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PENURUNAN BEBAN PENCEMAR PADA LIMBAH DOMESTIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MOVING BED BIOFILTER REAKTOR (MBBR)
Get PDFAir limbah domestik umumnya mengandung zat pencemar seperti Biological Oxigen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxigen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), dan partikel tercampur. Zat pencemar ini biasanya melebihi standar baku mutu.air limbah domestik berdasarkan peraturan Gubernur Jawa Timur nomor 52 tahun 2014. Teknologi yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknologi Moving Bed Biological Reactor (MBBR). Tujuannya yaitu mengkaji kemampuan MBBR bermedia kaldness terhadap penurunan beban pencemar pada limbah cair domestik. Air limbah domestik yang dijadikan sebagai sampel penelitian bersumber dari daerah Gembong RW 5 Surabaya. Penelitian dilakukan selama 7 hari untuk mengetahui seberapa besar efisiensi MBBR dalam menurunkan beban pencemar tersebut. Masa aklimatisasi berlangsung selama 18 hari untuk mencapai kondisi steady state. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan metode grafik. Hal ini dilakukan untuk memudahkan dalam pembacaan hasil analisis. Parameter limbah yang dianalsisi yaitu BOD5, COD dan TSS. Hasil pengamatan awal limbah cair domestik sebelum terolah adalah pada kadar BOD sebesar186,24 mg/L, kadar COD sebesar 352 mg/L dan kadar TSS sebesar 400 mg/L. Dari hasil pengamatan dilapangan diperoleh efisiensi penyisishan BOD5 adalah 83,3%, efisiensi COD sebesar 84,2% dan efisiensi penyisishan TSS sebesar 90%
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
PENGARUH BEBAN HIDROLIK MEDIA DALAM MENURUNKAN SENYAWA AMMONIA PADA LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH POTONG AYAM (RPA)
Get PDFLimbah rumah potong ayam (RPA) umumnya mengandung zat pencemar seperti Biological Oxygen Deman (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Deman (COD) dan Amonia yang tinggi. Umumnya senyawa pencemar tersebut terbentuk dalam pencernaan lipid. Kandungan ammonia pada limbah rumah potong ayam umumnya melebihi baku mutu yang sudah ditetapkan. Biofilter anaerob merupakan salah satu metode pengolahan limbah cair yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengolah air limbah RPA. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai adalah mengkaji kemampuan beban hidrolik media dalam menurunkan senyawa amonia pada air limbah RPA. Beban hidrolik media yang digunakan terdiri dari tiga variasi yaitu diantaranya 0,006 m3/m2media.hari, 0,009 m3/m2media.hari dan 0,015 m3/m2media.hari. Media yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu media karbon aktif untuk menurunkan beban pencemar ammonia pada air limbah RPA dengan sistem biofilter anaerob tercelup aliran upflow. Reaktor yang digunakan dalam percobaan ini adalah terdiri dari 3 reaktor dengan ukuran berbeda-beda. Efisiensi penyisihan kandungan amonia disimpulkan bahwa penerapan beban hidrolik media 0,006 m3/m2media.hari mampu menyisihkan senyawa ammonia lebih dari 95%
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
APLIKASI MEDIA BATU APUNG PADA BIOFILTER ANAEROBIK UNTUK PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH POTONG AYAM
No full textSistem biofilter anaerobik merupakan salah satu alternatif teknologi yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk menangani limbah cair Rumah Potong Ayam (RPA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengidentifikasi karakteristik limbah cair RPA dan 2) mengkaji efisiensi penyisihan kadar BOD dan COD dengan sistem biofilter anaerobik menggunakan media batu apung. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 10 hari dengan adanya variasi volume reaktor yaitu 30 cm x 30 cm x 60 cm, 25 cm x 25 cm x 60 cm, and 20 cm x 20 cm x 60 cm. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara duplo sehingga dibutuhkan 6 buah reaktor yang terbuat dari bahan akrilik. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah nilai suhu, pH, kadar BOD, dan COD limbah cair RPA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar BOD dan COD awal limbah RPA berturut-turut mempunyai nilai 1,65 mg/L dan 2,60 mg/L, dimana nilai ini melebihi baku mutu air limbah menurut Peraturan Gubernur Jatim Nomor 72 Tahun 2013 Tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah Bagi Industri dan/ atau Kegiatan Usaha Lainnya. Penyisihan kadar BOD pada limbah cair RPA dengan menggunakan reaktor biofilter anaerobik bermedia batu apung sebesar 94%, sedangkan penyisihan kadar COD mencapai 96%
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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