitions were subsequently analyzed with a dedicated software Polar Pro Trainer 5.2. The results in this pilot study show, canoe-polo like many other team games where you use a ball, it is an intermittent sport with a high metabolic intensity (4.8)
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