30,125 research outputs found
Planning urban pavement maintenance by a new interactive multiobjective optimization approach
No full textPavement maintenance is essential to prevent the deterioration of asset value and to satisfy the expectations of all stakeholders (objectives). However, the budgets are often insufficient to keep the road pavement at optimum levels. Therefore, a decision making process ought to be used for prioritizing different maintenance activities in order to achieve pre-defined goals by optimizing the use of the available budget. One of the biggest difficulties in multiobjective optimization method is the large number of the feasible solutions (Pareto optimal set or its approximation), which makes it hard for the Decision Maker to select the best solution.To support interaction with the decision maker for identifying the best combination of maintenance actions, this paper proposes a new methodology named Interactive Multiobjective Optimization-Dominance Rough Set Approach (IMO-DRSA), using a decision-rule preference model.The preference information, obtained by the Decision Maker (DM) during the course of the interaction, is processed using the Dominance-based Rough Set Approach in order to achieve a decision model expressed in terms of easily understandable if ....then ... decision rules. This approach makes possible an interaction between the analyst and the decision maker and helps the decision maker to classify maintenance options and allocate limited funds according to predefined objectives (quantitative or qualitative). An application of the proposed methodology to road pavements of an Italian urban sub-network is presented
Maria Bersani
No full textLa voce illustra la biografia e l'apporto letterario dato da Maria Bersani alla letteratura per l'infanziaThe headword explains the biography and the contribution of the author Maria Bersani to the children's literatur
Dominance-based rough set approach:An application case study for setting speed limits for vehicles in speed controlled zones
No full textSafety Index for evaluation of urban roundabouts
No full text: Recently, there is a growing interest in road safety assessments based on the examination of the characteristics of the road aimed at identifying the presence of risk factors. This approach, named road assessment program or network wide road safety assessment, is required by the EU Directive 2019/1936 on road infrastructure safety management. Reliable procedures for assessing the inherent safety of all the elements of the road network are required to conduct roadway safety assessments. To provide a contribution toward the development of procedures for network wide road safety assessment, this paper develops and validates a Safety Index (SI) for evaluating urban roundabouts. The SI is assessed both at the roundabout level as well as at the roundabout approach level. This procedure detects the safety issues that are the largest contributors to crash risk in order to identify the safety measures that provide the greatest crash reduction at roundabouts. The SI is formulated by combining two components: the exposure of road users to road hazards (Exposure) and the risk factors which increase the probability of involvement in crashes (Risk Index). The procedure considers 33 detailed safety issues and 5 general safety issues to compute the Risk Index. Criteria for identifying and ranking the safety issues are defined. The SI procedure was validated in a sample of 50 urban roundabouts located in Rome, Italy. The sample consisted of 12 single-lane roundabouts and 38 two-lane roundabouts, with a total number of approaches equal to 179. In these roundabouts, the SI scores and the EB crash estimates were compared with reference both to the whole roundabouts as well as to the single roundabout approaches. The correlation between the SI scores and EB estimates was highly significant both at the roundabout level (R2 = 0.85, t = 16.49, p-value < 0.001) as well as at the approach level (R2 = 0.56, t = 14.88, p-value < 0.001). The results from Spearman's rank-correlation analysis provided further validation for the SI indicating that rankings from the SI and the EB estimates agree at the 99.9 % confidence level both at the roundabout level (ρs = 0.80) as well as at the approach level (ρs = 0.70)
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Advancing road safety in urban area: the impact of roundabouts on intersection design
No full textIntersection represents a significant challenge around road traffic safety, posing a major problem, and particularly during peak hour of urban road traffic. The high risk of accidents at this congested intersection is a serious concern, given that they involve a variety of road users, including vehicles and pedestrians. To address these challenges and minimize the risks related to intersections, roundabout have emerged as a significant effort. To address these challenges and minimize risks related to intersections, roundabouts have emerged as a notable solution. This approach does not only contribute to improved traffic flow but also enhances overall road safety by providing a more efficient alternative compared to conventional intersection designs. This study takes a comprehensive look at the safety performance of roundabouts as an alternative intersection design, by systematically reviewing relevant literature from Scopus and Google Scholar, aiming to explain how roundabout intersections contribute to crash reduction and traffic safety improvement. The analysis reveals that roundabouts generally lead to a significant reduction in severe collisions and enhance traffic flow efficiency. This is primarily due to their design, which minimizes conflict points and promotes lower vehicle speeds, and positively impacts the visibility and safety of pedestrian crossings. However, the roundabout has challenges, such as the requirement for drivers to adapt to new traffic patterns and the public’s perception of the different aspects of the roundabout design. The findings indicate that roundabouts substantially improve road safety, evidenced by significant reductions in fatal and injury crashes. The literature also emphasizes the importance of customizing roundabout design and implementation to specific conditions, highlighting that such adapting is critical to maximizing benefits and ensuring positive impacts on road safety which is important to developed in further research
O curso de licenciatura em educação física da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina: suas concepções de ensino e de educação física
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Centro de Educação Fisica e Desporto
A new methodological approach for road friction deterioration models development based on energetic road traffic characterization
No full textSafety studies have indicated strong correlation between road friction and accident risk, with a dramatic increase in accident when friction drops below certain threshold. For this reason, managing pavement skid resistance is an important mean to reduce crashes. Unfortunately, during the pavement lifespan, skid resistance undergoes to deterioration due to several factors (traffic wear, weathering and aging). The correct management of road pavements implies the knowledge of the performance evolution, obtained both with monitoring and degradation models, however, among those latter available in literature, very few explored the influence of traffic vehicles in terms of type and travel mode. In this paper a new methodology combining the use of road sectioning schemes with a traffic damage criterion based on the dissipated energy at the tire-road pavement contact, for the development of degradation curves from experimental data collected on roads with different traffic, in terms of volumes, vehicle composition and motion conditions, is presented. The methodology has been validated to an open graded bituminous surface course (OGSC) on urban motorway and obtained degradation models have been also compared with those provided by a traditional degradation modelling approach highlighting the superior performance of the proposed approach
Erratum: Lack of immunity against rubella among Italian young adults. [BMC Infect Dis., 17, (2017) (199)] Doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2295-y
No full textAfter publication of this article [1], the authors noted that the given names and family names of all authors had been inverted, and are therefore incorrect in the original article. In the original article, the author names appear as the following: Gallone Maria Serena, Gallone Maria Filomena, Larocca Angela Maria Vittoria, Germinario Cinzia and Tafuri Silvio. However, this is incorrect, and the author names should appear as per the below: Maria Serena Gallone, Maria Filomena Gallone, Angela Maria Vittoria Larocca, Cinzia Germinario, Silvio Tafuri. The author names have been corrected in the author list and the citation for this Erratum
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