1,722,064 research outputs found
Emerging Functions of Regulatory T Cells in Tissue Homeostasis
Full text linkCD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are a unique subset of helper T-cells, which regulate immune response and establish peripheral tolerance. Tregs not only maintain the tone and tenor of an immune response by dominant tolerance but, in recent years, have also been identified as key players in resolving tissue inflammation and as mediators of tissue healing. Apart from being diverse in their origin (thymic and peripheral) and location (lymphoid and tissue resident), Tregs are also phenotypically heterogeneous as per the orientation of ongoing immune response. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the field of Treg biology in general, and non-lymphoid and tissue-resident Tregs in particular. We elaborate upon well-known visceral adipose tissue, colon, skin, and tumor-infiltrating Tregs and newly identified tissue Treg populations as in lungs, skeletal muscle, placenta, and other tissues. Our attempt is to differentiate Tregs based on distinctive properties of their location, origin, ligand specificity, chemotaxis, and specific suppressive mechanisms. Despite ever expanding roles in maintaining systemic homeostasis, Tregs are employed by large varieties of tumors to dampen antitumor immunity. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of Treg biology in the context of inflammation can be instrumental in effectively managing tissue transplantation, autoimmunity, and antitumor immune responses. © 2018 Sharma and Rudra1
Regulatory T cells as therapeutic targets and mediators
Full text linkWith the advent of the concept of dominant tolerance and the subsequent discovery of
CD4þ regulatory T cells expressing the transcription factor FOXP3 (Tregs), almost all productive
as well as nonproductive immune responses can be compartmentalized to a binary of
immune effector T cells and immune regulatory Treg populations. A beneficial immune
response warrants the timely regulation by Tregs, whereas a nonproductive immune
response indicates insufficient effector functions or an outright failure of tolerance. There
are ample reports supporting role of Tregs in suppressing spontaneous auto-immune diseases
as well as promoting immune evasion by cancers. To top up their importance, several
non-immune functions like tissue homeostasis and regeneration are also being attributed to
Tregs. Hence, after being in the center stage of basic and translational immunological
research, Tregs are making the next jump towards clinical studies. Therefore, newer small
molecules, biologics as well as adoptive cell therapy (ACT) approaches are being tested to
augment or undermine Treg responses in the context of autoimmunity and cancer. In this
brief review, we present the strategies to modulate Tregs towards a favorable clinical
outcome. c. 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC11sciescopu
sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089231221541 - Supplemental material for Experimental investigation in sustainable electric discharge drilling of Inconel alloy using grey-based fuzzy logic approach
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089231221541 for Experimental investigation in sustainable electric discharge drilling of Inconel alloy using grey-based fuzzy logic approach by Tasnim Arif and Amit Sharma in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</p
A Novel Model for Visual Content Based Image Retrieval using Transfer Learning
No full textAbstract: At present, the revolution brought by deep learning based technologies in the field of computer vision gaining momentum in the world of artificial intelligence. In particular, the best models for retrieving common images today are based on features generated by deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs). However, this great success was expensive. A comprehensive amount of tagged data had to be collected, followed by model design and training. Meanwhile, a transfer-of-learning approach has been developed that avoids this costly step by applying a sophisticated, pre-trained generic DCNN model to completely different data domains. With the use of transfer learning, it becomes possible to use deep CNN models for small datasets with better retrieval performance with respect to handcrafted feature based retrieval methods. In this paper a deep CNN based model has been proposed which uses concept of transfer learning and achieves good classification accuracy.Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
and Sciences Publication (BEIESP)
© Copyright: All rights reserved
sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089221112071 - Supplemental material for Empirical modeling and optimization of kerf characteristics in Nd-YAG laser cutting of Al 6061-T6 sheet
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089221112071 for Empirical modeling and optimization of kerf characteristics in Nd-YAG laser cutting of Al 6061-T6 sheet by Amit Sharma, Priyanka Joshi and Kuldeep K Saxena in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</p
sj-docx-1-jht-10.1177_10963480221086846 – Supplemental material for Firm Performance During a Crisis: Effects of Adhocracy Culture, Incremental Product Innovation, and Firm Size
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jht-10.1177_10963480221086846 for Firm Performance During a Crisis: Effects of Adhocracy Culture, Incremental Product Innovation, and Firm Size by Breffni M. Noone, Michael S. Lin and Amit Sharma in Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
ASSESSMENT OF MATERNAL MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY AMONG PATIENTS WITH SEVERE PREECLAMPSIA ECLAMPSIA AND HELLP SYNDROME
No full textPrachi Sood*1, Abhishek Chhibber*2, Mandeep Kaur3and Amit Sharma
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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