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Peer Revieww Editor buku ADAB MENUNTUT ILMU
Get PDFAdab menuntut ilmu merupakan buku dari Abu Hasan Mubarok yang di edit oleh Dr Abdul Aziz M.A
Deep anisotropic dry etching of silicon microstructures by high-density plasmas
No full textThis thesis deals with the dry etching of deep anisotropic microstructures in monocrystalline silicon by high-density plasmas. High aspect ratio trenches are necessary in the fabrication of sensitive inertial devices such as accellerometers and gyroscopes. The etching of silicon in fluorine-based plasmas is isotropic. To obtain anisotropy the addition of sidewall passivation is necessary. This is achieved with both oxygen passivation at low temperatures and fluorocarbon passivation at room temperature. A quantitative approach was pursued to explain the etching mechanism. The etch results were analysed using the measured plasma species fluxes and the surface composition. Moreover, the transport of the plasma species in narrow anisotropic structures is a fundamental factor determining the etch rate and the profile evolution. The experimental methods such as the etching equipment, plasma diagnostics, surface analysis and sample preparation are described in chapter 2. Three etching processes were investigated: the cryogenic etching process with oxygen passivation at low temperatures, the Bosch process with fluorocarbon passivation at room temperature and the novel triple pulse process that was developed in our laboratory. The polymer deposition mechanism and the characteristic role of the ions are also explained. The cryogenic etching process is discussed in chapter 3. Fluorine radicals, oxygen radicals and ion bombardment are responsible for the three main sub-processes, that is, etching, sidewall passivation and depassivation of the trench bottom, respectively. Etching experiments with an extremely low ion-to-radical flux ratio were used to reveal the etching mechanism. Crystal orientation dependent etching leading to Si(111) crystal facets is observed in a surface kinetics controlled regime. By varying the plasma conditions it is possible to adjust the etching mechanism from fluorine-limited to ion-limited. Controlled etching is obtained because the etching is tuned from aspect ratio dependent in the fluorine-limited domain to aspect ratio independent in the ion-limited domain. The transport of radicals in high aspect ratio trenches is an important limiting factor and was investigated with special structures. The etch results are described by an analytic model that is based on the surface site balance of fluorine and oxygen radicals. The results are further explained with a Monte Carlo simulation model. The Bosch process is clarified in chapter 4. The anisotropy of the etched structures is controlled by balancing the etching and passivation pulse. However, the maximal obtainable aspect ratio is limited by convergence of the trench sidewalls due to excessive passivation. The maximal obtainable aspect ratio increases if the ion-to-radical flux ratio increases. The transport of ions is an important limiting factor in the depassivation of the bottom of the trench. Divergence of the ion beam leads to a reduction of the ion flux, so that the fluorocarbon passivation is insufficiently removed near the base of the sidewalls. The average ion angle was measured and correlated to the maximal obtainable aspect ratio. The Bosch process was improved at the depassivation side with the triple pulse process and at the passivation side with preferential sidewall deposition. The triple pulse process that is described in chapter 5 has the aim to improve the depassivation in deep trenches. The three main sub-processes are decoupled using a separate depassivation pulse directly after the etching and passivation pulses. The fluorocarbon passivation is efficiently removed with low-pressure, high-density, oxygen-based plasmas. The investigated plasma chemistries include O2, CO2 and SO2. The triple pulse process leads to better profile control with a straight trench bottom. However, the maximal obtainable aspect ratio is comparable to the Bosch process because a larger etch depth and a small lateral etch cancel out. The polymer deposition mechanism is treated in chapter 6 with the aim to understand the fluorocarbon passivation in deep trenches. The deposition on plane surfaces and on special structures was investigated to distinguish between the radical-induced and ion-enhanced components. A simple analytical model, which explains the main deposition characteristics, was developed. Preferential sidewall deposition is obtained for higher ion fluxes and higher bias voltages where sputtering plays an important role. In this case no fluorocarbon passivation has to be removed from the bottom of the trench. The trench profile was optimised in the Bosch process by tuning the bias voltage during etching and passivation independently. It resulted in perfectly anisotropic trenches but the maximal obtainable aspect ratio was still limited by a small lateral etch. The characteristic role of the ions in the etching mechanism is explained in chapter 7. Ion-induced etching of both SiC in a SF6-O2 plasma and Si in a Cl2 plasma were investigated. The impact of the ions on the profile evolution can be examined more explicitly because spontaneous chemical reactions are absent for these plasma-material systems. The etching mechanism varies from fluorine-limited to ion-limited depending on the radical-to-ion flux ratio. Microtrenches are observed for an ion-limited etching mechanism. Fluorine-limited SiC etching is aspect ratio dependent in contrast to ion-limited SiC etching, which is aspect ratio independent. The etching of high aspect ratio SiC structures is limited by the positive sidewall taper. This is presumably caused by insufficient removal of the thin fluorocarbon layer on the surface. Si etching in a Cl2 plasma is always aspect ratio independent in contrast to SiC etching because of the low reaction probability. The conclusions and recommendations of this thesis are given in chapter 8.Applied Science
STUDI KOMPARASI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MASA PRENATAL MENURUT DR. H. BAIHAQI A.K. DENGAN DR. MANSUR M.A.
No full textAnak merupakan generasi penerus bangsa, maka baik buruknya bangsa di masa depan sangat ditentukan oleh anak di masa sekarang, pendidikan prenatal adalah salah satu upaya menciptakan generasi penerus yang berkualitas sejak dini sebelum mereka dilahirkan, penelitian ini mengacu pada pendidikan islam masa prenatal menurut Dr. H. Baihaqi A.K. dalam bukunya Mendidik Anak Dalam Kandungan dan pendidikan islam masa prenatal menurut Dr. Mansur M.A. dalam bukunya Mendidik Anak Sejak Dalam Kandungan, beserta perbandingannya.
Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam skripsi ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan ( library research). pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif analitik. Adapun pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini diambil dari sumber tertulis (dokumentasi). Sumber data yang digunakan meliputi sumber primer dan sekunder. Sumber primer yaitu pemikiran Dr. H. Baihaqi A.K. dalam bukunya Mendidik Anak Dalam Kandungan dan pemikiran Dr. Mansur M.A. dalam bukunya Mendidik Anak Sejak Dalam Kandungan data sekunder yaitu buku-buku yang relevan, teknik pengumpulan data, uji keabsahan data, analisis data meliputi Content analisi atau analisis isi metode hermeneutic, induktif, dan metode komparasi.
Hasil penelitian dalam skripsi ini pendidikan islam masa prenatal menurut Dr. H. Baihaqi A.K. yaitu: 1) Pendidikan secara fisik: Pengaturan makanan ibu dan katan keluarga, 2) Pendidikan secara psikis atau spiritual: Memenuhi kebutuhan psikhis istri dan stimulasi islami. Sedangkan pendidikan islam masa prenatal menurut Dr. Mansur M.A. yaitu: 1) Pendidikan secara fisik: Pengaturan makanan ibu dan menjaga kesehatan ibu, 2) Pendidikan secara psikhis memberikan stimulasi islami pada anak dalam kandungan. Adapun persamaan dan perbedaannya, persamaannya yaitu: 1) Pengaturan makanan ibu dan, 2) Stimulsi islami, sedang perbedaannya yaitu: Dr. H. Baihaqi A.K menyarankan untuk mempererat ikatan keluarga dan memenuhi kebutuhan psikhis istri, sedangkan Dr. Mansur M.A. tidak membahas dua hal itu. Dan Dr. Mansur M.A. menyarankan untuk menjaga kesehatan ibu dan membahas tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses pendidikan dalam kandungan, sedangkan Dr. H. Baihaqi A.K tidak membahas dua hal itu
Study on the regulation of host apoptosis and apoptotic factors by Chlamydia infection
Get PDF学位の種類：工学 学位授与年月日：平成30年3月20日 主査：東,慶直 教授 報告番号：甲第1375号 学内授与番号：生第47号
Rahman, M.A., Shirai, M., Aziz, M.A. et al. Apoptosis (2015) 20: 1271. This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Apoptosis. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10495-015-1161-x 掲載application/pdfdoctoral thesi
Forman Christian College Magazine
No full textLest we Forget. pp. 3; Velte, H. C.-Speech-The Induction of Dr. S. K. Datta: Inaugural Address. pp. 4-10; Parshad, I. Durga-Article-Russia To-day. pp. 11-16; Poetry-Stout Thoughts In Lean Times. pp. 16; Drama-The Fire-Worshippers. pp. 17-19; Parkashananda-Essay-Books and Reading. pp. 19-21; Benade, M. M.-Travelogue-To Java and Back-II. pp. 21-27; Aziz-ur-Rahman-The Gypsy Women India. pp. 27-29; Mumtaz Hasan-A Word to College Students. pp. 29-31; Joshi, M. L.-Pottery and Poetry. pp. 31-35; Anwar, M. M.-Article-The Literary Significance of Sigrid Undset. pp. 35-38; Banerji, F.-Essay-The Beauties of Nature. pp. 38-39; Periwinkle-On Speaking and Speakers. pp. 39-41; Aziz-ur-Rahman-News and Notes. pp. 42-45; Sports. pp. 46-50; Cap and Bells. pp. 50; New Books in the Library. pp. 51-52; [Hindi]. 10 p.; Punjabi Kiyari [Punjabi]. 8 p.; Khisa-e-Urdu [Urdu]. 20 p.Dr. H. C. Velte, M.A., D.D. Professor, Forman Christian College (1886-1910) President. Board of Directors (1926-1933). before page
Correspondence regarding the purchase of books from the Muid Khan collection.
No full text1. One-page typed letter, Feb. 3, 1976, from Thomas M. Schmid, Acquisitions Librarian, to M.A. Moiz Khan, regarding the purchase of books from the collection of the late Muid Khan for the Univ. of Utah Middle East Library. 2. One-page handwritten memo, Dec. 11, 1975, from Atiya to Mostofi, regarding the purchase of books from the Muid Khan collection. 3. Two-page typed letter, Dec. 5, 1975, from Mostofi to Atiya, stating that the Middle East Center cannot provide funds for the purchase of books from the Muid Khan collectio
Thematic Study of Aziz ur Rehman Aziz’s poetry
Get PDFProfessor Aziz ur Rehman Aziz was born in Agra India in 1948 .Basically he belong to the tribe of Hashim Khel of Swat but they were migrate to Hazara after coming from India.He got his early education in gajborai Middle School and Metric from Batagram High school. After matriculation he went to Karachi, where he work as a laboure.During performing his duty in a factory he continue his education too as private candidate. As will as he also takes part in literary activities. He passed F.A, B.A and M.A during his private job in Karachi. Then he came back to batagram and started service as Scholl teacher. After some time he Appointed as 1st Pashto lecture in Hazara region. He also performed his duties as secretory with several ministers and section officer.
In his literary contributions two books of poetry are publish, one is “Tandar” and other is” Khawre umeedona”.we will discuss the thematic study of his poetry. His poetry mainly contains religious thoughts, Nationalism, Realism and progressive approach
Pandangan Ulama Kalimantan Selatan Terhadap Bandara King Abdul Aziz Jeddah Sebagai Miqat Haji/Umrah
Get PDFH. Ahmad Shafwani, Pandangan Ulama Kalimantan Selatan Terhadap Bandara King Abdul Aziz Jeddah Sebagai Miqat Haji/Umrah, di bawah bimbingan Prof. Dr. H. Yusran Salman, Lc. dan Prof. Dr. H. Asmaran. AS, M.A pada program Pasca Sarjana IAIN Antasari Banjarmasin, 2013
Penggunaan pesawat udara yang langsung mendarat di bandara King Abdul Aziz Jeddah yang menjadi persoalan miqat haji Indonesia merupakan persoalan ijtihadi yang hingga saat ini menjadi perdebatan di kalangan para ulama di Indonesia. Persoalan miqat haji Indonesia terus mendapat respon ijtihad dan fatwa dari para ulama Indonesia baik yang di Tanah Haram maupun yang berada di Indonesia. Sebagian jamaah haji Indonesia dibuat gelisah dengan hal ini, karena menyangkut kesempurnaan ibadah haji mereka. Pada tanggal 29 Maret 1980 M lahirlah fatwa pertama dari Majelis Ulama Indonesia yang menyatakan sah bagi jamaah haji Indonesia memulai ihram dari Bandara King Abdul Aziz Jeddah. Fatwa ini tidak sepenuhnya dapat meyakinkan masyarakat muslim Indonesia karena masih banyak para ulama Indonesia dengan perbedaan latar belakang organisasi sosial keagamaannya menolak kehadiran fatwa ini. Karena itu pada tanggal 19 September 1981 fatwa ini dikukuhkan dengan fatwa kedua dalam perihal yang sama ditambah dengan argument-argumen fatwa yang menguatkannya. Namun demikian tetap masih mengundang keraguan sejumlah tokoh dan para ulama Indonesia.
Untuk itu penulis merasa perlu untuk meneliti hal tersebut karena pentingnya masalah ini untuk dibahas sebagai sumbangan terhadap ilmu pengetahuan dan kebutuhan masyarakat. Setelah melakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan jenis dan pendekatan, yaitu jenis penelitian ini merupakan hukum empiris mengenai pandangan ulama Kalimantan Selatan terhadap Bandara King Abdul Aziz sebagai miqat makani dengan menggali dan memperoleh data yang diinginkan secara objektif dan dapat dipertanggung jawabkan. Sedangkan pendekatan sosiologis dengan mengkaji bagaimana pelaksanaan miqat makani jamah haji/umrah. Sejauh pengamatan penulis, ditemukan bahwa pandangan para ulama fiqih dari berbagai mazhab, sejarah penyelenggaran haji, fase-fase dan rute perjalan haji Indonesia dari era transportasi lautan hingga transportasi udara, pandangan para ulama Kalimantan Selatan dengan berbagai variasi latar belakang organisasi sosial keagamaan, dan fatwa majelis Ulama Indonesia, untuk itu penulis dapat menjelaskan hal-hal sebagai berikut :
Al-Qur‟an hanya menjelaskan ketentuan hukum miqat zamani haji secara global (ijma‟). Ketentuan rincian hukum miqat makani haji hanya ditemukan dalam hadis Nabi, yaitu Dzu al-Hulaifah, Juhfah, al-Qarn, Yalamlam dan Dzat Irqin. Pada masa pra Indonesia merdeka miqat haji Indonesia dimulai di daerah lautan yang sejajar dengan posisi Yalamlam, karena rute yang dipergunakan melalui Kolombo menuju pelabuhan Jeddah dengan transportasi kapal laut. Pada fase pemerintahan orde baru, sejak tahun 1966, miqat Indonesia diambil di tempat
yang berbeda sesuai dengan alat transportasi yang dipergunakan. Bagi yang menempuh perjalanan haji angkutan laut miqat makani mereka di daerah lautan yang sejajar dengan posisi Yalamlam. Sedangkan mereka yang mempergunakan angkutan udara sebagian ada yang berihram di bandara embarkasi dan di pesawat sebagai sikap kehati-hatian, dan ada pula yang berihram di Bandara King Abdul Aziz Jeddah. Hal ini terjadi hingga masa pemerintahan orde baru sampai tahun 1978. Sedangkan setelah tahun ini, secara berbeda miqat haji diambil di bandara embarkasi, di pesawat dan dibandara embarkasi King Abdul Aziz Jeddah.
Dalam menjawab bagaimana hukumnya jamaah haji Indonesia yang mengambil miqat di Bandara King Abdul Aziz Jeddah, mayoritas ulama Arab Saudi berpandangan tidak sah termasuk Syeikh Yasin Isa Padang. Ada sebagian ulama Arab Saudi yang berpandangan berbeda (sah) termasuk Syeikh Abdul Hamid Muhammad Amin al-Banjari. Para ulama Indonesia dengan variasi latar belakang organisasi sosial keagamaanya terbagi kedalam dua kelompok, Pertama; mengatakan tidak sah hukumnya mengambil miqat di Bandara King Abdul Aziz Jeddah, kelompok pertama di presentasikan oleh SA, IR, AK dan UM. Kedua : mengatakan bahwa mengambil miqat di Bandara King Abdul Aziz Jeddah itu sah hukumnya. Kelompok kedua ini dipresentasikan oleh AR, US, MN. Untuk itu Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) mengeluarkan fatwa sahnya mengambil miqat di Bandara King Abdul Aziz Jeddah
Assessment of Models for Near Wall Behavior and Swirling Flows in Nuclear Reactor Sub-system Simulations
No full textAccurate simulation of turbulence remains one of the most challenging problems in nuclear reactor analysis and design. Due to limitations in computing resources, Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes models (RANS) continue to play an important role in reactor simulations. The Consortium for advanced simulations of light water reactors (CASL) is a Department of Energy technology hub that is investing in research and developmentof a state-of-the-art computational fluid dynamics capabilityto meet the challenges of turbulent simulation of nuclear reactors. In this presentation, we assess several RANS eddy viscosity models appropriate for single-phase incompressible turbulent flows. Specifically, we compare the single equation Splalart-Allmaras to several variations of the model. The assessment takes into consideration elements of full system reactor cores such as complex geometries, heterogeneous meshes, swirling flow, near wall flow behavior, heat transfer and robustness issues. The goal of this strategically oriented assessment is to provide an accurate and robust turbulent simulation capability for the CASL community. Metrics of performance will be constructed by comparing different models on a strategically chosen set of problems that represent reactor core sub-systems
O zarubežnoj dejatel'nosti professora M.A. Kumaxova
No full textOn professor M.A. Kumakhov's work and research abroad (in Russian)
Professor Mukhadin A. Kumakhov and the author collaborated in the area of Northwest Caucasian languages under a period from 1991 to 2008. The fruitful collaboration at Lund and Malmö universities resulted in three joint monographs and a number of articles, which is outlined in the article. Mukhadin A. Kumakhov became Honorary Doctor of the Philosophical Faculty of Lund University in 1998
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