2,744 research outputs found
Advanced image processing for 3D-PLI: revealing fiber architecture in cortial areas
No full textIntroduction:Polarized Light Imaging (PLI) has been shown to be a valuable tool for mapping nerve fibers and analyzing structural connectivity in unstained histological sections of post-mortem brains (Axer et al. 2011a). In their study Axer et al. demonstrated, how to infer the out of plane fiber orientation in white matter regions from the birefringence signals of myelinated axons at the resolution level of a tenth of a millimeter. So far, however, a comprehensive analysis of fiber pathways within the gray matter, including the cerebral cortex, was impeded by weak signals caused by a low fiber density.Here, we introduce a new analysis method, which accounts for variances in the degree of birefringence, by utilizing additional data gained through a tiltable specimen stage. This technique significantly enhances the information in gray matter regions enabling new insights at a resolution level of 64x64μm².Materials and Methods:We employed the in-house developed polarimetric setup, i.e. the large-area polarimeter as introduced by Axer et al. (2011b), that is capable of measuring birefringent human brain tissue with a section thickness of 70μm. The built-in biaxial specimen stage enabled to tilt the sample by 8° into an arbitrary direction, making studies of the fiber architecture from different perspectives feasible. Using this setup, an unstained coronal section of a complete hemisphere of a human brain through the occipital lobe was tilted by 8° into 72 different directions distributed equally over 360°. For each step data acquisition and analysis was performed as described by Axer et al. (2011a). Since the obtained images were initially afflicted with parallax aberrations induced by the different camera angles, co-registration had to be applied using a projective linear transformation. This enabled a pixelwise Fourier analysis of these 72 data points to determine the 3D fiber orientations independently from the local fiber density.The derived fiber orientations were then compared to those computed with the original PLI methodology (Axer et al., 2011b).Results and Discussion:We observed a significant improvement of the fiber orientation reconstruction in cortical areas. In Figure 1 (bottom left) it is shown, that previous image processing algorithms interpret the weak birefringence information in cortical areas as fibers oriented out-of-plane, while the weak birefringence is actually related to the low fiber density. With the new analysis method we were able to separate fiber orientation and fiber density, which enabled the tracing of fiber paths from deep white matter regions into cortical areas (bottom right). Hence, it is demonstrated that fibers, which were in the past interpreted as being orthogonal with respect to the sectioning plane, are in fact oriented in the lateral direction (Figure 1 bottom right, arrows).Fiber architecture studies in the cerebral cortex were so far restricted to microscopic PLI (cf. Axer et al. 2011b), for which data acquisition and processing with previously employed methods was extensive and time-consuming. However, this new advancement significantly increased information gain on the macroscopic scale, extending the applicability of large-area PLI
SLC35B1 is AXER, an ATP/ADP exchanger in the ER membrane and part of a regulatory circuit
No full textThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) requires a constant ATP supply. However, the carrier that catalyzes ATP uptake into the ER was unknown. In search of the elusive ATP/ADP carrier we screened gene expression datasets for member(s) of the family of solute carriers that are co-expressed with BiP, the major ER resident ATP consumer, and are ER membrane proteins. We identified SLC35B1 as a potential candidate. Heterologous expression of SLC35B1 in E. coli revealed that SLC35B1 is highly specific for ATP and ADP and acts in antiport mode. Moreover, siRNA mediated depletion of SLC35B1 from HeLa cells reduced ER ATP levels and BiP activity. Thus, human SLC35B1 provides ATP to the ER and was named AXER (ATP/ADP exchanger in the ER membrane). Furthermore, we began to unravel an ER to cytosol low energy response regulatory axis (termed lowER) that is central for maintaining ER ATP supply under steady state and stress conditions.
This work is about to be published under the title
AXER is an ATP/ADP exchanger in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum
by
Marie-Christine Klein, Katharina Zimmermann, Stefan Schorr, Martina Landini, Patrick A. W. Klemens, Jacqueline Altensell, Martin Jung, Elmar Krause, Duy Nguyen, Volkhard Helms, Jens Rettig, Claudia Fecher-Trost, Adolfo Cavalié, Markus Hoth, Ivan Bogeski, H. Ekkehard Neuhaus, Richard Zimmermann, Sven Lang and Ilka Haferkamp
Here we present the original western blot data
Evidence based leadership
No full textAuthor Markus PodduikinMasterarbeit Johannes Kepler Universität Linz 2024Arbeit gesperr
Improving the search for monitoring tools using recommender technology
No full textAuthor Markus Eisl BSc.Masterarbeit Universität Linz 2023Arbeit gesperr
Improving the search for monitoring tools using recommender technology
No full textAuthor Markus Eisl BSc.Masterarbeit Universität Linz 2023Arbeit gesperr
metal-organic framework 4H, 4H-octafluoroazobenezene perfluoroazobenzene
No full textauthor: Markus RödlKumulative Masterarbeit aus einem ArtikelMasterarbeit University of Innsbruck 2022Arbeit gesperr
metal-organic framework 4H, 4H-octafluoroazobenezene perfluoroazobenzene
No full textauthor: Markus RödlKumulative Masterarbeit aus einem ArtikelMasterarbeit University of Innsbruck 2022Arbeit gesperr
Strategi Pelayanan Lintas Budaya Berdasarkan Markus 4:1-34
No full textHarming & Katarina, Cross-cultural Service Strategy based on Mark 4: 1-34. The author conducted a study of the text of Mark 4: 1-34 using qualitative research literature study using the biblical hermeneutic principle. Based on the analysis of the text of Mark 4: 1-34 the authors find there are four cross-cultural service strategies namely by understanding local culture, using media. Harming & Katarina, Strategi Pelayanan Lintas budaya Berdasarkan Markus 4:1-34. Penulis melakukan penelitian terhadap teks Markus 4:1-34 dengan menggunakan penelitian kualitatif studi pustaka dengan menggunakan prinsip hermeneutik Alkitab. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap teks Markus 4:1-34 penulis menemukan ada empat strategi pelayanan lintas budaya yaitu dengan memahami budaya lokal, menggunakan media yang ada dalam budaya, memberdayakan potensi yang ada, dan menciptakan terobosan
Scale matters: The nested human connectome
No full textScience hat uns folgendes zu dem Link geschrieben: Here is the free-access referral link to your paper you can put on your website: https://www.science.org/stoken/author-tokens/ST-838/full Durch diesen Link hat jeder freien Zugang zum Paper
Development of a Software Tool for Analyzing Experimental Data of a Recycling Machine
No full textAuthor DI Markus Kirchmayr, BScMasterarbeit Universität Linz 2022Arbeit nach Ablauf der Sperre auf den öffentlichen PCs in den Bibliotheken der JKU+Medizin abrufba
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