1,389 research outputs found
Gwendolyne Stevens
No full text"Gwendolyne Daphne was born on 7 June 1908 at Quorn, South Australia, daughter of Hugo Albert Valentine Healey, painter and later publican, and his wife Jessie Gwendolyne, n?e Napier, both South Australian born.
Gwendolyne attended several rural schools, including Innamincka Public, before proceeding to St Peter's Collegiate Girls' School, Adelaide. Miss Healey trained at Burra public and (Royal) Adelaide hospitals, and was registered as a nurse on 11 July 1929. She then moved to Parkside Mental Hospital where she gained a certificate in psychiatric nursing in 1931 and became sister-in-charge. In 1934 she bought a large house at Payneham that had been built by James Marshall, converted it into a private psychiatric hospital and named it St Margarets. As its owner and matron for eighteen years, she cared for patients suffering the early stages of nervous disorders, and provided them with a secure and restful setting, with aviaries amid beautiful gardens. That she took on such a task during the depression, and succeeded in it, testified to her business acumen, organizing ability and compassion for those in need.
At the chapel of the Collegiate School of St Peter, Adelaide, on 12 April 1940, she married George Dempster Stevens, a clerk employed by Dalgety & Co. Ltd. They were to have two daughters.
Pursuing her interest in community health, Mrs Stevens was founding president (1944-50) and a committee-member (until 1961) of the Payneham branch of the Mothers' and Babies' Health Association.
After she sold her hospital in 1952, she set up Sterling Downs, a Poll Dorset stud on 2200 acres (890 ha) at Currency Creek, in 1957. She employed a manager to supervise the stud and visited it each week. In the 1960s she sold part of the land and moved the stud to Sterling Park, McLaren Vale. The stud was later sold and its sheep replaced with cattle.
Having noticed particular outcrops of rock at Sterling Park, Stevens arranged for drilling to be conducted, as a result of which she opened a quarry and sold building sands to the local council.
In 1968 she became interested in the mining potential of the Northern Territory. She studied maps, obtained advice from geologists and concentrated on an area near Oenpelli, Arnhem Land. She received permission to prospect on 1282 sq. miles (3320 km?) of Aboriginal reserve and negotiated an exploration programme with Queensland Mines Ltd.
In 1970 that company discovered what was then described as the richest body of uranium ore in the world, at a site known to local Aborigines as Nabarlek.
Newspapers referred to Stevens as 'probably the first woman in the world with a right to mine uranium'. She visited the area twice during the early stages of exploration and was staggered by the size of the find.
In August 1971, however, Queensland Mines downgraded the ore reserves to about one-sixth of those announced a year earlier. Intending to use some of the proceeds of her investment to benefit the health of the Aborigines, she transferred the exploration licences to Queensland Mines in May 1973 and negotiated a royalty agreement. Mining at Nabarlek began in 1979.
Mrs Stevens both created and took advantage of opportunities in the areas of mental health, sheep-breeding and mining. Suffering from hypertension, she died of a cerebral haemorrhage on 3 March 1974 in her Kensington Park home and was cremated. She was survived by her husband and their daughters. Her estate was sworn for probate at $416,266." [author Tony Bott].NurseSheep BreederMining EntrepreneurHospital Proprieto
Analogical Reasoning in Biomimicry Design Education
No full text“Teaching is both an art and a science” (Harrison & Coll, 2008 p.1). Good teaching excites students and cultivates their curiosity to learn more than they are asked. But what if students’ blank faces tell you that the teaching did not land, what can you do? Using an analogy or metaphor to explain the principle helps students visualize and comprehend the knowledge of difficult, abstract concepts by making it familiar. The National Academy of Engineers issued a report in 2008 emphasizing the need for design engineers to develop 21st century skills, such as ingenuity and creativity, and to create innovative products and markets. However, designers have a hard time ignoring evident constraints on their concepts during their design process. This is especially difficult for novice designers when attempting to use analogical reasoning (Osborn, 1963; Hey et al. 2008). Hey et al. explains how the multitude of design considerations is even more difficult for novice as compared to expert designers who are more able to focus on the important features of a problem. Kolodner (1997) iterates how novice designers have difficulty sifting through the mass of information they encounter. They need help with the transfer of knowledge that analogical reasoning requires. When students can clearly extract and articulate what they have learned, this helps them to internalize this. Biomimicry education teaches the clear extraction and articulation while learning to decipher and transfer function analogies from biology to design. This transfer can also improve reasoning when solving problems (Wu and Weng, 2013), reacting to the challenge in a more ‘out-of-the-box’ manner (Yang et al. 2015). However, not being able to fully understand this “conceptual leap between biology and design” in an accurate manner, is sited as a key obstacle of this field (Rowland, 2017; Rovalo and McCardle 2019, p. 1). Therefore, didactics on how to teach this analogical leap to overcome the hurdles is essential. There is insufficient research on the effectivity of biomimicry education in design to help establish ‘best practices’. This thesis offers advice to fill this pedagogical gap to find out how to overcome the obstacle of analogical reasoning for novice designers, while practicing biomimicry. The contribution to science is a not earlier tested methodology that leads to a clearer understanding of the translation of biological strategies and mechanisms found in scientific research. This translation from biology to design in visual and textual manner, is called the Abstracted Design Principle (ADP) and is introduced and explained in detail in chapters 4, 5 and 6 of this thesis. Together with the proposed instructions, we sketch the net-gain of positive mind-set for novice designers on their path to design for a sustainable future.Dr. ir. Laura Stevens holds two MS degrees in the fields of Architecture from Delft University of Technology and in Biomimicry from Arizona State University. She is a biomimicry design educator in her role as a senior lecturer in the Industrial Design Engineering program at The Hague University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands. A sustainable design instructor since 2007, she writes peer-reviewed articles and book chapters on the topic of Biomimicry Design Thinking as a methodology to enhance circular, systems-thinking solutions in design by learning from time-tested biological strategies and mechanisms found in nature. Her aim is to evolve together with the education of Industrial Design Engineering to Regenerative Design Engineering enabling students to take charge of the design of their future world. Biomimicry, the field that teaches us to mimic biological strategies into design solutions, is the best of both worlds and can aid them to do this. Laura aspires to replicate strategies that work and cultivate cooperative relationships to offer a platform in which interdisciplined design teams tackle the complex challenges of today. By incorporating the education from the bottom up and combining modular and nested components one at a time, she hopes to integrate the development of biomimicry with the growth of a passion to learn more.Science Education and Communicatio
Distinct migratory and non-migratory ecotypes of an endemic New Zealand eleotrid (Gobiomorphus cotidianus) – implications for incipient speciation in island freshwater fish species
No full textBackground: Many postglacial lakes contain fish species with distinct ecomorphs. Similar evolutionary scenarios might be acting on evolutionarily young fish communities in lakes of remote islands. One process that drives diversification in island freshwater fish species is the colonization of depauperate freshwater environments by diadromous (migratory) taxa, which secondarily lose their migratory behaviour. The loss of migration limits dispersal and gene flow between distant populations, and, therefore, is expected to facilitate local morphological and genetic differentiation. To date, most studies have focused on interspecific relationships among migratory species and their non-migratory sister taxa. We hypothesize that the loss of migration facilitates intraspecific morphological, behavioural, and genetic differentiation between migratory and non-migratory populations of facultatively diadromous taxa, and, hence, incipient speciation of island freshwater fish species.
Results: Microchemical analyses of otolith isotopes (Sr-88, Ba-137 and Ca-43) differentiated migratory and non-migratory stocks of the New Zealand endemic Gobiomorphus cotidianus McDowall (Eleotridae). Samples were taken from two rivers, one lake and two geographically-separated outgroup locations. Meristic analyses of oculoscapular lateral line canals documented a gradual reduction of these structures in the non-migratory populations. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprints revealed considerable genetic isolation between migratory and non-migratory populations. Temporal differences in reproductive timing (migratory = winter spawners, non-migratory = summer spawners; as inferred from gonadosomatic indices) provide a prezygotic reproductive isolation mechanism between the two ecotypes.
Conclusion: This study provides a holistic look at the role of diadromy in incipient speciation of island freshwater fish species. All four analytical approaches (otolith microchemistry, morphology, spawning timing, population genetics) yield congruent results, and provide clear and independent evidence for the existence of distinct migratory and non-migratory ecotypes within a river in a geographically confined range. The morphological changes within the non-migratory populations parallel interspecific patterns observed in all non-migratory New Zealand endemic Gobiomorphus species and other derived gobiid taxa, a pattern suggesting parallel evolution. This study indicates, for the first time, that distinct ecotypes of island freshwater fish species may be formed as a consequence of loss of migration and subsequent diversification. Therefore, if reproductive isolation persists, these processes may provide a mechanism to facilitate speciation
[J over ψ] polarization in p+p collisions at √s = 200 TeV in STAR
No full textWe report on a polarization measurement of inclusive [J over ψ] mesons in the di-electron decay channel at mid-rapidity at 2<p[subscript T]<6 GeV/c in p+p collisions at √s = 200 GeV. Data were taken with the STAR detector at RHIC. The [J over ψ] polarization measurement should help to distinguish between different models of the [J over ψ] production mechanism since they predict different p[subscript T] dependences of the [J over ψ] polarization. In this analysis, [J over ψ] polarization is studied in the helicity frame. The polarization parameter λ[subscript θ] measured at RHIC becomes smaller towards high p[subscript T], indicating more longitudinal [J over ψ] polarization as p[subscript T] increases. The result is compared with predictions of presently available models.United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of ScienceNational Science Foundation (U.S.
Baeus matthewi Stevens, sp. nov.
No full text9. Baeus matthewi, Stevens, sp. nov. (Figs 11 A & B, 16 A) Holotype, Ψ,, Queensland, ' 12.41 S 142.41 E, QLD, 5 km S Batavia Downs. 23 Aug– 16 Sep 1992. Flight Intercept trap P. Zborowski & L. Miller' (ANIC). Paratypes: Queensland: 2 Ψ, Eungella N.P., 29.xi. 1976, Bouček, 8–9.v. 1980, I.D. Naumann & J.C. Cardale (ANIC); 1 Ψ, Tinaroo Creek Rd, 26 km up via Mareeba, 12–28.i. 1983, Storey & Brown (ANIC); 2 Ψ, same data as holotype (ANIC); 1 Ψ, Heathlands, 11.45 S 142.35 E, 25.vii– 18.viii. 1992, P. Zborowski & J. Cardale (ANIC); 1 Ψ, Mt Haig, 17.06 S 145.36 E, 4.ii– 17.iii. 1995, P. Zborowski (ANIC); 1 Ψ, Mt Edith, 17.06 S 145.37 E, 30.vi– 31.vii. 1995, P. Zborowski (ANIC); Australian Capital Territory: 1 Ψ, Canberra, Black Mountain, 36.16 S 149.06 E, 22–28.ii. 1998, yellow pan trap, G.Gibson; South Australia: 3 Ψ, Brachina Gorge, 31.30 S 138.34 E, 4–10.xi. 1987, I. Naumann & J. Cardale (ANIC). Description. Female. Mean length 0.82 mm (0.74–0.86; n = 5); body and head range from black to dark brown, legs and antennae yellow with darker markings on dorsal surfaces. Head. 2.25 (2.17–2.38) x as wide as inter-ocular distance, and 1.86 (1.59 –2.00) x as wide as long; medial ocellus 15 μm in diameter, 82 (80–90) μm from posterior head margin; lateral ocelli touching eye margin, 20 μm from posterior head margin; lateral ocelli very close to ( 15 μm in length. Metasoma. T 2 length 0.90 (0.89–0.91) x width, sculpturing coriarious, pilosity mostly sparse, but can be of moderate density in medial anterior areas, is mostly of medium length, often bordering on short, which it can be in areas; T 3 coriarious anteriorly with wide smooth, nitid band along posterior margin, one row of setae present along posterior extremity of sculpturing; T 4 glabrous. Comments. Baeus matthewi is clearly recognisable from other species because of its large hind femoral spine that is very distinct under stereo-light microscopey. The only other species to possess such large spines is B. vulcanus, which also has large propodeal spiracles (opening? 20 μm in diameter) that are clearly distinguishable from the smaller spiracles of B. matthewi. This species has mainly been collected along Cape York Peninsula as far south as Mareeba, except for several specimens collected from the Flinders Ranges in South Australia, and from Canberra (Fig. 16 A). The contrasting climatic conditions among the regions possibly indicates that the distribution of Baeus spp. is largely determined by host distribution rather than environmental conditions. This species is named after the brother of the senior author, Mr Matthew Stevens.Published as part of Stevens, Nicholas B. & Austin, Andrew D., 2007, Systematics, distribution and biology of the Australian ' micro-flea' wasps, Baeus spp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae): parasitoids of spider eggs, pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 1499 on pages 27-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17708
At limits of life: multidisciplinary insights reveal environmental constraints on biotic diversity in continental Antarctica
No full textData source: Supporting information, http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0044578#s5Multitrophic communities that maintain the functionality of the extreme Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems, while the simplest of any natural community, are still challenging our knowledge about the limits to life on earth. In this study, we describe and interpret the linkage between the diversity of different trophic level communities to the geological morphology and soil geochemistry in the remote Transantarctic Mountains (Darwin Mountains, 80uS). We examined the distribution and diversity of biota (bacteria, cyanobacteria, lichens, algae, invertebrates) with respect to elevation, age of glacial drift sheets, and soil physicochemistry. Results showed an abiotic spatial gradient with respect to the diversity of the organisms across different trophic levels. More complex communities, in terms of trophic level diversity, were related to the weakly developed younger drifts (Hatherton and Britannia) with higher soil C/N ratio and lower total soluble salts content (thus lower conductivity). Our results indicate that an increase of ion concentration from younger to older drift regions drives a succession of complex to more simple communities, in terms of number of trophic levels and diversity within each group of organisms analysed. This study revealed that integrating diversity across multi-trophic levels of biotic communities with abiotic spatial heterogeneity and geological history is fundamental to understand environmental constraints influencing biological distribution in Antarctic soil ecosystems.Catarina Magalhães, Mark I. Stevens, S. Craig Cary, Becky A. Ball, Bryan C. Storey, Diana H. Wall, Roman Tűrk and Ulrike Ruprech
Baeus arthuri Stevens, sp. nov.
No full text1. <i>Baeus arthuri</i>, Stevens, sp. nov. <p>(Figs 4 A, 5A, 6A & B, 7A, 15A)</p> <p>Holotype, Ψ, Queensland, 'N. Qld: East Palmerston, 15.v.1991, R. Piper' (ANIC).</p> <p> Paratypes: <b>Queensland:</b> 28Ψ, 4ɗ, same data as holotype (ANIC, WINC); 6 Ψ, 11.45S 142.35E, Heathlands, 23.v–18.vi.1993, P. Zborowski & I.D. Naumann, F.I.T. (ANIC); 15 Ψ, 11.45S 142.35E, Heathlands, 25.vii–18.viii.1992, P. Zborowski & J. Cardale, M.T. (ANIC, WINC); 1Ψ, 11.45S 142.35E, Heathlands, 21.x– 22.xi.1992, P. Zborowski & A. Calder, F.I.T. (ANIC); 2Ψ, 11.45S 142.35E, Heathlands, 5.iv–23.v.1993, P. Zborowski & A. Roach, F.I.T. (ANIC); 2Ψ, 11.45S 142.35E, Heathlands, 18.ix–21.x.1992, P. Zborowski & T. Weir, F.I.T. (ANIC); 1Ψ, 11.45S 142.35E, Heathlands, 25.iv–7.vii.1992, T. McLeod, M.T. (ANIC); 7Ψ, 12.41S 142.41E, 5km S Batavia Downs, 23.viii–16.ix.1992, P. Zborowski & L. Miller, F.I.T. (ANIC); 6Ψ, 13.43S 143.19E, 15km WNW Bald Hill, McIlwraith Range, 420m, 27.vi–12.vii.1989, I. D. Naumann, pan trap (ANIC); 1Ψ, 16.52S 145.40E, Lake Placid, Barron River, 7.vi.1996, C.J. Burwell (ANIC); 1Ψ, Conway Range, 2.xii.76, Bouček (ANIC); 1Ψ, 15.16S 144.59E, 14km WbyN of Hope Vale Mission, 7–10.v.1981, I.D. Naumann (ANIC); <b>Northern Territory:</b> 1Ψ, Wangi Falls, Litchfield National Park, xi.1992, A.D. Austin & P.C. Dangerfield (WINC); <b>Papua New Guinea:</b> 1Ψ, Awar Bush Street, 21.vi.1982, 24.vii.1982, 31.vii.1982, 12.x.1982, P. Grootaert (CNC); 1 Ψ, Morobe Pr. Wau Ecology Institute, viii.1983, S. & P. Miller (CNC); <b>Fiji:</b> 1 Ψ, Vanua Leevu, Mt Delaikara, 700m, 21.vii.1987, Monteith and Cook, pyrethrum/logs and trees (QM).</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Female. Mean length 1.04 mm (0.93–1.12 mm; n = 10); body dark brown, almost black, head dark brown, legs and antennae yellow with darker colouration dorsally.</p> <p>Head. 2.2 (2.08–2.33) x as wide as inter-ocular distance, and 2.19 (1.73–2.58) x as wide as length; medial ocellus level with surface of vertex; medial ocellus 10 µm in diameter, 120 (110–130) μm from posterior head margin; lateral ocelli 10 µm from eye margin, and 24 (2.0–3.0) μm from posterior head margin; posterior ocellar line 1.3 (1.24–1.3) x inter-ocular distance; vertex coriarious, pilosity sparse with mixture of short and medium length setae (medium length mostly within 10–15 µm range, not exceeding 20 µm); eyes circular, eye height 0.5 (0.45–0.49) x head height, eye width 0.7 (0.61–0.74) x eye length, pilosity minute, appearing absent under stereo-light microscope; frontal carina not prominent, fine and short, reaching 0.45 (0.42–0.48) distance to medial ocellus; cristulations of malar region not reaching to within 10 µm of eye margin; gena sinuate with anterior and posterior genal margins strongly convergent medially in postero-lateral view; anterior genal margin in contact with 0.3 (0.2–0.3) of ventral eye margin length; posterior eye margin contacting hyperoccipital carina.</p> <p>Mesosoma. Length 0.43 (0.41–0.46) x width; mesoscutum finely coriarious, pilosity sparse and mostly of medium length, but can be short in patches; mesoscutellum smooth, with one row of setae present medio-dorsally, sparsely spaced and of medium length; propodeum glabrous medio-dorsally; mesoscutum length 0.32 (0.29–0.36) x width, 0.56 (0.53–0.58) x mesosoma length and 2.28 (2.20–2.50) x mesoscutellum length; mesoscutellum length 1.32 (1.0–1.67) x propodeum length; dorso-lateral mesopleuron and propodeum anterior to propodeal spiracle scrobiculate; dorso-lateral propodeum posterior of spiracle smooth and bearing fine short setae; dorsal and lateral propodeum clearly delineated by broad laterally projecting carina (e.g. Fig. 10 C); posterior margin of metapleuron mostly straight, except curving sharply towards mesopleuron dorsally, dorsal extent of suture is above level of antero-lateral margin of T2, posterior margin elevated above anterior margin of lateral propodeum; hind femoral spine absent.</p> <p>Metasoma. T2 length 0.93 (0.9–0.96) x width, faintly coriarious to smooth, pilosity sparsely scattered and mostly short, but can be of medium length in patches, posterior margin extending ventrally past ventral margin of pronotum; T3 smooth with one row of setae, sparsely spaced and short, may appear devoid of setae; T4 glabrous.</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. Male. Mean length 1.11 mm (1.06–1.16; n = 2);</p> <p>Head. 1.5 (1.3–1.6) x as wide as inter-ocular distance and 2.5 (2.3–2.8) x as wide as long; medial ocellus 22 μm in diameter, 110 (99–121) μm from posterior head margin; lateral ocelli 22 μm from eye margin, 35.8 (33–38.5) μm from posterior head margin; posterior ocellar line equal to inter-ocular distance; eyes ovoid, eye height 0.51 x head height; frontal carina reaching> 0.5 distance to medial ocellus; in postero-lateral view, anterior and posterior genal margins slightly convergent medially; anterior genal margin contacting the entire length of ventral eye margin; posterior eye margin> 45 μm from hyperoccipital carina.</p> <p>Mesosoma. Length 1.13 x width; mesoscutum length 0.9 x width, 0.68 x mesosoma length; propodeal spiracle small and round; hind femoral spine absent.</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 transverse, length 0.18 (0.17–0.19) x width; T2 length 0.5 (0.4–0.6) x width.</p> <p> <b>Comments</b>. This is a large species, characterised by sparse and short pilosity, with mostly smooth, shiny dorsal surfaces, and gena being sinuate with strongly convergent margins medially. <i>Baeus arthuri</i> is most similar to <i>B. scrobiculus</i> except the dorsal surfaces are smoother, and the scrobiculate sculpturing of the dorso-lateral propodeum is not as extensive. The holotype, along with 28 female and four male paratypes, were all reared from a single, unidentified host egg-sac. Therefore, <i>B. arthuri</i> is one of only a few Australian <i>Baeus</i> species that has reliably associated males. <i>Baeus arthuri</i> is confined to the more tropical areas of northern Australia (Fig 15 A) and extends to Papua New Guinea and Fiji. This species is named after the father of the senior author, Mr Arthur Stevens.</p>Published as part of <i>Stevens, Nicholas B. & Austin, Andrew D., 2007, Systematics, distribution and biology of the Australian ' micro-flea' wasps, Baeus spp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae): parasitoids of spider eggs, pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 1499</i> on pages 15-17, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/177085">10.5281/zenodo.177085</a>
Baeus matthewi Stevens & Austin, 2007, sp. nov.
No full text9. Baeus matthewi, Stevens, sp. nov. (Figs 11A & B, 16A) Holotype, [[female]], Queensland, ' 12.41S142.41E, QLD, 5 km S Batavia Downs. 23 Aug-16 Sep 1992. Flight Intercept trap P. Zborowski & L. Miller ' (ANIC). Paratypes: Queensland: 2 [[females]], Eungella N.P., 29.xi.1976, Boucek, 8-9.v. 1980, I.D. Naumann & J.C. Cardale (ANIC); 1 [[female]], Tinaroo Creek Rd, 26 km up via Mareeba, 12-28.i.1983, Storey & Brown (ANIC); 2 [[females]], same data as holotype (ANIC); 1 [[female]], Heathlands, 11.45S142.35E, 25.vii-18.viii.1992, P. Zborowski & J. Cardale (ANIC); 1 [[female]], Mt Haig, 17.06S145.36E, 4.ii-17.iii.1995, P. Zborowski (ANIC); 1 [[female]], Mt Edith, 17.06S145.37E, 30.vi-31.vii.1995, P. Zborowski (ANIC); Australian Capital Territory: 1 [[female]], Canberra, Black Mountain, 36.16S149.06E, 22-28.ii.1998, yellow pan trap, G. Gibson; South Australia: 3 [[females]], Brachina Gorge, 31.30S138.34E, 4-10.xi.1987, I. Naumann & J. Cardale (ANIC). Description. Female. Mean length 0.82 mm (0.74-0.86; n = 5); body and head range from black to dark brown, legs and antennae yellow with darker markings on dorsal surfaces. Head. 2.25 (2.17-2.38) x as wide as inter-ocular distance, and 1.86 (1.59-2.00) x as wide as long; medial ocellus 15 µm in diameter, 82 (80-90) µm from posterior head margin; lateral ocelli touching eye margin, 20 µm from posterior head margin; lateral ocelli very close to ( 15 µm in length. Metasoma. T2 length 0.90 (0.89-0.91) x width, sculpturing coriarious, pilosity mostly sparse, but can be of moderate density in medial anterior areas, is mostly of medium length, often bordering on short, which it can be in areas; T3 coriarious anteriorly with wide smooth, nitid band along posterior margin, one row of setae present along posterior extremity of sculpturing; T4 glabrous. Comments. Baeus matthewi is clearly recognisable from other species because of its large hind femoral spine that is very distinct under stereo-light microscopey. The only other species to possess such large spines is B. vulcanus, which also has large propodeal spiracles (opening? 20 µm in diameter) that are clearly distinguishable from the smaller spiracles of B. matthewi. This species has mainly been collected along Cape York Peninsula as far south as Mareeba, except for several specimens collected from the Flinders Ranges in South Australia, and from Canberra (Fig. 16A). The contrasting climatic conditions among the regions possibly indicates that the distribution of Baeus spp. is largely determined by host distribution rather than environmental conditions. This species is named after the brother of the senior author, Mr Matthew Stevens.Published as part of Stevens, N. B. & Austin, A. D., 2007, Systematics, distribution and biology of the Australian ' micro-flea' wasps, Baeus spp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae): parasitoids of spider eggs., pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 1499 on pages 27-2
Learning C with fractals / Roger T. Stevens.
No full textIncludes index.System requirements for computer disk: IBM PC or compatible; DOS; Borland C++ or other C compiler; VGA card and monitor (can modify for EGA card); hard disk recommended.xiii, 316 p.
Baeus arthuri Stevens & Austin, 2007, sp. nov.
No full text1. Baeus arthuri, Stevens, sp. nov. (Figs 4A, 5A, 6A & B, 7A, 15A) Holotype, [[female]], Queensland, ' N. Qld: East Palmerston, 15.v.1991, R. Piper' (ANIC). Paratypes: Queensland: 28 [[females]], 4 [[males]], same data as holotype (ANIC, WINC); 6 [[females]], 11.45S142.35E, Heathlands, 23.v-18.vi.1993, P. Zborowski & I.D. Naumann, F.I.T. (ANIC); 15 [[females]], 11.45S142.35E, Heathlands, 25.vii-18.viii.1992, P. Zborowski & J. Cardale, M.T. (ANIC, WINC); 1 [[female]], 11.45S142.35E, Heathlands, 21.x-22.xi.1992, P. Zborowski & A. Calder, F.I.T. (ANIC); 2 [[females]], 11.45S142.35E, Heathlands, 5.iv-23.v.1993, P. Zborowski & A. Roach, F.I.T. (ANIC); 2 [[females]], 11.45S142.35E, Heathlands, 18.ix-21.x.1992, P. Zborowski & T. Weir, F.I.T. (ANIC); 1 [[female]], 11.45S142.35E, Heathlands, 25.iv-7.vii.1992, T. McLeod, M.T. (ANIC); 7 [[females]], 12.41S142.41E, 5km S Batavia Downs, 23.viii-16.ix.1992, P. Zborowski & L. Miller, F.I.T. (ANIC); 6 [[females]], 13.43S143.19E, 15km WNW Bald Hill, McIlwraith Range, 420m, 27.vi-12.vii.1989, I. D. Naumann, pan trap (ANIC); 1 [[female]], 16.52S145.40E, Lake Placid, Barron River, 7.vi.1996, C.J. Burwell (ANIC); 1 [[female]], Conway Range, 2.xii.76, Boucek (ANIC); 1 [[female]], 15.16S144.59E, 14km WbyN of Hope Vale Mission, 7-10.v.1981, I.D. Naumann (ANIC); Northern Territory: 1 [[female]], Wangi Falls, Litchfield National Park, xi.1992, A.D. Austin & P.C. Dangerfield (WINC); Papua New Guinea: 1 [[female]], Awar Bush Street, 21.vi.1982, 24.vii.1982, 31.vii.1982, 12.x.1982, P. Grootaert (CNC); 1 [[female]], Morobe Pr.Wau Ecology Institute, viii.1983, S. & P. Miller (CNC); Fiji: 1 [[female]], Vanua Leevu, Mt Delaikara, 700m, 21.vii.1987, Monteith and Cook, pyrethrum /logs and trees (QM). Description. Female. Mean length 1.04 mm (0.93-1.12 mm; n = 10); body dark brown, almost black, head dark brown, legs and antennae yellow with darker colouration dorsally. Head. 2.2 (2.08-2.33) x as wide as inter-ocular distance, and 2.19 (1.73-2.58) x as wide as length; medial ocellus level with surface of vertex; medial ocellus 10 µm in diameter, 120 (110-130) µm from posterior head margin; lateral ocelli 10 µm from eye margin, and 24 (2.0-3.0) µm from posterior head margin; posterior ocellar line 1.3 (1.24-1.3) x inter-ocular distance; vertex coriarious, pilosity sparse with mixture of short and medium length setae (medium length mostly within 10-15 µm range, not exceeding 20 µm); eyes circular, eye height 0.5 (0.45-0.49) x head height, eye width 0.7 (0.61-0.74) x eye length, pilosity minute, appearing absent under stereo-light microscope; frontal carina not prominent, fine and short, reaching 0.45 (0.42-0.48) distance to medial ocellus; cristulations of malar region not reaching to within 10 µm of eye margin; gena sinuate with anterior and posterior genal margins strongly convergent medially in postero-lateral view; anterior genal margin in contact with 0.3 (0.2-0.3) of ventral eye margin length; posterior eye margin contacting hyperoccipital carina. Mesosoma. Length 0.43 (0.41-0.46) x width; mesoscutum finely coriarious, pilosity sparse and mostly of medium length, but can be short in patches; mesoscutellum smooth, with one row of setae present medio-dorsally, sparsely spaced and of medium length; propodeum glabrous medio-dorsally; mesoscutum length 0.32 (0.29-0.36) x width, 0.56 (0.53-0.58) x mesosoma length and 2.28 (2.20-2.50) x mesoscutellum length; mesoscutellum length 1.32 (1.0-1.67) x propodeum length; dorso-lateral mesopleuron and propodeum anterior to propodeal spiracle scrobiculate; dorso-lateral propodeum posterior of spiracle smooth and bearing fine short setae; dorsal and lateral propodeum clearly delineated by broad laterally projecting carina (e.g. Fig. 10C); posterior margin of metapleuron mostly straight, except curving sharply towards mesopleuron dorsally, dorsal extent of suture is above level of antero-lateral margin of T2, posterior margin elevated above anterior margin of lateral propodeum; hind femoral spine absent. Metasoma. T2 length 0.93 (0.9-0.96) x width, faintly coriarious to smooth, pilosity sparsely scattered and mostly short, but can be of medium length in patches, posterior margin extending ventrally past ventral margin of pronotum; T3 smooth with one row of setae, sparsely spaced and short, may appear devoid of setae; T4 glabrous. Description. Male. Mean length 1.11 mm (1.06-1.16; n = 2); Head. 1.5 (1.3-1.6) x as wide as inter-ocular distance and 2.5 (2.3-2.8) x as wide as long; medial ocellus 22 µm in diameter, 110 (99-121) µm from posterior head margin; lateral ocelli 22 µm from eye margin, 35.8 (33-38.5) µm from posterior head margin; posterior ocellar line equal to inter-ocular distance; eyes ovoid, eye height 0.51 x head height; frontal carina reaching> 0.5 distance to medial ocellus; in postero-lateral view, anterior and posterior genal margins slightly convergent medially; anterior genal margin contacting the entire length of ventral eye margin; posterior eye margin> 45 µm from hyperoccipital carina. Mesosoma. Length 1.13 x width; mesoscutum length 0.9 x width, 0.68 x mesosoma length; propodeal spiracle small and round; hind femoral spine absent. Metasoma. T1 transverse, length 0.18 (0.17-0.19) x width; T2 length 0.5 (0.4-0.6) x width. Comments. This is a large species, characterised by sparse and short pilosity, with mostly smooth, shiny dorsal surfaces, and gena being sinuate with strongly convergent margins medially. Baeus arthuri is most similar to B. scrobiculus except the dorsal surfaces are smoother, and the scrobiculate sculpturing of the dorso-lateral propodeum is not as extensive. The holotype, along with 28 female and four male paratypes, were all reared from a single, unidentified host egg-sac. Therefore, B. arthuri is one of only a few Australian Baeus species that has reliably associated males. Baeus arthuri is confined to the more tropical areas of northern Australia (Fig 15A) and extends to Papua New Guinea and Fiji. This species is named after the father of the senior author, Mr Arthur Stevens.Published as part of Stevens, N. B. & Austin, A. D., 2007, Systematics, distribution and biology of the Australian ' micro-flea' wasps, Baeus spp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae): parasitoids of spider eggs., pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 1499 on pages 15-1
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