1,721,033 research outputs found
EEG-based biometrics for person identification and continuous authentication
No full textIn this chapter, we will provide an overview of EEG biometrics and discuss some of the salient research issues that need to be addressed for making EEG biometric an effective tool for providing information security. We introduce brain signals, especially EEG signals and its analysis methods, before we discuss brainwave biometrics from four aspects, namely the criteria, the elicitation protocols, the feature extraction methods and the classification algorithms. The chapter is then concluded with discussions on how to integrate EEG biometrics with other biometric modalities for continuous authentication, followed by open research questions on the design of EEG-based biometric systems.</p
Satellite Image Matching and Registration: A Comparative Study Using Invariant Local Features
No full textThe rapid increasing of remote sensing (RS) data in many applications ignites a spark of interest in the process of satellite image matching and registration. These data are collected through remote sensors then processed and interpreted by means of image processing algorithms. They are taken from different sensors, viewpoints, or times for many industrial and governmental applications covering agriculture, forestry, urban and regional planning, geology, water resources, and others. In this chapter, a feature-based registration of optical and radar images from same and different sensors using invariant local features is presented. The registration process starts with the feature extraction and matching stages which are considered as key issues when processing remote sensing data from single or multi-sensors. Then, the geometric transformation models are applied followed by the interpolation method in order to get a final registered version. As a pre-processing step, speckle noise removal is performed on radar images in order to reduce the number of false detections. In a similar fashion, optical images are also processed by sharpening and enhancing edges in order to get more accurate detections. Different blob, corner and scale based feature detectors are tested on both optical and radar images. The list of tested detectors includes: SIFT, SURF, FAST, MSER, Harris, GFTT, ORB, BRISK and Star. In this work, five of these detectors compute their own descriptors (SIFT, SURF, ORB, BRISK, and BRIEF), while others use the steps involved in SIFT descriptor to compute the feature vectors describing the detected keypoints. A filtering process is proposed in order to control the number of extracted keypoints from high resolution satellite images for a real time processing. In this step, the keypoints or the ground control points (GCPs) are sorted according to the response strength measured based on their cornerness. A threshold value is chosen to control the extracted keypoints and finalize the extraction phase. Then, the pairwise matches between the input images are calculated by matching the corresponding feature vectors. Once the list of tie points is calculated, a full registration process is followed by applying different geometric transformations to perform the warping phase. Finally and once the transformation model estimation is done, it is followed by blending and compositing the registered version. The results included in this chapter showed a good performance for invariant local feature detectors. For example, SIFT, SURF, Harris, FAST and GFTT achieve better performance on optical images while SIFT gives also better results on radar images which suffer from speckle noise. Furthermore, through measuring the inliers ratios, repeatability, and robustness against noise, variety of comparisons have been done using different local feature detectors and descriptors in addition to evaluating the whole registration process. The tested optical and radar images are from RapidEye, Pléiades, TET-1, ASTER, IKONOS-2, and TerraSAR-X satellite sensors in different spatial resolutions, covering some areas in Australia, Egypt, and Germany
A virtualised network testbed for zero-day worm analysis and countermeasure testing
No full textComputer network worms are one of the most significant malware threats and have gained wide attention due to their increased virulence, speed and sophistication in successive Internet-wide outbreaks. In order to detect and defend against network worms, a safe and convenient environment is required to closely observe their infection and propagation behaviour. The same facility can also be employed in testing candidate worm countermeasures. This paper presents the design, implementation and commissioning of a novel virtualized malware testing environment, based on virtualization technologies provided by VMware and open source software. The novelty of this environment is its scalability of running virtualised hosts, high fidelity, confinement, realistic traffic generation, and efficient log file creation. This paper also presents the results of an experiment involving the launch of a Slammer-like worm on the testbed to show its propagation behaviour
Introduction to Information Security Foundations and Applications
No full textInformation security has extended to include several research directions like user authentication and authorization, network security, hardware security, software security, and data cryptography. Information security has become a crucial need for protecting almost all information transaction applications. Security is considered as an important science discipline whose many multifaceted complexities deserve the synergy of the computer science and engineering communities
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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