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PENGARUH LIMBAH PLASTIK BOTOL (LELEH) SEBAGAI MATERIAL TAMBAH TERHADAP KUAT LENTUR BETON
Get PDFIn construction concrete is the most widely used building material in the world, both in construction. Concrete is a composite building material made from a combination of aggregate and cement binder. The most common form of concrete is portland cement concrete, which consists of mineral aggregates (gravel, and sand), cement and water.
Indonesia is the country with the 2nd largest plastic waste producer in the world on June 7, 2017, with data on the amount of plastic in the high seas of Indonesia reaching 0.48-1.29 million tons annually. Therefore, one way to cope with plastic waste, on this occasion the author tries to conduct an experiment about the Effect of Utilization of Bottled Plastic Waste as an Additional Material on Concrete Flexural Strength.
This research was carried out by making concrete with the addition of alternative polymeric materials, namely plastic bottle waste (PET). The variation of the percentage of the addition of plastic bottle waste in this study is 0%, 2%, 3%, 5% of the mass of cement and concrete material used materials originating from Kampar Regency and Padang cement with the type of PCC (Portland Composite Cement).
The results of the flexural strength test, obtained the quality of concrete has decreased, which in the mix of 3% decreased concrete quality is quite low from the mixture (0%, 2%, 3% & 5%), from 53.93 kg / cm2 in the mixture of 0% to 45.09 kg / cm2 in a mixture of 3%.Dalam konstruksi beton merupakan bahan bangunan yang paling banyak di pakai di dunia, baik di konstruksi. Beton adalah sebuah bahan bangunan komposit yang terbuat dari kombinasi agregat dan pengikat semen. Bentuk paling umum dari beton adalah beton semen portland, yang terdiri dari agregat mineral (kerikil, dan pasir), semen dan air.
Indonesia merupakan negara dengan menghasil limbah plastik terbesar ke-2 didunia pada 7 juni 2017, dengan data jumlah plastik di laut lepas Indonesia mencapai 0,48-1,29 juta ton pertahunnya. Oleh sebab itu, salah satu cara untuk menanggulangi sampah plastik, di kesempatan ini penulis mencoba untuk melakukan ekperimen tentang Pengaruh Pemanfaatan Limbah plastik Botol Sebagai Material Tambahan Terhadap Kuat Lentur Beton.
Penelitian ini dilakukan pembuatan beton dengan penambahan bahan polimer alternatif yaitu limbah botol plastik (PET). Variasi persentase penambahan limbah botol plastik dalam penelitian ini adalah 0%, 2%, 3% ,5% dari masa semen dan material beton digunakan material yang berasal dari Kabupaten Kampar dan semen Padang dengan type PCC (Portland Composite Cement).
Hasil uji kuat lentur, didapatkan mutu beton mengalami penurunan, yang mana pada capuran 3% penurunan mutu beton cukup rendah dari campuran yang (0%,2%,3% & 5%) yaitu dari 53.93 kg/cm2 pada campuran 0% menjadi 45.09 kg/cm2 pada campuran 3%.  
ANALISA PERBANDINGAN DUA MEREK SEMEN DENGAN KEBERSIHAN MATERIAL TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN BETON K-250
Get PDFConcrete is a material that is often used in building construction, because concrete is easily made in accordance with the desired shape and the material used is widely available in nature. The materials used in making concrete are sand, gravel / split, water and cement as a binder. Concrete materials are obtained in nature mixed with other substances such as plants, plastics, mud and others. The quality of concrete is influenced by the materials used and the cleanliness of the material. This study examines the effect of material cleanliness on the quality of the concrete produced. The sand material comes from Bingkuang lake in Kampar district, this stone from stone in Kampar district, water from bore wells and adhesives is used from two suppliers. The planned concrete is K-250. Cleanliness of the material by washing and not being washed. The age of the concrete was analyzed at 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. The results of analysis using brand A binder with the cleaned material obtained concrete quality K-281.75 and using unclean materials obtained concrete quality K-217.15. There was a reduction in concrete quality of 22.93%. The analysis results using brand B binder with cleaning agent, K-303,84 concrete quality and using uncleaned material, K-203,40 concrete quality. There was a decrease in the quality of concrete by 33.06%. Thus the use of non-clean materials can reduce the quality of concrete by 20-30%
PEMANFAATAN PASIR LOKAL DI PROVINSI RIAU DALAM PEMBUATAN FORMULA MORTAR BUSA UNTUK PERKERASAN JALAN
Get PDFProvinsi Riau memiliki tanah dengan daya dukung rendah (gambut) yang terluas di Pulau Sumatera, kedalaman gambutnya di beberapa tempat dapat mencapai 16 meter. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan pembangunan jalan di atas tanah gambut cepat mengalami penurunan dan kerusakan. Pusat Penelitian Jalan dan Jembatan (PUSJATAN) pada tahun 2013 menemukan teknologi Timbunan Ringan Mortar Busa. Mortar busa ini bisa digunakan sebagai pengganti tanah timbun (sub base) dan pengganti lapisan pondasi (base), Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, maka peneliti menggunakan pasir yang terdapat di provinsi Riau dalam pembuatan formulasi mortar busa. Tiga sumber pasir yang digunakan yaitu pasir Danau berasal dari jembatan Danau Bingkuang di Kab. Kampar, pasir Teratak Buluh dari jembatan Teratak Buluh di Kab. Kampar, dan pasir Rengat berasal dari Desa Pasir Ringgit Kec. Lirik di Kab. Indragiri Hulu. Standar yang digunakan dalam pembuatan mortar busa adalah Surat Edaran Menteri PUPR RI no.44/SE/M/2015, tentang Pedoman Perancangan Campuran Material Ringan, dengan syarat untuk pengganti tanah timbun (sub base) berat volume 800 kPa, pengganti ganti lapisan pondasi (base) berat volume 2000 kPa. Untuk membuat formulasi tersebut dimulai dari pembuatan busa dengan menggunakan stik gun dan pembuatan mortar dengan cara mengukur berat semen yang digunakan, lalu menentukan perbandingan pasir dan semen serta menentukan pengaruh gradasi pasir. Sehingga didapatkan formula mortar busa yang sesuai standar dengan menggunakan pasir lokal yang ada di provinsi Riau untuk pembuatan perkerasan jalan di atas tanah lunak dan gambu
ANALISA PERBANDINGAN JADWAL PELAKSANAAN PROYEK ANTARA CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CPM) DAN KURVA-S Pada Peningkatan Jalan Sei Pakning (KM. 130) – Teluk Mesjid – Simpang Pusako.
Get PDFPerencanaan merupakan proses pemilihan informasi dan pembuatan asumsi-asumsi mengenai keadaan dimasa yang akan datang untuk merumuskan kegiatan-kegiatan yang perlu dilakukan dalam rangka pencapaian tujuan yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya. Penjadwalan proyek pada umumnya menggunakan metode Kurva S, Kurva S sendiri memiliki kekurangan yakni informasi yang disampaikan tidak detail dan hanya terbatas untuk menilai kemajuan proyek. berbeda dengan Critical Path Method (CPM), metode ini merupakan jalur tercepat untuk mengerjakan suatu proyek dimana setiap proyek yang termasuk pada jalur ini tidak diberikan waktu jeda atau istirahat untuk pengerjaannya. Terjadi selisih waktu pelaksanaan terhadap sistem penjadwalan yang dibuat oleh kontraktor dimana untuk pekerjaan Mobilisasi Kurva-S dibutuhkan waktu 14 hari,CPM hanya 14 hari, Pekerjaan penyiapan badan jalan di Kurva-S dibutuhkan waktu 21 hari, CPM hanya 7 hari, Pekerjaan lapis pondasi agregat kelas B di Kurva-S dibutuhkan waktu 21 hari, CPM hanya 13 hari, Pekerjaan lapis pondasi Agregat kelas A di Kurva-S dibutuhkan waktu 21 hari, CPM hanya 17 hari, Pekerjaan lapis resap pengikat di Kurva-S dibutuhkan waktu 21 hari, CPM hanya 4 hari, Pekerjaan Laston Lapis Aus Perata (AC-WC(L)) di Kurva-S dibutuhkan waktu 7 hari, CPM hanya 1 hari, Pekerjaan Laston lapis antara (AC-BC) di Kurva-S dibutuhkan waktu 21 hari, CPM hanya 11 hari, Pekerjaan lapis perekat di Kurva-S dibutuhkan waktu 21 hari, CPM hanya 4 hari, Pekerjaan Laston lapis Aus (AC-WC) di Kurva-S dibutuhkan waktu 21 hari, CPM hanya 8 hari
PENGARUH MANAJEMEN PENGENDALIAN MATERIAL DALAM MENCEGAH DAN MENGATASI KETERLAMBATAN PROYEK BANGUNAN DI MADRASAH ALIYAH KEJURUAN (MAK) ROKAN HULU
Get PDFMaterial requirements planning requires information that can support the project activities so that the linkage of supply and use of materials to a work can proceed smoothly and delayed ordering schedule which may cause increased costs to the project as much as may not occur. Given the magnitude of losses caused by material delays, and with the discovery of material factors as one of the factors causing delays in building projects that are quite dominant, it is necessary to attempt to prevent delay factors due to the material. The purpose of this research is to know the ranking (ranking) item of material control program in preventing and overcoming the delay. In this study using a survey with a questionnaire tool which is the main thing for data collection. The results of questionnaires are incarnate in numbers, tables, descriptions and conclusions. By asking written questions about the material control program of building construction projects to the respondents. Prior to filling out the questionnaire, the purpose and objectives of the study were first explained to the respondents. The result of this research is obtained by material control program to prevent delay which is Control Schedule plan of material use for each work item and how to overcome the delay in the way when the delay occurs because Supplier experience something, then use Supplier backup.
 
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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