1,120 research outputs found
The determination of mothers' knowledge level about mother's milk in infants and babies [Bir çocuk hastanesine başvuran 0-12 aylık bebeklerin annelerinin anne sütü ile ilgili bilgi düzeylerinin belirlenmesi]
No full textA mother's milk is the ideal way of feeding for a baby regarding to physically, mentally and pschologically. As the knowledge level of a mother about the benefits of mother's milk and suckling, the number of babies fed with mother's milk is reducing in following months after birth. The deficiency in growing and improving is seen in infants and babies who are not fed with mother's milk and in following years health and nutrition problems appear. In such increasing cases the importance of mother's milk and colostrum, the suckling time and period and stoping suckling time should be taught to the mothers. This study is carried out to determine the knowledge level of mothers about mother's milk and suckling. The study is carried out in "Amasya Women and Childen Hospital". The sample of the study consist of 110 mothers who have babies between the age of 0-1 between the dates 19th-30 th, December 2005. The date was obtained through a questionaire consisting of 42 questions to determine the knowledge level of mothers on mother's milk. The questions were prepared by surveying the related literature. The data is evaluated by SPSS for Windows Statistical Programme and the number percentage distributions are obtained. When the data evaluated generally, it is seen that mothers feed their babies with mother's milk. However 8.2 % of them did not give colostrum, 43.6 % of them didn't have any knowledge about mother's milk and 5.5 % of them started suckling 24 hours after birth. At the end of the study it is advised to educate mothers regularly on the importance of colostrum, mother's milk and the benefits of early suckling by nurses
A Sample Of The Evaluation Of A Text By Using Multimedia Activities
No full textE itim yakla mlar teknolojideki h zl geli melere paralel olarak boyut de i tirmi ve süreç temelli
ö renmeyi art ko mu tur. Sürece dayal ö renme beraberinde yeni araç-gereç ve teknikleri ö reticinin
kullan m na sunmu tur. Tüm bilim ve bilgi alanlar nda görülen bu de i imin en belirgin örneklerinden biri,
teknolojik baz materyallerle ö rencilerin da arc n zenginle tirme ve temel dil becerilerini geli tirmeyi
hedefleyen çoklu ortam aktiviteleridir. Dil ö retimini ö retici ve ö renci aç s ndan daha zevkli ve kal c k lma
noktas nda kolayl klar sa layan bu aktivite, La Fontaine n Tav anla Kurba alar adl fabl metni üzerinde
uygulanm t r. Uygulamada haz rl k, okudu unu anlama, sözcük edinimi ve yazma çal malar na yer verilmi tir.Educational approaches have altered its dimension in parallel to the developments in technology;
thus, requiring process-based-learning. This type of learning provide the teachers with new facilities and
methods. One of the most prominent example of this change in all science and knowledge areas is the
multimedia activities which aims at improving students basic language abilities as well as enrich their
knowledge store. These activities, which help students learn in a more entertaining atmosphere and facilitate
them to remember what they learn in the following years, are implemented in the fable entitled A Rabbit and
Frogs . In this practice, comprehending the readings, acquiring new words, and writing exercised are
underscore
Turkish Teacher Candidates Views About Teacher Qualifications
No full textBu çal mada, Türkçe ö retmeni adaylar n n
ö retmen niteliklerine yönelik görü lerinin belirlenmesi
amaçlanm t r. Çal ma grubu, 2009 2010 akademik
y l nda Atatürk Üniversitesi Kaz m Karabekir E itim
Fakültesi Türkçe E itimi Bölümünde ö renim gören 150
(82 erkek, 68 kad n) son s n f ö rencisinden
olu maktad r. Türkçe ö retmeni adaylar n n ö retmen
niteliklerine yönelik görü leri, ara t rmac lar taraf ndan
geli tirilen Ö retmen Adaylar n n Ö retmen Niteliklerine
Yönelik Görü Anketi ile toplanm t r. Elde edilen veriler,
SPSS program arac l yla analiz edilmi tir. Verilerin
analizi sonucunda, Türkçe ö retmeni adaylar n n,
ö retim sürecinde etkili olan ö retmen niteliklerine
yönelik olumlu düzeyde görü e sahip olduklar tespit
edilmi tirPurpose of this study is to determine the Turkish
teacher candidates views about teacher qualifications.
Research sample consists of 150 (82 male, 68 female)
teacher candidates teaching in fourth class Ataturk
University Kaz m Karabekir Education Faculty Turkish
Education Department in 2009-2010 academic year.Research s data about teacher qualifications collected
with Teacher Candidates Views About Teacher
Qualifications Survey developed by researchers.. Data
analysed with SPSS 11.5 programme. At the end of the
study it has been found that Turkish teacher candidates
have positive views about teacher qualification
Left upper lobe atelectasis due to plastic bronchitis.
No full textŞişmanlar T, Aslan AT, Öztunalı Ç, Boyunağa Ö. Left upper lobe atelectasis due to plastic bronchitis. Turk J Pediatr 2017; 59: 207-209. Plastic bronchitis is a rare condition in children, characterized by expectoration of branching bronchial casts. It can cause atelectasis in the lung. Herein we reported a 4.5-year-old boy with left upper lobe atelectasis due to plastic bronchitis. Although his chest X-ray is specific for left upper left atelectasis, thoracic computerized tomography had been performed and was compatible with obliterated left upper lobe bronchus. Typical radiological appearance of the left upper lobe atelectasis is not well known by clinicians which results unnecessary further examinations such as computerized tomography which exposes high dose radiation. We want to emphasize the long-term side effects of radiation and avoid unnecessary examinations in children
Investigation of the Relationship between Anxiety Disorder and Time Perception with DRD2 rs1800497 Polymorphism
No full textWe have many biological systems that regulate the perception of time, which is one of
our most essential abilities that allows subjectively predicting, perceiving and
understanding the duration of experiences, feelings and achievements. There are
findings obtained from many studies aiming to illuminate the place and importance of
time, which was the most critical reference point for human understanding of life in
the past, for us mammals. According to these findings, it is observed that there is a
similar mechanism that provides the perception of time in almost every living
organism. Time perception is vital for the healthy functioning of cognitive activities,
physiological needs and behavioral relations, and the bio-psycho-social order's
systematicity. Among the studies conducted, the findings obtained in the studies
related to the effect of psychiatric disorders on the perception of time are somewhat
blurry compared to the others. The research for this study was based on six basic
Polymorphisms known to affect time perception and internal clock mechanisms. These
are as follows: SLC6A4 / 5-HTTLPR, 5HT2A / T102C, DRD2 / TAQ1A, SLC6A3 / 3UTR
VNTR, COMT / VAL158MET, GABRB2 A/C, CLOCK. In our study, the relationship
between the rs1800497 polymorphism, which is one of these seven polymorphisms
that are effective in the functioning of the internal clock in the human brain, and the
inventory used in the measurement of anxiety, was examined in 14 participants. Beck
Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was used to measure anxiety, and PCR was used to detect
genetic variants. When the findings were evaluated, no significant relationship was
found between anxiety and DRD2 rs1800497 polymorphism
The Effects of Polymorphysms in MMP3 (Rs679620) and VDR (Rs731236) Genes on Gene-Envıronment Interactİons and Carİes Risk Assessment
No full textMMP3(rs679620) VEVDR(rs731236) GENLERİNDE OLUŞANPOLİMORFİZMLERİN GEN-ÇEVRE ETKİLEŞİMLERİ İLE ÇÜRÜK RİSK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ ÜZERİNE OLAN ETKİLERİSeda Özmen,Pınar Yılmaz Atalı, Ömer Birkan Ağralı, Becte Tacal Aslan, Özlem Özge Yılmaz,Tolga Polat, Mehmet Burak Aksu, Korkut UlucanAmaç:Günümüzde yapılan çürük risk modellerinde çoklu değişkenler eklenmiş ve özellikle gen-çevre etkileşimi incelenmiştir. Çalışmamızın amacı;VDRveMMP3genlerinde meydana gelen gen polimorfizmlerin etkilerinin değerlendirilip çürük risk modellemesi üzerine olan etkilerinin incelenmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem:Çalışma populasyonu, fakülte hastanesine başvuran 20-44 yaş aralığındaki erkek bireylerde rutin ağız içi muayenesi sonrasında çürük, eksik ve restorasyonlu dişler (DMFT) indeksine göre tanı konulan ‘yüksek çürük risk’(DMFT ≥ 14) ve düşük çürük risk’(DMFT£5) olarak 2 gruptan oluşturulmuştur (n=160). Detaylı anamnez alınan katılımcılardan plak indeksi, gingival indeks sondalamada kanama, sondalama derinliği, klinik ataşman seviyesi ve tükürük tamponlama kapasitesi, tükürük streptekok mutans (SM) ve laktobasil (LB) sayısı ölçülmüştür.Katılımcılardan alınan kan örneklerinden DNA izolasyonları sonrasında,MMP3(rs679620)veVDR(rs731236)genotiplemesi ise Real-time PZR tekniği kullanılarak belirlenmiştir.Elde edilen sonuçlar istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılarakanlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05’te değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular:Gruplar arası plak indeksi, gingival indeks, sondalama derinliği, klinik ataşman seviyesi, sondalamada kanama, tükürük akış hızı, tükürük tamponlama kapasitesi ve tükürük SM ve LB sayısı faktörleri arasında anlamlı düzeyde fark bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Çevresel risk faktörlerinde sosyoekonomik durum, diş fırçalama sıklığı, koruyucu diş tedavisine yönelik uygulama durumları açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı düzeyde fark tespit edilmiştir (p<0,001).MMP3rs679620 polimorfizminin de çürük risk belirlemesinde etkili olduğu (p<0,001);VDRpolimorfizminin ise etkili olmadığı (p=0,862) tespit edilmiştir.DMFT’ ye etki eden değişkenlerin incelenmesinde Adımsal Regresyon Analizi yapılarak model 7 adımda incelenmiştir ve modeller istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,001).Çevresel risk faktörü olarak plak indeksi, sondalamada kanama, şekerli ara öğün tüketim sıklığı, tükürük tamponlaması,MMP3rs679620 gen polimorfizminin içerenModel 5 DMFT’ nin %58’ini açıklamıştır.Sonuç:Çürük risk modelinde; plak indeksi, sondalamada kanama, şekerli ara öğün tüketim sıklığı, tükürük tamponlaması,MMP3rs679620 gen polimorfizminin çevresel risk faktörü olarak modelde yer alması, bireylerin risk gruplarının belirlenmesinde etkili olacaktır.Anahtar Kelimeler:Çürük risk değerlendirmesi, gen-çevre etkileşimi,MMP3, Polimorfizm, VDR.THE EFFECTS OF POLYMORPHYSMS IN MMP3 (rs679620) AND VDR (rs731236) GENES ON GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS AND CARIES RISK ASSESSMENTSeda Özmen,Pınar Yılmaz Atalı, Ömer Birkan Ağralı, Becte Tacal Aslan, Özlem Özge Yılmaz, Tolga Polat, Özlem Özge Yılmaz, Mehmet Burak Aksu, Korkut UlucanObjective:In today\"s caries risk models, multiple variables have been added and especially the gene-environment interaction has been examined. The aim of our study; evaluating the effects of gene polymorphisms (GP) occurring in VDR and MMP3 genes and examining their effects on caries risk assesment model.Materials and Methods:After routine oral examination in male individuals aged between 20-44, the diagnosis was made according to the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index and study population was classified as \"high caries risk\" (DMFT ≥ 14), \"low caries risk\" (DMFT£5) (n=160).Periodontal indices and saliva buffering capacity, salivary quantity ofStreptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus spp (LB)were measured from the participants whose detailed anamnesis was recorded. After DNA isolations,MMP3(rs679620) andVDR(rs731236) genotyping were determined using Real-time PCR technique. The results were evaluated under p<0.05 significance level.Results:There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of plaque index (PI), gingival index, probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing (BP), salivary flow rate, saliva buffering capacity and salivary quantity ofSM and LBfactors (p<0.001); and in terms of environmental risk factors, socioeconomic status, frequency of tooth brushing, and application of preventive dental treatment (p<0.001). MMP3 rs679620 polymorphism is also effective in determining caries risk (p<0.001); It was determined that the VDR polymorphism was not effective (p=0.862).Stepwise Regression Analysis was performed to examine the variables affecting the DMFT, and the model was examined in 7 steps. Model 5, which includes plaque index, bleeding on probing, frequency of consumption of sugary snacks (SS), saliva buffering (SB), MMP3 rs679620 GP as environmental risk factors, explained 58% of DMFT.Conclusion:PI, BP, SS, SB,MMP3rs679620 GP as an environmental risk factor in the caries risk model will be effective in determining the risk groups of individuals.Keywords:Caries risk assessment, gene-environment interaction,MMP3, Polymorphism, VDR
Generalized (?,?)-derivations on Jordan ideals in *-prime rings
No full textLet 2 will be a 2-torsion free *-prime ring and ?, ? ? Aut R. F be a nonzero generalized (?, ?)-derivation of R with associated nonzero (?, ?)-derivation d which commutes with * and J be a nonzero *-Jordan ideal and a subring of R. In the present paper, we shall prove that R is commutative if any one of the following holds: (i)[F(u), u]?? = 0, (ii)F(u)?(u) = ?(u)d(u), (iii)F(u2 = ±?(u2)), (iv)F(u2) = 2d(u)?(u), (v)d(u2) = 2F(u)?(u), for all u ? U. © 2013 The Author(s).Gölbaşi, Ö.; Department of Mathematics, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey; email: [email protected]
A Tafsir Treatise by Unknown Author
No full textBu çalışma, Nahl suresinin 90. ayet-i kerimesi üzerine müellifi bilinmeyen bir tefsir risalesinin tahkikidir. Eser tek nüsha olup Risâle fi Tefsîri Âyeti İnnallâhe Ye’muru bi’l-Adli ve’l-İhsân adıyla Köprülü Kütüphanesi’nde (Fazıl Ahmed Paşa Bölümü, dn.: 001606, va.: 189/b-195/b) kayıtlıdır. Dili Arapça olup yazısı gayet okunaklıdır. Yazar, söz konusu ayeti beş başlık altında tefsir etmiştir: Edebiyat, önceki müfessirlerin görüşleri, usûlüddîn, fıkıh usulü ve fıkıh. Ayeti fıkıh usulü açısından tefsir ettiği kısımda, tefsirin sınırlarını oldukça zorlamıştır. En dikkat çeken husus, müellifin tefsirinde besmeleden sonra hamdele ve salveleye yer vermemiş olmasıdır. Bu, ilim tarihimizde alışık olmadığımız bir durumdur. Yazmanın ferağ kaydı da bulunmamaktadır. Yazar, Süfyân b. Uyeyne (ö. 198/814), Taberî (ö. 310/923), İbn Îsâ (ö. 334/946?), Zemahşerî (ö. 538/1144) ve İbn Atıyye’yi (ö. 541/1147) kaynak olarak kullanmıştır. Bunların dışında Kâdî Ebû Bekr (Bâkıllânî) (ö. 403/1013), Gazzâlî (ö. 505/1111) gibi isimlerden de söz etmiştir. Ayetin fıkıh açısından tefsir edildiği son bölüm, nerdeyse bütünüyle Nevevî’nin (ö. 676/1277) Müslim şerhinden nakledilmiştir.This study is the critical edition of a pamphlet that contains the exegesis (tafsir) of “Surat al-Nahl – verse: 90”. The author of the pamphlet is unfortunately unknown. There is only one known manuscript, which is registered in the Koprulu Library in the name of Risâla fî Tafsîri Âyat Innallâha Ya’muru bi al-‘Adl wa al-Ihsân. It is written in very clear and plain Arabic that makes it much easier to read. The author interpretes the verse under the five topics: Literature; Remarks of Early Exegetes; Usul al-Dîn (Essentials of the Religion); Usul al-Fiqh (Jurisprudence) and Fiqh (Law). In the part where he explains the verse in terms of the jurisprudence, the author pushes the limits of the ‘ilm al-tafsir. It might be interesting that the author does not attach hamdalah and salwalah after basmalah, which is quite uncommon in Islamic writing tradition. There is also no sign indicating the writing date of the manuscript. He uses Tabari Sufyan ibn Uyayna (d. 198/814), (d. 310/923), Ibn Isa (d. 334/946?), Zamahshari (d. 538/1144) and Ibn Atiyya (d. 541/1147) as its sources. Apart from these, he also refers to some famous names such as Ghazzali and Qadi Abu Bakr. The last chapter in which the verse is interpreted in terms of the fiqh has been quoted almost entirely from Nawawi’s (d. 676/1277) commentary on Sahih al-Muslim
Kayakta başarılı olan oğlağo ailesine mensup bireylerin genetik özelliklerinin incelenmesi
No full textMMP3 (Rs679620) ve VDR (Rs731236) gen polimorfizmlerinin, periodontal olarak sağlikli erkek bireylerde, diş çürük lezyonu oluşumundaki etkisinin değerlendirilmesi: pilot çalışma
No full textAmaç:Çürük oluşumu pek çok faktörün etkilediği bir süreçtir. Yapılan çalışmalar genetik faktörlerin de çürük oluşumunda rol oynadığını göstermiştir. Çalışmamızda, östrojen hormon mekanizması ve mensturasyon döngüsünün gen ekspresyon sürecini değiştirmesi sebebiyle, erkek bireylerde diş mineralizasyon sürecinde rol oynayanMMP3veVDRgenlerinde oluşan polimorfizmlerin çürük oluşumuna olan etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem:Fakülte hastanesine başvuran 20-44 yaş aralığındaki erkek bireylerde rutin ağız içi muayenesi sonrasında; çürük, eksik ve restorasyonlu dişler (DMFT) indeksine göre tanı konulmuştur. Deney grubunu, ‘yüksek çürük risk’ (DMFT ≥ 14, n=28); kontrol grubunun ise ‘çürük lezyonu bulunmayan’ (DMFT=0, n=28) kişiler oluşturmuştur. Detaylı anamnez alınan katılımcılardan plak indeksi, sondalamada kanama ölçümü yapılmıştır.Katılımcılardan alınan kan örneklerinden DNA izolasyonları sonrasında,MMP3(rs679620)veVDR(rs731236)genotiplemesi Real-time PZR tekniği kullanılarak belirlenmiştir.Elde edilen sonuçlar istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılarakanlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05’te değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular:Çalışmamıza katılan bireylerde sondalamada kanama derecesi %10’un altında ve DMFT=0 olan düşük risk grubundaki (kontrol) ve de sondalamada kanama derecesi %10’un altında olan yüksek risk grubundaki bireylerin (deney)MMP3veVDRpolimorfizmleri açısından kıyaslaması yapılmış ve gruplara göreMMP3dağılımları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farlılık bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Gruplara göre VDR dağılımları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır (p=0,659)Sonuç:Çalışmamızın sınırları dahilinde MMP3(rs679620) gen polimorfizminin çürük oluşum üzerinde etkili;VDR(rs731236) polimorfizminin ise etkisiz olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Katılımcı sayısının arttırılarak ileri çalışmaların yapılması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.Anahtar Kelimeler:Çürük risk değerlendirmesi, gen-çevre etkileşimi, MMP3, polimorfizm, VDR.Aim:Caries formation is a process affected by many factors. Studies have shown that genetic factors also play a role in caries formation. In our study, we aimed to examine the effects of polymorphisms in the MMP3 and VDR genes, which play a role in the tooth mineralization process in male individuals, on the formation of caries, due to the estrogen hormone mechanism and the menstrual cycle changing the gene expression process.Materials & Methods:After routine oral examination in male individuals aged between 20-44, the diagnosis was made according to the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index; experimental group as ‘high caries risk’ (DMFT ≥ 14); the control group as ‘no caries’ (DMFT=0), (n=56). Plaque index, bleeding on probing were measured from the participants whose detailed anamnesis was recorded. After DNA isolations from blood samples taken from the participants,MMP3(rs679620) andVDR(rs731236) genotyping were determined using Real-time PCR technique. The results were evaluated under p<0.05 significance level.Results:Comparison ofMMP3andVDRpolymorphisms among individuals who participated in our study in the‘no caries’group with a bleeding degree of less than 10% on probing and DMFT=0, and individuals in the ‘high-risk group’ with a bleeding degree on probing below 10% performed and a statistically significant difference was found betweenMMP3distributions according to the groups (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between theVDRdistributions according to the groups (p=0.659)Conclusion: Within the limits of our study, it was found that MMP3 (rs679620) gene polymorphism was effective on caries formation; It was concluded that VDR (rs731236) polymorphism had no effect on caries formation. It is thought that further studies should be carried out by increasing the number of participants.Keywords:Caries risk assessment, gene-environment interaction, MMP3, polymorphism, VD
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