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From psychotherapist to supervisor
This study is a part of an ongoing research project examining group supervision in psychotherapy. The study was performed in a postgraduate training program for prospective supervisors. The two-year supervisor training program included theory seminars as well as group supervision of the prospective supervisor’s supervision of a trainee who had a patient in psychotherapy. The training program was based on psychoanalytic theory and the psychotherapy conducted was psychoanalytically oriented. Supervisees´ and supervisors´ experiences of the learning process, supervision format in group and supervisor styles were explored in semi-structured interviews. Both supervisees and supervisors emphasized the importance of a specific training program for psychotherapists who intend to work as supervisors. The didactic aspects of supervision were pointed out. The group format was experienced as particularly suitable for this training level. The “super-supervisor’s” style was important as a role model for the supervisors in training
Farmers' ability to cope with salinity and sodicity: Farmers' perceptions, strategies and practices for dealing with salinity and sodicity in their farming systems
Soil salinity / Sodic soils / Farming systems / Farmers' attitudes / Soil properties / Soil classification / Soil management / Irrigation water / Water quality / Pakistan / Punjab / Chishtian Sub-Division / Fordwah / Azim
Studies on Indian species of the genus Aeliomorpha Stal (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae).
Die Gattung Aeliomorpha wird in zwei Untergattungen eingeteilt: Aeliomorpha S. Str. und Distantietta Subgen. n. Eine Bestimmungstabelle der indischen Arten der Gattung Aeliomorpha Stal wird ebenfalls mitgeteilt. Zwei neue Arten, A. (A.) coimbatorensis sp. n. und A. (D.) viridis sp. n., werden beschrieben und mit Illustrationen dargestellt.Nomenklatorische HandlungenDistantietta Azim & Shafee, 1987 (Aeliomorpha), sgen. n.coimbatorensis Azim & Shafee, 1987 (Aeliomorpha (Aeliomorpha)), spec. n.viridis Azim & Shafee, 1987 (Aeliomorpha (Distantiella)), spec. n.The genus Aeliomorpha is divided into two subgenera: Aeliomorpha S. Str. and Distantietta Subgen. n. A key to Indian species of the genus Aeliomorpha Stal is also provided. Two new species A. (A.) coimbatorensis sp. n. and A. (D.) viridis sp. n. are described and illustrated.Nomenclatural ActsDistantietta Azim & Shafee, 1987 (Aeliomorpha), sgen. n.coimbatorensis Azim & Shafee, 1987 (Aeliomorpha (Aeliomorpha)), spec. n.viridis Azim & Shafee, 1987 (Aeliomorpha (Distantiella)), spec. n
Relationships Between Supervisor Behaviour and Subordinates' Work Attitudes: The Role of LMX
This study investigated the relationship between supervisor behaviour and the work experience of subordinate employees and assessed the role of the interpersonal exchange relationship between supervisor and subordinate. Participants completed a questionnaire asking them to rate their supervisor’s behaviour (initiating structure, tolerance of subordinate independence, perceived support, integration and consideration of subordinates), the quality of their leader-member exchange relationship (LMX) with their supervisor, perceived job autonomy, and role ambiguity. To assess subordinates’ work experience, respondents were also asked to report on their level of work engagement, citizenship behaviour, job motivation, commitment to the organisation, and team commitment. Two hundred and fifteen responses were collected and, following a factor analysis, mediation analyses were conducted using the supervisor behaviours as predictors, LMX, autonomy, and ambiguity as mediators and subordinate attitudes and behaviour as outcomes.
The results provided support for the proposed mediated relationships with 30 out of 36 indirect relationships being significant. The findings confirmed that 1) supervisory behaviour had indirect effects on subordinate attitudes and behaviour. 2) LMX, job autonomy, and role ambiguity significantly predicted subordinate employees’ work attitudes and behaviour. 3) The behaviours of supervisors helped determine LMX, job autonomy and role ambiguity. These results confirmed that there is a strong relationship between the behaviour of supervisors and the work experience of subordinate employees.
Although causation cannot be inferred based on the results of this study, the findings indicate that the supervisor may contribute to the work experience of subordinates. The findings may suggest that if supervisors were to change their role behaviour by the way they deal with subordinates and introduce structure in the workplace this my help reduce subordinates’ role ambiguity, raise perceived job autonomy, lead to a higher quality exchange relationship, and positively influence work outcomes. This would enhance employee work engagement, organisation-directed citizenship behaviour, intrinsic motivation, commitment to organisation and work team benefiting both the organisation and the employees.
Longitudinal research into an integrated model of supervisor behaviour and LMX using experimental or observational study designs is recommended in order to develop a model of causal relationships between supervisor behaviour, LMX, and subordinate outcomes. Further investigation of the measurement of supervisor behaviour may be appropriate in order to validate or revise the LBDQ scales, since factor analyses on these scales prompted substantial changes. Additionally, the results of this study indicated that perceived supervisor support and LMX may not be distinct constructs. Further research into the measurement and theoretical grounding of these measures is recommended
Supervisor de taller general
El documento contiene 8 unidades de la serie supervisor de taller general con las fichas del instructor, de tecnología, de cálculo y de seguridad, donde se describen los objetivos, descripciones, herramientas, materiales y métodos de trabajo para los temas de: medición, medidas de comparación, sistema internacional de límites, aparatos de medida, trazado, y aserrado.The document contains 8 units of the general workshop supervisor series with the instructor, technology, calculation and safety sheets, which describe the objectives, descriptions, tools, materials and working methods for the topics of: measurement, measurements of comparison, international system of limits, apparatus of measure, layout, and sawing.Medición -- Metrología de fabricación: medidas de comparación -- Metrología: sistema internacional de límites -- Aparatos de medida directa -- Trazado -- Trazado de ángulos -- Trazado de curvas -- Aserrado In
Supervisor-based controller reconfigurable architecture.
Supervisor-based controller reconfigurable architecture.</p
The relationship between family-focused organisational and supervisor support and positive work-outcomes
This study examined the relationship between family-focused organisational and .supervisor support and the positive work outcomes, job satisfaction, affective commitment, continuous commitment and work-family enrichment
Changes in self-image in a psychotherapy supervisor training program
In this study, the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) was used to assess the self-image of psychotherapists enrolled in a psychotherapy supervisor training program in the initial and final phases of their training, as well as four months after the completion of their training. Their self-image was compared to that of experienced supervisors. The results show that the self-image of the supervisor trainees changed over the course of the training. By the end of the training, their self-image was as autonomous as that of experienced supervisors. Positive self-acceptance also developed. The relation between the outcome of psychotherapy, the style of trainees’ supervisor, and changes in the self-image of the trainees is also discussed.</p
SUPERVISOR COMMUNICATION IN TRAINING PROGRAM: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY IN MALAYSIA
A thorough review of human resource development literature shows that the ability of supervisors to use good communication styles in managing programs will invoke employees’ motivation to learn, this may lead to increased positive individual attitudes and behaviors. The nature of this relationship is interesting, but little is known about the influence of employees’ motivation to learn in training management literature. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the effect of supervisor communication in training program and motivation to learn on individual attitudes and behaviors using 100 usable questionnaires gathered from technical employees who have worked in one city based local authority in East Malaysia (CLAEASTMALAYSIA). Outcomes of stepwise regression analysis showed that relationship between motivation to learn and supervisor communication had been an important predictor of transfer of competency and job performance. Statistically, this result confirms that motivation to learn does act as a full mediating role in the training model of the in the organizational sample. In addition, implications and limitations of the study, as well as directions future research are discussed.supervisor communication, motivation to learn, individual attitudes and behaviors
The Effects of Supervisor-Subordinate Genders on Subordinates’ Involvement Across Managerial Functions
One of the renowned agendas’ of the management study around the globe encircles the gender biasness or non-biasness in performing the basic managerial functions. Pertaining to the factual studies, mixed views have been brought to light that whether male supervisors have a good relationship with male subordinates or female subordinates and whether female supervisors have good relationship with female subordinates or male subordinates. It is often assumed that cross gender supervisor subordinate relationships are better than same gender supervisor subordinate relationships. The involvement of subordinates in the four managerial functions namely planning, organizing, controlling and motivating are investigated to conclude the effects of gender on subordinate involvement in management functions by the supervisors. A sample of 1000 respondents were specifically chosen from banking sector to identify if gender of supervisor and subordinate has any effect on subordinates’ involvement across managerial functions. To achieve this, firstly, mean of male supervisor with same and cross gender subordinates is compared on the basis of their involvement in managerial functions through applying the split analysis. Results revealed that male supervisors involve male subordinates more in managerial functions than female subordinates. As for female supervisors they have the same level of involvement of both the genders across managerial functions but somehow these involvements are more towards the male subordinates.Supervisor, Subordinate, Gender, Managerial functions
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