28,247 research outputs found
Alarming Antibiotic Resistance in Pediatric Oncology Patients: A Three-Year Prospective Cohort Study from Oman
No full textAbeer Al Battashi,1 Bishara Al Harrassi,2 Nawal Al Maskari,3 Hilal Al Hashami,3 Salah Al Awaidy4 1Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, The National Oncology Centre, Royal Hospital, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman; 2Oman Medical Specialty Board, Muscat, Oman; 3Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Child Health Department, Royal Hospital, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman; 4Office of Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Muscat, OmanCorrespondence: Salah Al Awaidy, Office of Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Al Khuwair Street, Muscat, Oman, Tel +968 99315063, Fax +968 24946381, Email [email protected]: Bloodstream infections (BSI) are severe and challenging oncological complications, with a consequent high morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised. We reviewed the profile and susceptibility of bacteria associated with infections in children under 13 years of age receiving chemotherapy.Methods: Prospective cohort study of pediatric oncology patients was conducted between January 2015 and October 2017 at the Royal Hospital in Oman. Patient demographics, clinical data, laboratory parameters, microbial etiology and susceptibility, and outcomes were retrieved and analyzed.Results: A total of 74 episodes of positive bacterial blood cultures were detected in 38 oncology patients (positive blood culture rate of 51%). Fifty-seven percent were positive for gram-negative organisms with Klebsiella (21%) being the most common gram-negative organism cultured, and the most common gram-positive organism was Staphylococcus (coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CONs) and S. Aureus) (30%). The majority of patients had gastrointestinal complaints (74%), and almost half (51%) had prolonged periods of neutropenia (> 7 days). One third of gram-negative organisms were resistant to four or more antibiotics with a major resistance of 31% to piperacillin-tazobactam. Of the gram-positive organisms, 38% were resistant to at least four antibiotics and 30% were pan-resistant (except for vancomycin).Conclusion: The gram-negative organisms were dominant in BSIs with Klebsiella being the most common culprit. Bacteremia was prevalent, however, high resistance to first-line antibiotics was documented amongst gram-negative isolates, demanding strategies to ensure our patients’ safety.Keywords: neutropenia, pediatric oncology, bloodstream infections, antibiotic susceptibility, Oma
Bridging the Cultural Divide: A Study of the Published English Versions of Some of Gamal Al-Ghitani Literary Works
No full textThis research paper is an attempt to evaluate Peter Newmark\u27s semantic and communicative approaches that are commonly adopted by translators to impart the flavor of the Egyptian culture to the Anglophone readers. The two approaches are diametrically opposed: the semantic approach involves the transfer of the text literally without any alteration: it preserves the length of sentences, position and integrity of clauses and words. It is author-oriented in the sense that it closely pursues the author\u27s thought process and disregards the response of the target readers. This approach does not pay heed to the message of the writer and the target readers may find it difficult to digest the target text. The communicative approach, on the other hand, sets great store on the target reader and the response of the receptor. It attempts to generate a meaning that will elicit a response from the target recipients that approximates the response of the SL readers. It also advocates the equivalent-effect principle of translation which tends to rule out the predominance of words and structure. This paper attempts to address the vexed question of choosing an optimal translation approach and whether to represent the source culture in Target Text by highlighting the importance of the functional approach to translation which is based on the Skopostheorie, for it strikes a balance between Newmark\u27s approaches by according priority to the function the translated text is intended to fulfill. Although this Skopostheorie has drawn many criticisms, some of them have been refuted; it is practically useful to adopt it provided the translator voices his/her opinion which is soundly based on his/her expertise and does not follow blindly what the commissioner/client dictates to him/her. Translation is not all about linguistic transcoding, or cultural transference, rather it is a communicative action determined by a purpose. Translators can safely produce skopos-based translation provided that they observe the principles of coherence and culture. Some of Gamal Al-Ghitani\u27s literary works are selected to put theories into practice since they are replete with expressions that reflect the Egyptian culture hence pose a challenge to the translator
Measuring industry-science links through inventor-author relations: A profiling method
No full textIn this pilot study we examine the performance of text-based profiling in recovering a set of validated inventor-author links. In a first step we match patents and publications solely based on their similarity in content. Next, we compare inventor and author names on the highest ranked matches for the occurrence of name matches. Finally, we compare these candidate matches with the names listed in a validated set of inventor-author names. Our text-based profile methodology performs significantly better than a random matching of patents and publications, suggesting that text-based profiling is a valuable complementary tool to the name searches used in previous studies.innovation; industry-science links; text-based profiling;
Critical edition of Muhammad Al-Tayyib's manuscript "Travel to Hijaz" : annotated and authenticated
No full textOne of the outstanding scholars of the field of Moroccan travel literature was Muh?ammad b. Muh?ammad al-T?ayyib b. Muh?ammad b. Musa b. Muh?ammad al-Sharqi al-Sumayli, al-Fasi al-Madani. Born in the city of Fez in 1110/1698. He studied with some of the most known scholars of Morocco at that time including Abu al-cAbbas Ah?mad al-Misnawi, Abu cAbdullah Muh?ammad al-Misnawi, Abu al-cAbbas Ah?mad al-Fasi and Abu T?ahir Muhammad al-Kurani. Having acquired his early education in his home country he emigrated eastward to Tunisia, Libya, Egypt and finally to Medinah where he died in 1170/1756 after living and teaching there for many years.It is not surprising then that this great scholar left behind him a treasure of works in a variety of fields; indeed we find Ibn al-T?ayyib wrote many works, including four in jurisprudence, three in h?adith and sixteen in grammar and in linguistics. Despite this however many of his academic contributions remain in manuscript form and therefore are inaccessible to the greater majority.One such work is “Rih?lah il a al-H?ijaz,” which is particularly important to the field of travel literature as it represents a major contribution. This is because Ibn al-T?ayyib came relatively late, historically, compared to other travel writers. In addition, it contains many minute details, which the author took care to record during his journey from place to place. It also contains accounts of everything he saw and his comments regarding the social, economic and political conditions of the countries he visited, as well as comments about the scholars whom he was able to meet. This work is important also because it is considered the most important reference for the author’s life, culture and is an important literary reference in terms of the poetry and prose, classical and modern, eastern and western, that it contains. In addition it accounts for both literary and religious scholars, the linguistic derivations of geographical names and draws attention to the mistakes of those who wrote about them before him. Bearing in mind the great significance of this work from a variety of aspects this thesis involves the complete revision, editing, annotation and authentication of the manuscript including the correction of missing characters and providing available information and biographical notes on the text
Critical edition of Muhammad Al-Tayyib's manuscript "Travel to Hijaz" : annotated and authenticated
No full textOne of the outstanding scholars of his field was Muhammad b.Muhammad al-Tayyib b. Muhammad b. Musa b. Muhammad al-Sharql al-Sumayll.al-FasI al-Madanl. Born in the city of Fez in 1110/1698. He studied with some of themost known scholars of Morocco at that time including, Abu al- cAbbas Ahmad al-Misnawi, Abu c Abdullah Muhammad al-Misnawi, Abu al-c Abbas Ahmad al-Fasi andAbu Tahir Muhammad al-Kurani. Having acquired his early education in his homecountry he emigrated eastward to Tunisia, Libya, Egypt and finally to Medinahwhere he died in 1170 /1756 after living and teaching there for many years.It is not surprising then that this great scholar left behind him a treasure of works in avariety of fields; indeed we find that Ibn al-Tayyib wrote many works, including fourin jurisprudence, three in hadfth and sixteen in grammar and in linguistics. Despitethis however many of his academic contributions remain in manuscript form andtherefore are inaccessible to the greater majority.One such work is "Rihlah ilaal-Hijaz\ which is particularly important to the field oftravel literature as it represents a major contribution. This is because Ibn al-Tayyibcame relatively late, historically, compared to other travel writers. In addition, itcontains many minute details, which the author took care to record during hisjourney from place to place. It also contains accounts of everything he saw and hiscomments regarding the social, economic and political conditions of the countries hevisited, as well as comments about the scholars whom he was able to meet. Thiswork is important also because it is considered the most important reference for theauthor's life, culture and is an important literary reference in terms of the poetry andprose, classical and modern, eastern and western, that it contains. In addition itaccounts for both literary and religious scholars, the linguistic derivations ofgeographical names and draws attention to the mistakes of those who wrote aboutthem before him. Bearing in mind the great significance of this work from a varietyof aspects this thesis involves the complete revision, editing, annotation andauthentication of the manuscript including the correction of missing characters andproviding available information and biographical notes on the text
Ibn Qutayba en al-Andalus. La préface à I 'Adab al-Kātib dans le commentaire d'Ibn al-Sīd al-Baṭalyawsī
No full textIbn Qutayba's preface to his Adab al-kātib has been considered for centuries the most important section of this work and it has been the object of many commentaries, both in the Muslim East and West. This paper deals with Ibn al-Sīd al-Baṭalyawsī´s commentary al-Iqtiḍāb, trying to show the peculiar way in which Ibn al-Sīd develops his own critique of Ibn Qutayba's controversial thesis on the relation between orthodoxy, falsafa and kalām. At the same time, the Andalusi author works out his own conception of adab, deeply influenced by his biographical experience. Finally a full translation of Ibn Qutayba's preface is proposed, half a century after G. Lecomte's partial one.El prefacio de Ibn Qutayba a su Adab al-Kātib ha sido considerado durante siglos como el fragmento más importante de su obra, y ha sido objeto de muchos comentarios, tanto orientales como occidentales. Este artículo trata del comentario que Ibn al-Sīd al-Baṭalyawsī hizo de ese texto de Ibn Qutayba, e intenta mostrar la forma peculiar en que Ibn al-Sīd desarrolla su propia crítica a la polémica tesis de Ibn Qutayba sobre la relación entre ortodoxia, falsafa y kalām. Al mismo tiempo, el autor andalusí elabora su propia concepción del adab, profundamente influida por su experiencia biográfica. Para concluir, se presenta una traducción completa del prefacio de Ibn Qutayba, medio siglo después de la parcial realizada por G. Lecomte
PENDEKATAN DALAM PROSES BELAJAR: KAJIAN KITAB AYYUH? AL-WALAD: KAJIAN KITAB AYYUH? AL-WALAD
No full textLearning is a very essential human need. Learning can develop human potency, both physical and spiritual. Learning is also an obligation that must be done by every human being. Approach in the learning process is needed so that students can get useful knowledge. From this background the writer will discuss it in an article entitled "Approach in the Learning Process: A Study of the book Ayyuh? al-Walad”.
In this essay, the author tries to analyze al-Ghaz?l?'s thinking as the main reference material, arguing that al-Ghaz?l? is well-known as a very influential figure in Islamic education. From the discussion, it can be conveyed that the approach in the learning process to obtain useful knowledge, according Al-Ghaz?l?’s Ayyuh? al-Walad, is an approach that is full of divine nuances. This is evidenced by his view that valuable learning is if it for the sake of getting closer to God, motivation in learning must be in order to revive the Prophet's Shari'ah and subdue lust, students must maintain the sanctity of their souls, and students must practice the knowledge they obtain. The factors that determine success in the learning process of Imam al-Ghaz?l?'s perspective in the book Ayyuh? al-Walad are motivational factors, educators, curriculum, student attitudes, heart purity, and social environment.Belajar merupakan hal yang sangat penting, karena itu merupakan kebutuhan manusia yang sangat esensial. Belajar dapat mengembangkan potensi yang ada pada diri manusia, baik potensi jasmani/rohani. Belajar juga menurupakan suatu kewajiban yang harus dilakukan oleh setiap manusia Untuk mendapatkan pengetahuan, agar hasil belajar tidak sia-sia dan bermanfaat, maka perlunya suatu pendekatan dalam proses belajar agar siswa bisa mendapatkan ilmu yang bermanfaat. Berangkat dari latar belakang itulah penulis kemudian ingin membahasnya dalam artikel dengan judul “Pendekatan dalam Proses Belajar agar mendapatkan ilmu bermanfaat (kajian kitab Ayyuh? al-Walad
A molecular dynamics study of N-A-S-H gel with various Si/Al ratios
No full textThe understanding of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate (N-A-S-H) gel is still limited due to its complex and amorphous structure. Recently, molecular dynamics simulation has provided a unique opportunity to better understand the structure of N-A-S-H gel from nanoscale. In this work, the N-A-S-H gel structure was obtained by simulating the polymerization of Si and Al monomers by molecular dynamics. The simulated polymerization process is in good agreement with the experimental results especially in terms of the reaction rate of Si and Al species. The atomic structural features of the N-A-S-H gel were analyzed in terms of bond length and bond angle information, simulated X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Qn distribution. A significant finding is the existence of pentacoordinate Al in all simulated N-A-S-H structures, indicating that pentacoordinate Al in geopolymer does not only come from raw material. Besides, the results show that a smaller Si/Al ratio led to a more crosslinked and compacted structure of N-A-S-H gel
Author Correction: The future of Blue Carbon science
No full textCorrection to: Nature Communications https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11693-w, published online 05 September 2019.
The original version of this Article contained an error in the author affiliations.
Affiliation 24 incorrectly read ‘School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH11 4BN, UK’
This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.Full Tex
Predicting S&P 500 Closing Prices Using a Feedforward Neural Network: A Machine Learning Approach
No full textThe Standard and Poor’s 500 index is a crucial benchmark for investors, financial analysts, and policymakers to assess stock market performance and make informed investment decisions. Accurate S&P 500 closing price prediction is vital for efficient portfolio management and risk mitigation. This study explores the application of neural networks, specifically the Feedforward Neural Network, to predict the S&P 500 closing price. The author used a dataset from 1950 to 2024, including variables such as open, high, low, close, and volume as the initial step. Various training-testing ratios are tested to evaluate the models\u27 performance. The results highlight that an eighty to twenty split yields the best predictive accuracy, with the lowest Mean Absolute Error and Mean Absolute Percentage Error. Additionally, this study compares the Feedforward Neural Network\u27s predictions to polynomial regression models and investigates cluster-wise fitting techniques to enhance accuracy. The findings demonstrate that neural networks can significantly improve the predictive power of S&P 500 closing prices, particularly when combined with advanced regression techniques, providing valuable insights for academic research and practical financial decisions
- …
