101 research outputs found
Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko as the Leader of the CPSU and the Soviet Union (1984—1985)
No full textThe activity of Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko as the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU is analyzed. The author reveals the objective and subjective factors that influenced his coming to power. The relevance of the study is due to the need to obtain objective knowledge and understanding of the content of Chernenko’s internal policy at the highest post in the party. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that, based on an analysis of various historical sources, the question of which areas of the CPSU policy was focused on Chernenko’s attention as General Secretary for 13 months. It is stated that Chernenko left a noticeable mark on politics, despite the fact that he was unable to propose a policy that could be identified with his name and defined as “Chernenko’s policy”. It has been proved that he, on the whole, continued the policy pursued by Andropov, and did not seek to “freeze” the ongoing reforms. It is shown that he had a clear understanding of the need to reform not only the economy, but also some spheres of society, especially education. It is emphasized that he also raised the issue of the need to enhance the role of the Soviets. It is shown that in the top leadership of the USSR Chernenko was perceived as a temporary leader, which exacerbated the struggle for power within the Politburo
Лукізм: україномовна версія
No full textThe author reveals the existance of such kind of hate speech as lооkism in the Ukrainian language. For these purposes the data of lexicographical sources has been analyzed. Diff erent manifestations of lookism in the Ukrainian language system have been described, among them: the lexemes and idioms (including proverbs and sayings) that name the peculiarities of a person’s appearance and have axiological connotative components in their meanings. Special attention has been paid to the usage labels and examples given in the defi nitions from dictionaries. Besides, the author emphasizes the importance of dictionaries as a means of fi xation, preservation and transmission of social values, including the discriminatory attitudes
Лукізм: україномовна версія
No full textThe author reveals the existance of such kind of hate speech as lооkism in the Ukrainian
language. For these purposes the data of lexicographical sources has been analyzed.
Diff erent manifestations of lookism in the Ukrainian language system have been described,
among them: the lexemes and idioms (including proverbs and sayings) that name the
peculiarities of a person’s appearance and have axiological connotative components in their
meanings. Special attention has been paid to the usage labels and examples given in the
defi nitions from dictionaries. Besides, the author emphasizes the importance of dictionaries
as a means of fi xation, preservation and transmission of social values, including the
discriminatory attitudes.
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On the Formation of the Communicative Competence of Young School Children
No full textВ статье автор говорит о развитии коммуникативной компетенции младших школьников на основе коммуникативно-деятельностного подхода. Одним из условий реализации такого подхода является использование на уроках русского языка коммуникативных упражнений и заданий. Именно такой подход поможет младшим школьникам свободно владеть языком.In the article the author tells about the development of communicative competention of schoolchildren on the basis of active communicative approach. One of the conditions of implementation of this approach is usage of communicative exersices and tasks on the lessons of Russian. Just such an approach will help schoolchildren to master language fluently
The Russian electricity supply industry: from reform to reform?
No full textThe Russian electricity supply industry: from reform to reform? / Nadia Chernenko. Cambridge : Electrcity Policy Research Group, 2013, 64 p. (EPRG Working Paper 1319) http://www.eprg.group.cam.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/1319-PDF1.pdf Author's abstract : The paper looks at the development of the industry in the post-Soviet Russia, starting from the ealry 1990s. The main focus is on the last reform 2003-11 and the relationship of cost, prices and investment. In particular, the author ex..
Вплив супутньої цервікалгії на психоемоційний стан, вегетативні функції і повсякденну активність у пацієнтів з епізодичною мігренню
No full textThe aim of the work is to study the occurrence of psycho-emotional and autonomic disturbance and the impact of headache on the daily activities of patients with episodic migraine, depending on the presence of concomitant cervicalgia.
Materials and methods: 77 patients with episodic migraine (17 with aura, 60 without aura, 28 men and 84 women, 18-58 years, mean 42.5±15.5 years) were included. 42 of them had concomitant cervicalgia. All patients were divided into 2 groups: I – episodic migraine with concomitant cervicalgia, II – episodic migraine without neck pain. The Spilberg-Hanin's anxiety scale, the Beck depression scale, Wayne questionnaire, Neck Disability Index and the MIDAS were used.
Results. The number of psycho-emotional disorders was higher in group patients with combined episodic migraine and cervicalgia (p<0.05). The indicators of autonomic disturbance were also higher in I group (p<0.05). The indicators depression correlated with autonomic status on subjective signs symptoms of (r=0.380) and objective signs (r=0.554). In I group the autonomic disturbance on subjective signs correlated with state anxiety (r=0.312), trait anxiety (r=0.348) and Beck scale (r=0.351). In group II autonomic objective signs correlated with the patient’s self-assessment on the same scale (r=0.919). The level of neck disability on NDI correlated with autonomic dysfunction on objective signs (r=0.338) in I group. The decrease of daily activity was more significantly reduce on MIDAS in I group compare with II group.
Conclusion. The combination of episodic migraine and cervicalgia in patients significantly reduces the daily activity rate on the MIDAS. The concomitant cervicalgia in patients with episodic migraine to contribute increase rates of state and trait anxiety and mild depressive symptoms and autonomic disturbanceЦель работы – изучить возникновение психоэмоциональных и вегетативных расстройств и влияния головных болей на повседневную активность у пациентов с эпизодической мигренью в зависимости от наличия сопутствующей цервикалгии.
Материалы и методы: в исследовании участвовали 77 пациентов с эпизодической мигренью (17 с аурой, 60 без ауры, 28 мужчин и 84 женщины, 18-58 лет, средний возраст 42,5±15,5 лет). 42 из них имели сопутствующую цервикалгию. Все пациенты были разделены на 2 группы: I – эпизодическая мигрень с сопутствующей цервикалгией, II – эпизодическая мигрень без боли в шее. Использовались шкала тревожности Спилберга-Ханина, шкала депрессии Бэка, опросник Вейна, индекс инвалидности шеи и MIDAS.
Результаты. Количество психоэмоциональных расстройств было выше в группе пациентов с сочетанной эпизодической мигренью и цервикалгией (р<0,05). Показатели вегетативных нарушений также были выше в I группе (р<0,05). Показатели депрессии коррелировали с вегетативными нарушениями по субъективным признакам (r=0,380) и объективным признакам (r=0,554). В I группе вегетативные нарушения по субъективным признакам коррелировали с ситуативной тревожностью (r=0,312), личностной тревожностью (r=0,348) и шкалой Бека (r=0,351). Во ІІ группе вегетативные объективные признаки коррелировали с самооценкой пациентов по той же шкале (r=0,919). Уровень инвалидности шеи по шкале NDI коррелировал с вегетативной дисфункцией по объективным признакам (r=0,338) в I группе. Снижение повседневной активности по шкале MIDAS было более значительным в I группе по сравнению с II группой.
Вывод. Сочетание эпизодической мигрени и цервикалгии у больных достоверно снижает повседневную активность по шкале MIDAS. Сопутствующая цервикалгия у пациентов с эпизодической мигренью способствует увеличению показателей состояния и личностной тревожности, а также легкой депрессивной симптоматики и вегетативных расстройствМета роботи – дослідити виникнення психоемоційних та вегетативних розладів та впливу головного болю на повсякденну активність у пацієнтів з епізодичною мігренню в залежності від наявності супутньої цервікалгії.
Матеріали та методи: у дослідженні брали участь 77 пацієнтів з епізодичною мігренню (17 з аурою, 60 без аури, 28 чоловіків і 84 жінки, 18-58 років, середній вік 42,5±15,5 років). 42 із них мали супутню цервікалгію. Усі пацієнти були розділені на 2 групи: І – епізодична мігрень із супутньою цервікалгією, ІІ – епізодична мігрень без болю в шиї. Використовувалися шкала тривожності Спілберга-Ханіна, шкала депресії Бека, опитувальник Вейна, індекс інвалідності шиї та MIDAS.
Результати. Кількість психоемоційних розладів була вищою у групі пацієнтів із поєднаною епізодичною мігренню та цервікалгією (р<0,05). Показники вегетативного порушення також були вищими в І групі (р<0,05). Показники депресії корелювали з вегетативними порушеннями за суб'єктивними ознаками (r=0,380) та об'єктивними ознаками (r=0,554). У І групі вегетативні порушення за суб'єктивними ознаками корелювали з ситуативною тривожністю (r=0,312), особистісною тривожністю (r=0,348) та шкалою Бека (r=0,351). У ІІ групі вегетативні об’єктивні ознаки корелювали з самооцінкою пацієнтів за цією ж шкалою (r=0,919). Рівень інвалідності шиї за шкалою NDI корелював із вегетативною дисфункцією за об’єктивними ознаками (r=0,338) у І групі. Зниження повсякденної активності за шкалою MIDAS було більш значним в І групі порівняно з II групою.
Висновок. Поєднання епізодичної мігрені та цервікалгії у хворих значно знижує рівень повсякденної активності за шкалою MIDAS. Супутня цервікалгія у пацієнтів з епізодичною міграцією сприяє збільшенню показників особистої та реактивної тривожності, а також легкої депресивної симптоматики та вегетативної дисфункці
Innovative foraging behavior of urban birds:use of insect food provided by cars
No full textDespite high-quality insect food being often restricted in cities, insects are important for the development of birds. Nonetheless, plenty of insects are smashed on cars, and they are available for those species that are able to use them. We used both our own data and community science and Internet sources for surveying global, national, and local data about birds using insects on cars. Our results contained a total of 308 observations of birds collecting insects on car panels, which indicated that 39 species used this food resource since 1928 in 33 countries. Most observations considered the House Sparrow, followed by the White Wagtail and several species of corvids. European urban bird species observed to use insects on cars had a larger residual brain size. There was also some indication that bird species using insects on cars had a larger number of innovations (i.e., production of novel behaviors), greater diet generalism, and longer times living in urbanized areas than birds not observed using insects on cars. Often these species are also resident and able to use food offered in feeding sites. We assume that more bird species will use insects on cars in the future, as urban insect populations continue to decline, and thereby insects on cars will increasingly become more important sources of food for urban birds.</p
An Integrated Approach to Assessing the Quality OF Higher Education for Students
No full textThe article discusses an integrated approach to assessing the quality of higher education for students. The author analyzes modern approaches to managing the quality of education, as well as compares different approaches to assessing students' knowledge and skills. The author emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach that takes into account not only theoretical knowledge, but also practical skills, competence and professional readiness to work in the chosen specialty. A comparison of the most common grading systems for evaluating academic achievements is made: five-point and twelve-point scales, ECTS. The author proposes five components of an integrated approach that takes into account the levels of success in: social sciences and humanities, professionally oriented disciplines, research activities, sports and artistic achievements, and practical training at internship bases. The proposed integrated approach will allow employers to objectively assess readiness, and will also help young people find their first job
Professionally-Oriented Problems in the Mathematics Course of Vocational Schools
No full textУ статті з'ясовується сутність поняття «мотивація» та підкреслюється важливість виділення етапу мотивації в структурі кожного уроку. Описано способи покращення мотивації навчальної діяльності учнів ПТНЗ шляхом застосування професійно спрямованих задач на уроках математики. Автор обґрунтовує необхідність розробки збірників професійно спрямованих задач з математики для професій, які опановують сучасні учні ПТНЗ. Описує можливості використання задач із професійним змістом на кожному з етапів уроку. У статті наведено приклади таких задач для спеціальностей «кравець-закрійник» та «електромонтер з ремонту та обслуговування електрообладнання».The article indicates the essense of a concept "motivation" and emphasizes importance of highlighting a motivation stage in the structure of each lesson. The author mentions that demonstration of application of knowledge and skills perfected during a lesson in the future professional activity is an effective method of motivation enhancement.
The purpose of the article is to consider the ways for enhancement of motivation of students in the process of studying in vocational schools through application of professionally-oriented problems in the mathematics course in vocational schools.
Research methods. The author has applied general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis of psychological and pedagogical, scientific and reference literature) and empirical methods (observing an educational process).
The article describes methods for enhancement of motivation of the educational activity of students of vocational schools through application of professionally-oriented problems during mathematics lessons. The author notes that a lecturer should select tasks and problems, situations of which contain professionally significant material for pupils, who learn different professions.
Currently, students of vocational schools study mathematics with the use of Standard Level student's books for schools providing general education. None of such books contains a sufficient amount of professionally-oriented problems for different professions, which are studied in vocational schools. Therefore, a lecturer faces a matter of selection of such problems for each specialty learned by pupils.
The author substantiates the necessity of development of collections of professionally-oriented problems in mathematics for professions learned by present students of vocational schools. The author highlights that the economic condition change influences the change of a list of professions learned by students of vocational schools. The author describes opportunities of application of professionally-oriented problems at each stage of a lesson. To select such problems, a lecturer should deep in the context of each specialty learned by pupils. It is important to collaborate with lecturers of special disciplines and masters of vocational training. The article presents examples of such problems for specialties "Tailor and cutter" and "Wireman in repair and servicing electrical equipment"
Энергетическая дипломатия в орбите энергетической безопасности
No full textActual problems of power diplomacy are touched upon in the article. The author considers power policy as an important subject in modern international relations. Power policy of different countries under crises conditions and Russian position in the world markets are discussed as well. Special attention is paid to alternative sourses of power as an object of world policy and diplomacy.В статье затрагиваются актуальные проблемы энергетической дипломатии. Автор рассматривает энергетическую политику различных стран в условиях мирового кризиса как важнейшую составляющую международных отношений, анализирует позицию России на мировом рынке энергоресурсов, а также возможности перехода на альтернативные источники энергии в целях обеспечения энергетической безопасности
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