1,721,033 research outputs found
A GIS-Based Approach to Enhance Safety and Accessibility of Shared Mobility Services
No full textThe implementation of shared mobility services within cities plays an influential key role in enhancing sustainability by optimizing the use of transport resources, reducing the number of private vehicles, and mitigating traffic congestion and carbon emissions, thus contributing to a greener and more eco-friendly urban environment. Nonetheless, the full potential of shared mobility services may be hindered by inadequate walkability of the locations for pick-up and drop-off points. High accident risks can deter users from accessing service pick-up points, thereby constraining the adoption of these sustainable transport solutions.
In this regard, the paper presents a comprehensive methodological approach based on spatial analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) that examines various levels of data to analyse the interplay between accidents and accessibility. This method allows for a deeper understanding of how urban design influences safety and accessibility in shared mobility. By integrating multiple layers of spatial data, i.e. accident hotspots and topology and infrastructural features of the pedestrian transport network, the study allows a twofold “BS-ScOREs – BikeSharing - Safety and accessibility Outcome Rating Evaluations" for an overall qualitative and quantitative assessment within the buffers around service pick-up points and highlight punctual criticalities. The method was applied to a case study, considering the bikesharing stations in Palermo (Italy). A well-designed pedestrian-friendly environment complements these shared services, enabling convenient access to transport hubs and enhancing the overall accessibility and usability of sustainable mobility alternatives within urban areas. Research outcomes can support establishing safe and well-planned pedestrian environments at these locations and, along with implementing road safety initiatives, can enhance confidence and encourage broader engagement with shared mobility services. Further research will focus on applying the method to other points of interest (e.g. carsharing stations; schools), encompassing additional characteristics linked to walkability and conducting in-field surveys to validate the findings
A methodological perspective on understanding overtourism in Mediterranean Islands. The case of Sardinia region, Italy
No full textThe term overtourism has become very popular, however it remains open to several interpretations. Its popularity
is due to the acceleration and changes in tourism supply through the growth of tourist accommodation, lowcost
airlines and other transport services, infrastructure and intermediary sectors, and demand that is driven by
the growth in the world’s population, the ageing of parts of the population, and the appearance of increasingly
diverse households, that have occurred across the world, but especially in urban areas. In some contexts, such as
those of Mediterranean islands, overtourism occurs mainly in short periods, with significant peaks in some months
of the year (especially in summer), increasing the pressure on the natural and human environments and on the
supply of services for local communities. This study proposes a place-based methodology to evaluate the spatial
distribution and autocorrelation of a set of tourism indicators to understand the potential for overtourism in insular,
island contexts using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) maps.
Validation of this methodology is conducted in the Sardinian region of Italy, which represents a relevant case study
among Mediterranean islands. Results show how overtourism is concentrated in time and space, mainly affecting
the summer season and clustering around coastal destinations. This approach aims to support policies that
promote more sustainable tourism by improving the temporal and spatial distribution of tourist flows
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The Potential of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) in Future Transport Systems
Full text linkAs transport systems are pushed to the limits in many cities, governments have tried to resolve problems of traffic and congestion by increasing capacity. Miller (2013) contends the need to identify new capabilities (instead of capacity) of the transport infrastructure in order to increase efficiency without extending the physical infrastructure. Kenyon and Lyons (2003) identified integrated traveller information as a facilitator for better transport decisions. Today, with further developments in the use of geographic information systems (GIS) and a greater disposition by the public to provide volunteered geographic information (VGI), the potential of information is not only integrated across modes but also user-generated, real-time and available on smartphones anywhere. This geographic information plays today an important role in sectors such as politics, businesses and entertainment, and presumably this would extend to transport in revealing people’s preferences for mobility and therefore be useful for decision-making. The widespread availability of networks and smartphones offer new opportunities supported by apps and crowdsourcing through social media such as the successful traffic and navigation app Waze, car sharing programmes such as Zipcar, and ride sharing systems such as Uber. This study aims to develop insights into the potential of governments to use voluntary (crowdsourced) geographic information effectively to achieve sustainable mobility. A review of the literature and existing technology informs this article. Further research into this area is identified and presented at the end of the paper
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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