1,720,997 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
PERSEPSI PETANI TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN IRIGASI PADA DAERAH IRIGASI BANDAR SAWAH PADANG KABUPATEN SOLOK SELATAN
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan melihat persepsi petani P3A terhadap pengelolaan irigasi di Bandar Sawah Padang, Kabupaten Solok Selatan. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif.Variabel penelitian terdiri dari variabel bebas, yaitupersepsipetani, danvariabelterikat, meliputi perolehan air, alokasi air, sistem pemeliharaan, pengadaan sumberdaya, dan penanganan konflik.Analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Persepsi petani terhadap pengelolaan perolehan air oleh P3A, terdapat 92% responden mengatakan P3A mempermudah petani dalam memperoleh air irigasi, sementara 8% menyatakan tidak. Selain itu, 87% responden mengatakan P3A menyediakan air dalam jumlah yang besar, sementara 13% responden menyatakan P3A menyediakan air dalam jumlah yang tidak besar, 2) Persepsi petani terhadap pengelolaan alokasi air oleh P3A, 92% responden menyatakan P3A selalu mendistribusikan air pada setiap petani tanpa pembedaan, sementara 8% menyatakan sebaliknya. Selain itu, terdapat 91% petani menyatakan alokasi distribusi penggunaan air memperhitungkan ketersediaan dan kebutuhan air, sementra 9% responden menyatakan tidak seharusnya seperti itu, 3) Persepsi petani terhadap sistem pemeliharaan irigasi, terdapat 7% petani setuju jika sistem pemeliharaan saluran irigasi selalu dilakukan secara gotong royong, sisanya 93% responden tidak setuju. Selain itu, 7% responden menyatakan P3A selalu mendorong petani ikut serta melakukan pemeliharaan dan merawat sistem saluran irigasi, sementara 93% lainnya tidak setuju, 4) Persepsi petani terhadap sistem pengelolaan pengadaan sumber daya untuk pemeliharaan saluran irigasi, 7% responden setuju jika P3A menghimpun tenaga kerja untuk pemeliharaan irigasi, sementara 93% responden tidak setuju. Selain itu, 3% responden menyatakan P3A perlu menghimpun dana melalui iuran kepada petani untuk pemeliharaan irigasi, sementara 97% responden tidak setuju dengan adanya iuran, dan 5) Persepsi petani terhadappengelolaan konflik dalam pengalokasian air irigasi, dimana 100% responden setuju jika P3A menampung dan menengahi perselisihan akibat alokasi air. Selain itu, 86% responden setuju jika P3A tidak memberikan air irigasi selain untuk pertanian, sementara 14% tidak setuju, alasannyaair irigasi dapat juga digunakan untuk keperluan minum ternak, mencuci, dan lainnya.
Kata Kunci: Persepsi, Petani, Irigasi, Bandar Sawah Padang
PERCEPTIONS OF FARMERS ON IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT ON BANDAR SAWAH PADANG KABUPATEN SOLOK SELATAN
Amri Ismail (1021202157)
(under the guidance of Prof. Dr. Nursyirwan Effendi, and Dr.Ir Osmet, M.Sc.)
Study Program Regional and Rural Development
Graduate Program, Andalas University
ABSTRACT
This study aims to look at the perception of farmers on irrigation management P3A in irrigation area of Bandar Sawah Padang, South Solok. This research is a quantitative research. Variabel consisted of independent variabels, are perception of farmers, and dependent variabel, includes water acquisition, water allocation, system of maintenance, procurement of resources, and conflict handling. Analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that: 1) Perception of farmers on the acquisition of water management by P3A, there are 92% of respondents said that P3A facilitate the farmers in obtaining water for irrigation, while 8% said no. In addition, 87% of respondents said that P3A provide water in large quantities, while 13% of respondents stated that P3A provide water in an amount not large, 2) Perception of farmers on the management of water allocations by P3A, as many as 92% of respondents stated that P3A always distributing water to each farmer without distinction, while 8% said the opposite. In addition, there are 91% of the farmers stated that the allocation distribuasi water use taking into account the availability and the need of water, while 9% of respondents are not supposed to like it, 3) Perception of farmers on maintenance system for irrigation, there are as many as 7% of the farmers agreed that if the maintenance system of irrigation channels are always made by mutual cooperation, the remaining 93% of respondents disagreed. In addition, 7% of respondents stated that P3A always encourage farmers to participate and perform maintenance and care system of irrigation channels, while 93% do not agree, 4) Perception of farmers on the management system of procurement of resources for maintenance of irrigation chanals, as many as 7% of respondents agreed that if P3A gather manpower for maintenance of irrigation, while the remaining 93% of respondents disagreed. In addition, 3% of respondents said P3A need to raise funds through contributeof the farmers for maintenance of irrigation, while 97% of respondents do not agree with their dues, and 5) Perception of farmers on the management of conflicts in the allocation of water for irrigation, of which 100% of respondents agreed that if P3A accomodating and accommodate and mediate disputes as a result of the allocation of water. In addition, 86% of respondents agree that P3A not provide irrigation water in addition to agriculture, while the remaining 14% do not agree, because for them the irrigation water can also be used for livestock drinking and washing.
Keywords: Perception, Farmer, Irrigation, Bandar Sawah Padan
Tunisian Eucalyptus essential oils: exploring their potential for biological applications
No full textThis study focuses on different chemo-types of Tunisian Eucalyptus essential oils (EOs) and their potential for controlling aphids, phytopathogenic fungi, weed germination and seedling growth.The EOs, obtained from Eucalyptus astringens (Maiden) Maiden and Eucalyptus lehmannii (Schauer) Benth. leaves through hydrodistillation, were analyzed using GC-MS. The chemical analysis revealed a significant presence of oxygenated monoterpenes (ranging from 41.0% to 83.0%), primarily 1,8-cineole (ranging from 30.5% to 58.5%), and oxygenated sesquiterpenes, mainly globulol (19.0%) for E. astringens. In contrast, alpha-pinene (7.0%) was the second most abundant chemical class for E. lehmannii.Statistical analysis demonstrated that both EOs were effective against aphids, fungi, and weeds based on their composition. E. lehmannii showed high efficacy against aphids, causing complete mortality in Aphis fabae Scopoli and an 87.28 +/- 0.65% mortality rate in Aphis nerii Fonscolombe at a concentration of 0.6 mg/mL. E. astringens exhibited antifungal activity with consistent inhibitory effects exceeding 50.59 +/- 0.87% against Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl., and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary displayed even higher susceptibility with an inhibition rate of 83.33 +/- 1.10%.Similarly, E. lehmannii inhibited fungal growth by nearly 50%, with Fusarium culmorum Schltdl. exhibiting a minimum inhibition rate of 45.59 +/- 0.71%. Both EOs also displayed significant herbicidal potential by impeding weed germination and seedling growth. Sinapis arvensis L. was particularly susceptible, with complete inhibition observed at a concentration of 2 mg/mL. Overall, these findings highlight the potential application of these Eucalyptus EOs for bio-control, underscoring their diverse characteristics
Phytochemical study on the essential oils of Callitris glaucophylla Joy Thomps. & L.A.S. Johnson, and assessment of their antioxidant, anti-enzymatic and allelopathic effects
Full text link: Callitris glaucophylla Joy Thomps. & L.A.S. Johnson is a coniferous forest species of the Cupressaceae family native to Australia. This species is rich in essential oils (EOs) but few studies about variability and biological activity of these EOs are available in the literature. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the variability of production of C. glaucophylla EOs in relation to the different plant parts (needles, cones and stems) and to investigate their antioxidant, anti-enzymatic and herbicidal properties. EOs were obtained by hydro distillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The antioxidant potential of EOs was assessed by ABTS, FRAP and DPPH assays, their phytotoxic activities were evaluated against germination and shoots and radical growth of Sinapis arvensis, Trifolium campestre, Lepidium sativum and Lolium rigidum. The EOs were evaluated for their possible anti-enzymatic effects with spectrophotometric assay. EOs resulted rich in monoterpenes hydrocarbons (61.04-77.82 %) and oxygenated monoterpenes (19.52-25.26 %). The main compounds were α-pinene as major compound in all plant parts (36.99-59.84 %), 1,8-cineole (19.88 % in stems) and limonene (18.94 % in needles). Herbicidal assays showed that all EOs have remarkable and significant phytotoxicity towards germination, roots, and aerial parts growth of the tested plants, depending on the EO, the doses and tested species. The EOs showed significant free radical scavenging potential and resulted more active against cholinesterases than α-glucosidase and α-amylase. The data obtained constitute an important contribution in selecting and valorizing appropriate forestry tree biomass as sources of antioxidant and phytotoxic molecules for sustainable application in food preservation and weeds control. The activities against the tested enzymes confirmed a possible use of these EOs as natural pesticides
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Essential oils from Anethum graveolens L. and their phytotoxic and antibiofilm potential
No full textEssential oils (EOs) from inflorescences (EO-i), stems (EO-s) and leaves (EO-l) of Anethum graveolens are analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The main components are alpha-phellandrene (51.44%) and p-cymene (22.65%) in the EO-i, p-cymene (50.75%) and alpha-phellandrene (35.73%) in EO-s and p-cymene (40.01%) and alpha-phellandrene (36.38%) in EO-l. The phytotoxic activity was tested against germination and growth of aerial parts and roots of dicotyledones (Sinapis arvensis and Trifolium campestre) and monocotyledone (Lolium multiflorum) weeds. The EOs proved to be particularly active against S. arvensis and T. campestre, causing total inhibition of germination and growth at the highest doses (2.0 and 1.5 mu L/mL) with IC(50 )values included between 0.3 and 1.6 mg/mL. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activity was tested against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) and Gram negative (Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) pathogenic bacterial strains. EOs presented MICs lower than those of Tetracycline (20-24 mg/mL) against most bacterial strains (from 4 to 6 mg/mL). EOs were found to be active in inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation with IC(50 )values between 1.47 and 3.85 mg/mL. The activity against bacterial metabolism occurred for EO-i and EO-s against A. baumannii and E. coli with IC50 between 0.99 and 5.39 mg/mL. This investigation provides data about the chemical variation among different parts of A. graveolens and encourages the use of its EOs as natural phytotoxic and antibacterial agents in agriculture, food and pharmaceutical sectors
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