548 research outputs found
Not Available
No full textNot AvailableCabbage and cauliflower are important cole crops grown
in India, accounting for about ten percent of the total
vegetable production of the country (Anon, 2011). Black
rot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris
(Pammel) Dowson is one of the causes which limit the
commercial production of the crops. The bacteria can
attack the crops at both seedling and planting stages
and the infection results from infected seeds. Due to
the diseases, there is an extensive loss in the field and
quality of curds and yield as well as vigour of the seed
crop (Kashyap and Dhiman, 2009). Under severe attack
of this disease, substantial reduction in the yield to the
tune of 5 to 70% has been reported (Sharma and
Ramchandra, 1991). Management of the disease is
restricted to use of resistant cultivars, hot water
treatment of seeds followed by application of antibiotics
or protectant fungicides (Hilderbrand, 1994), but the
control has been only partial. Keeping this at the backdrop
an effort was directed to use seed treatment, root
dipping, antibiotics and spray of bactericides and biocontrol
agents in combination as well as in solo for the
management of the menace, under field conditions.
Field trials under the All India Co-ordinate Research
Project on Vegetable Crops were conducted at the
Research farm, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research,
Varanasi during Rabi seasons of 2008-09, 2009-10 and
2010-11. The crop was sown in end November with a
spacing of 20 cm× 15 cm. The plot size was 2.4 m ×
2.4m. The varieties used were ‘Hajipur local’ of cabbage
and cauliflower respectively. Twelve treatments
comprising of hot water seed treatment, seed treatment
with streptomycin sulphate and Pseudomonas
fluorescens, combination of seed treatment and spraying
Sujoy Saha, M. Loganathan, A. B. Rai and B. Singh
Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi-221305, U.P.
India
Management of black rot of cabbage and cauliflower by seed treatment,
root dipping and foliar spray of antibiotics and biocontrol agents
Sujoy Saha, M Loganathan, AB Rai and B Singh
Received : September, 2013 / Accepted : November, 2013
with streptomycin sulphate, copper oxychloride, and
Pseudomonas fluorescens, and combination of seed
treatments, root dipping and foliar spray, both with
Pseudomonas fluorescens were evaluated diseases. The
treatments were laid down in RBD with three
replications. First spraying was done when initial
symptoms of the disease were observed during third
week of January. Observations of disease were taken
when the untreated control showed maximum infection,
using the scale, 0-5 (Kashyap and Dhiman, 2010).Not Availabl
Expression pattern of VEGFR-2 (Quek1) during quail development
No full textThe growth and maintenance of the blood and lymphatic vascular systems is to a large extent controlled by members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family via the tyrosine kinase receptors (VEGFRs) expressed in angioblastic cells. Here, we analyzed the Quek1 (VEGFR-2) expression pattern by whole mount in situ hybridization during quail development. During early embryogenesis, Quek1 expression was detected at the caudal end of the blastoderm and primitive streak and in the head paraxial mesoderm. In somites, expression was observed from HH-stage 9 onwards in the dorsolateral region of both the forming and recently formed somites. During somite maturation, expression persists in the lateral portion of the somitic compartments, the dermomyotome and the sclerotome. Additionally, a second expression domain in the maturing somite was observed in the medial part of the sclerotome adjacent to the neural tube. This expression domain extended medially and dorsally and surrounded the neural tube during later stages. In the notochord, expression was observed from HH-stage 23 onwards. In the limb bud, expression was initiated in the mesenchyme at HH-stage 17. During organogenesis, expression was detected in the pharyngeal arches and in the anlagen of the esophagus, trachea, stomach, lungs, liver, heart and gut. Expression was also seen in feather buds from day 7 onwards. Our results confirm the angiogenic potential of the mesoderm and suggest that VEGFR-2 expressing cells represent multiple pools of mesodermal precursors of the hematopoietic and angiopoietic lineages
Inquiry of inclined magnetic field effects on Walter –B nanofluid flow with heat generation / absorption
No full textThe article deals with Walter-B nanoliquid flow towards a extending surface with inclined magnetic field effects. Thermal relaxation analysis is made by non fourier heat flux model. Radiation, heat generation / absorption impacts are included. The non linear Partial governing systems are rebuild into nonlinear ordinary systems with the assist of proper similarity transformations. The graphical results are portrayed for velocity, concentration and temperature profile. The physical entitles of heat and mass transfer rates are graphically reported. The comparission with previous results notified the excellent agreement.Loganathan, K.Nithyadevi, N.Boopathi, P.Mohana, K
Perfluorooctanesulfonate and Related Fluorochemicals in Human Blood from Several Countries
No full textPerfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride based compounds have been used in a wide variety of consumer products, such as carpets, upholstery, and textiles. These compounds degrade to perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), a persistent metabolite that accumulates in tissues of humans and wildlife. Previous studies have reported the occurrence of PFOS, perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and perfluorooctanesulfonamide (PFOSA) in human sera collected from the United States. In this study, concentrations of PFOS, PFHxS, PFOA, and PFOSA were measured in 473 human blood/serum/plasma samples collected from the United States, Colombia, Brazil, Belgium, Italy, Poland, India, Malaysia, and Korea. Among the four perfluorochemicals measured, PFOS was the predominant compound found in blood. Concentrations of PFOS were the highest in the samples collected from the United States and Poland (>30 ng/mL); moderate in Korea, Belgium, Malaysia, Brazil, Italy, and Colombia (3 to 29 ng/mL); and lowest in India (<3 ng/mL). PFOA was the next most abundant perfluorochemical in blood samples, although the frequency of occurrence of this compound was relatively low. No age- or gender-related differences in the concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were found in serum samples. The degree of association between the concentrations of four perfluorochernicals varied, depending on the origin of the samples. These results suggested the existence of sources with varying levels and compositions of perfluorochemicals, and differences in exposure patterns to these chemicals, in various countries. In addition to the four target fluorochemicals measured, qualitative analysis of selected blood samples showed the presence of other perfluorochernicals such as perfluoro-decanesulfonate (PFDS), perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) in serum samples, at concentrations approximately 5- to 10-fold lower than the concentration of PFOS. Further studies should focus on identifying sources and pathways of human exposure to perfluorochernicals
Contamination Profile and Temporal Trend of POPs in Antarctic Biota
No full textThe continent of Antarctica is a cold desert surrounded by the Southern Ocean; its northern boundary is the Antarctic circumpolar current (ACC), commonly referred to as the polar front. The ACC is formed where cold seawaters sink beneath the northerly warmer waters. It acts as a biological barrier: organisms are not able to cross it because of the deeply different physicochemical properties of seawaters. Thus, only large animals can cross it (cetaceans, seabirds). The atmosphere over the southern hemisphere shows also a polar front where the Ferrell Cell (mid-latitude air circulation) meets the polar cell: in the former, the air flows toward the poles and eastward near the surface and equatorially and westerly at higher altitudes. At the front, air rises and travels towards the pole, where it sinks forming the polar highs. The Antarctic continent and the Southern Ocean are almost isolated from the other oceans and air masses and thus the turnover is very low. These geographical and air/ocean circulation features make this region of the planet difficult to be reached by persistent organic pollutants (POPs). At the same time, other characteristics of the continent and of the Southern Ocean affect the sinking and bioaccumulation of POPs in abiotic and biotic compartments of Antarctic ecosystems. © 2012 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Newtonian Heating Effects of Oldroyd-B Liquid Flow with Cross-Diffusion and Second Order Slip
No full textThe current study highlights the Newtonian heating and second-order slip velocity with cross-diffusion effects on Oldroyd-B liquid flow. The modified Fourier heat flux is included in the energy equation system. The present problem is modeled with the physical governing system. The complexity of the governing system was reduced to a nonlinear ordinary system with the help of suitable transformations. A homotopy algorithm was used to validate the nonlinear system. This algorithm was solved via MATHEMATICA software. Their substantial aspects are further studied and reported in detail. We noticed that the influence of slip velocity order two is lower than the slip velocity order one.Loganathan, K.Tamilvanan, K.Viloria, AmelecVarela, NoelPineda Lezama, Omar Bonerg
(∈,∈∨q˘)-Bipolar Fuzzy b-Ideals of BCK/BCI-Algebras
No full textIn this paper, the idea of ∈,∈∨q˘-bipolar fuzzy b-ideals and an ∈,∈∨q˘-bipolar fuzzy ideals of BCK/BCI-algebras is delivered, and their related properties are investigated with the aid of some examples. We also provide the connection between ∈,∈∨q˘-bipolar fuzzy ideals and bipolar fuzzy ideals and ∈,∈∨q˘-bipolar fuzzy b-ideals and bipolar fuzzy b-ideals by way of counterexamples
Q50, an Iron-Chelating and Zinc-Complexing Agent, Improves Cardiac Function in Rat Models of Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Myocardial Injury
No full textBackground: Reperfusion of ischemic myocardium may contribute to substantial cardiac tissue damage, but the addition of iron chelators, zinc or zinc complexes has been shown to prevent heart from reperfusion injury. We investigated the possible beneficial effects of an iron-chelating and zinc-complexing agent, Q50, in rat models of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial infarction and on global reversible myocardial I/R injury after heart transplantation. Methods and Results: Rats underwent 45-min myocardial ischemia by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation followed by 24h reperfusion. Vehicle or Q50 (10mg/kg, IV) were given 5min before reperfusion. In a heart transplantation model, donor rats received vehicle or Q50 (30mg/kg, IV) 1h before the onset of ischemia. In myocardial infarcted rats, increased left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes were significantly decreased by Q50 post treatment as compared with the sham group. Moreover, in I/R rat hearts, the decreased dP/dtmax and load-independent contractility parameters were significantly increased after Q50. However, Q50 treatment did not reduce infarct size or have any effect on increased plasma cardiac troponin-T-levels. In the rat model of heart transplantation, 1h after reperfusion, decreased left ventricular systolic pressure, dP/dtmax, dP/dtmin and myocardial ATP content were significantly increased and myocardial protein expression of superoxide dismutase-1 was upregulated after Q50 treatment. Conclusions: In 2 experimental models of I/R, administration of Q50 improved myocardial function. Its mechanisms of action implicate in part the restoration of myocardial high-energy phosphates and upregulation of antioxidant enzymes. (Circ J 2013; 77: 1817–1826
Extracellular Matrix Dynamics in Biology, Bioengineering, and Pathology
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