147 research outputs found
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Assessing the performance of demand-side strategies and renewables : cost and energy implications for the residential sector
No full texttextMany public and private entities have heavily invested in efficiency measures and renewable sources to generate energy savings and reduce fossil fuel consumption. Private utilities have invested over $4 billion in energy efficiency with 56% of these investments directed towards consumer incentives. However, the magnitude of the expected savings and the effectiveness of the technological measures remain uncertain. Multiple studies attribute the reasons driving these uncertainties to behavioral phenomena such as “the rebound effect.” This work provides insights on the uncertainties generating potential differences between expected and observed performances of demand-side measures (DSM) and distributed generation strategies, using mixed methods that employ both empirical analyses and engineering economics. This study also provides guidelines to stakeholders to effectively use the benefits from DSM strategies towards asset preservation for affordable multifamily houses. Section 2 describes how joint efficiency gains compare to similar singular efficiency gains for single-family households and discusses the implications of these differences. This work provides empirical models of marginal technical change for multiple residential electricity end-uses, including space conditioning technologies, appliances, devices, and electric vehicles. Results indicate that the relative household level of technological sophistication significantly influences the performance of demand-side measures, particularly the presence of a programmable thermostat. As to space conditioning, results demonstrate that sufficient consistent technical improvement leads to net energy savings, which could be due to technical factors or to a declining marginal rebound effect. Section 3 empirically evaluates the performance of distributed residential photovoltaic (PV) solar panels and identifies the technological and demographic factors influencing PV performance and adoption choice. Results show that modeling PV adoption choice significantly impacts the household energy demand, suggesting that the differences in the actual evaluated behavioral responses and the self-reported changes in electricity consumption are more complex than assumed by other studies. The analysis indicates that electricity use decreases marginally for PV adopters if sufficient efficiency improvements in space conditioning are made. Results further imply that households that adopt solar panels might “take back” roughly 24% of the annual electricity production for PV technologies. Section 4 describes replicable engineering economic models for estimating conventional rehabilitation, energy, and water retrofit costs for low-income multi-family housing units. The purpose of this study is to prioritize policy interventions aimed at maintaining property location and use, and to identify the capital investment needs that could be partially provided by local and state housing authorities. Section 5 synthesizes the work, describes the future work, provides guidelines for local and state efficiency program administrators, and insights on prioritizing and designing efficiency interventions.Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineerin
Investigation of a core/shell Ising nanoparticle: Thermal and magnetic properties
No full textThe phase diagrams and magnetic hysteresis behavior of a spin-1/2 Ising core/shell nanoparticle are investigated by the use of the effective field theory with a probability distribution technique that accounts for the self-spin correlation functions. Nearest-neighbor pair interactions are incorporated between the Ising spins in the three parts of the nanoparticle that are core, core/shell and surface shell. The effects of the external magnetic field and core/shell exchange interaction on the thermal magnetization and susceptibility of the system are examined. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Hysteresis loop behaviors of a decorated double-walled cubic nanotube
No full textThe effect of surface shell parameters on the hysteresis loop behaviors of a decorated Ising cubic nanotube, consisting of a ferromagnetic spin-12 core which is interacting ferrimagnetically with a ferromagnetic spin-1 surface shell, is investigated, in the present work, within the effective-field theory with correlations based on the probability distribution technique. We have found that these parameters have a strong effect on the shape and the number of hysteresis loops and also on the coercive field and remanent magnetization behaviors. Indeed, triple, quintuple, septuple and nonuple hysteresis loop patterns have also been observed.</p
Magnetic behaviors of a transverse spin-1/2 Ising cubic nanowire with core/shell structure
No full textThe surface shell exchange coupling effect on the magnetic properties (surface shell, core, total longitudinal and total transverse magnetizations, susceptibility, phase diagram and hysteresis loops) of a transverse spin-1/2 Ising cubic nanowire is investigated, in the present work, by employing the effective-field theory based on the probability distribution technique with correlations, for both ferro-and antiferromagnetic cases. We have found that this parameter has a strong effect on the magnetic properties in both cases. In the ferromagnetic case, the total longitudinal magnetization curves display Q-and S-type behaviors and the hysteresis loop has just one loop, whereas in the antiferromagnetic case, the N-type behavior, in which one compensation temperature appears below the critical temperature, exists in the total longitudinal magnetization curve versus reduced temperature, and triple hysteresis loops are found. The effect of applied field is also investigated on the total longitudinal magnetization for the both cases, and we have found that a large applied field value can overcome the antiferromagnetic coupling leading to a ferromagnetic-like behavior
Triggered searches for gravitational-wave transients associated with high-energy neutrinos using coherent WaveBurst
No full textWe present a data analysis procedure which aims at searching for gravitational-wave transients in coincidence with highenergy neutrinos. In this procedure, the time and direction of the high-energy neutrinos are used to define the time interval and sky region where the available gravitational-wave data will be searched. The pipeline essentially relies on coherent WaveBurst (cWB), an all-sky all-time search pipeline for gravitational-wave bursts. Changes have been made in order to restrict the production of cWB events consistent in time and direction with the neutrino candidates. The pipeline allows the analysis of thousandths of neutrino candidates in a bandwidth ranging up to several kHz with standard computing ressources. A comparison with earlier analyses is presented using a set of simulated neutrino candidates and time-shifted gravitational-wave data
Magnetic properties of a single transverse Ising ferrimagnetic nanoparticle
No full textUsing the effective field theory with a probability distribution technique that accounts for the self-spin correlation function, the thermal and the magnetic properties of a single Ising nanoparticle consisting of a ferromagnetic core, a ferromagnetic surface shell and a ferrimagnetic interface coupling are examined. The effect of the transverse held in the surface shell, the exchange interactions between core/shell and in surface shell on the free energy, thermal magnetization, specific heat and susceptibility are studied. A number of interesting phenomena have been found such as the existence of the compensation phenomenon and the magnetization profiles exhibit P-type, N-type and Q-type behaviors. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p
Erratum: All-sky search for gravitational-wave bursts in the first joint LIGO-GEO-Virgo run (Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology (2010) 81 (102001))
No full textThis paper was published online on 5 May 2010 with an omission in the Collaboration author list. S. Dwyer has been
added as of 12 April 2012. The Collaboration author list is incorrect in the printed version of the journal
Erratum: Search for gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence in LIGO and Virgo data from S5 and VSR1 (Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology)
No full textThis paper was published online on 5 November 2010 with an omission in the Collaboration author list. S. Dwyer has
been added as of 12 April 2012. The Collaboration author list is incorrect in the printed version of the journal
Publisher's Note: Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown
No full textThis paper was published online on 6 June 2011 with an omission in the Collaboration author list. S. Dwyer has been
added as of 12 April 2012. The Collaboration author list is incorrect in the printed version of the journal
Measurement of the atmospheric νμ energy spectrum from 100 GeV to 200 TeV with the ANTARES telescope
No full textAtmospheric neutrinos are produced during cascades initiated by the interaction of primary cosmic rays with air nuclei. In this paper, a measurement of the atmospheric νμ + ν̄μ energy spectrum in the energy range 0.1-200 TeV is presented, using data collected by the ANTARES underwater neutrino telescope from 2008 to 2011. Overall, the measured flux is ~25 % higher than predicted by the conventional neutrino flux, and compatible with the measurements reported in ice. The flux is compatible with a single power-law dependence with spectral index γmeas=3.58±0.12. With the present statistics the contribution of prompt neutrinos cannot be established. © 2013 The Author(s)
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