Rumah Jurnal Online - Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya
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Evaluasi Pengelolaan Sampah Kecamatan Gresik Kabupaten Gresik Ditinjau Dari Aspek Teknis
Full text linkSolid waste management is a serious challenge for the government in making policies, so integrated and sustainable waste management is needed. Gresik Regency is one of the areas that support the development of the city of Surabaya so it is experiencing rapid growth in all sectors. The condition of the capacity of the Ngipik landfill waste cell serving the Gresik sub-district has experienced an overload. The problem in this research is how solid waste management in Gresik district is viewed from the technical aspect with an evaluation that refers to the applicable laws and regulations on waste so that the research objectives are obtained by analyzing the technical aspects. This study uses quantitative data and qualitative data methods and then analyzed them by conducting a review of aspects related to the validity of existing conditions according to normative standards and waste management theory. The evaluation results obtained as follows: The level of waste reduction has not yet reached 30% and waste services in Gresik sub-district by: 100%, there is still at least a willingness to store segregated containers, there are still TPS without roofs, transportation has been fulfilled but the fleet and containers are still available, not feasible, the location of the Ngipik landfill is feasible based on SNI 03-3141-1994.Pengelolaan sampah merupakan tantangan serius bagi pemerintah dalam mengambil kebijakan, sehingga dibutuhkan pengelolaan sampah yang terintregasi dan berkelanjutan. Kabupaten Gresik merupakan salah satu daerah yang mendukung perkembangan kota Surabaya sehingga mengalami pertumbuhan disegala sektor secara pesat. kondisi kapasitas sel sampah TPA Ngipik yang melayani kecamatan Gresik telah mengalami overload. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana pengelolaan sampah dikecamatan Gresik ditinjau dari aspek teknis dengan evaluasi yang mengacu pada paraturan perundang – undangan tentang persampahan yang berlaku, sehingga diperoleh tujuan penelitian dengan cara menganalisis aspek teknis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode data kuantitatif dan data kualitatif kemudian dianalisis dengan melakukan tinjauan terhadap aspek yang berkaitan dengan keabsahan kondisi eksisting menurut standar normatif dan teori pengelolaan sampah. Dari hasil evaluasi diperoleh sebagai berikut Tingkat pengurangan sampah belum mencapai 30% dan layanan persampahan di Kecamatan Gresik sebesar: 100 %, masih sedikitnya kesediaan pewadahan terpilah, masih ada TPS tanpa atap, pengangkutan sudah memenuhi namun armada dan kontainer masih ada yg kurang layak, lokasi TPA Ngipik layak berdasarkan SNI 03-3141-1994
Evaluasi Pengelolaan Sampah di Perusahaan Air Minum Dalam Kemasan
Full text linkCurrently, bottled drinking water (AMDK) companies in Indonesia are growing rapidly due to the need for water that is ready for consumption by the community. This research aims to identify sources of waste and evaluate Solid Waste Management (SWM) system in a selected bottled water company. The research adopted descriptive analysis methods through field observations and compared existing SWM with best practices and available standards. In its production line, the selected AMDK company produces non-hazardous solid wastes from production and domestic activities. Non-hazarodus waste from production activity generated from rejected products in the bottled water production process, testing the quality of the bottled drinking water produced, product packaging, until product transportation for the distribution. Non-hazarodus waste from domestic activity/municipal solid waste (MSW) generated from employees and it contributed around 33.7% of the total non-hazardous waste generation. From the observation, the company have implemented MSW management by prioritizing the waste reduction and segregation at the source and at waste temporary storage (TPS), and waste processing such as composting and eco-brick innovations. Better campaign of waste segregation and sustainability of waste processing are some of recommendation resulted from the research to reduce as much as possible the amount of waste to be transported to the Final Processing Site (TPA).Saat ini, perusahaan Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) di Indonesia sangat berkembang pesat karena adanya kebutuhan akan air yang siap dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi sumber sampah dan mengevaluasi sistem pengelolaan sampah di suatu perusahaan AMDK terpilih. Penelitian menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif melalui observasi di lapangan dan membandingkan eksisting pengelolaan sampah dengan best practices dan standar yang tersedia. Dalam alur produksinya, perusahaan AMDK yang diteliti menghasilkan limbah padat non-B3 dari kegiatan produksi dan dari kegiatan domestik. Limbah padat non-B3 dari hasil kegiatan produksi berasal dari produk reject pada proses produksi AMDK, pengujian kualitas AMDK yang diproduksi, pengemasan produk, hingga pengangkutan produk untuk distribusi. Limbah padat non-B3 kegiatan domestik/sampah berasal dari pegawai dan berkontribusi sebanyak 33,7% dari total timbulan limbah padat non-B3. Dari hasil observasi, Perusahaan telah mengimplementasikan metode pengelolaan sampah dengan memprioritaskan kegiatan pengurangan dan pemilahan sampah di sumber dan di Tempat Penampungan Sementara (TPS), serta pengolahan sampah seperti komposting dan inovasi eco-brick. Kampanye pemilahan sampah dan keberlanjutan pengolahan sampah merupakan beberapa usulan rekomendasi yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini agar dapat mengurangi semaksimal mungkin jumlah sampah yang diangkut ke Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) sampah
Evaluasi Performa Panel Surya Terintegrasi Bangunan berdasarkan Standar Greenship: Menuju Bangunan Sekolah Net Zero Energi
No full textgenerated from a variety of sources, both renewable and nonrenewable. Switching from nonrenewable to renewable energy sources is one of many strategies that can be used to achieve net-zero buildings. In Indonesia, this strategy is very feasible due to its abundant renewable energy resources, particularly solar energy. This research presents a school building as the proposed case. The school, SCK Citra Garden, is chosen as the pilot project due to its access to solar radiation and its minimum shading conditions. Using Helioscope software, BIPV modelling was simulated on its roof, and the electrical energy output from BIPV was calculated. The substitution percentages of BIPV energy output for conventional electrical energy consumed by the building were then measured. This percentage was compared to the National Energy Mix target and Greenhouse Gas Standard to assess its performance towards net-zero school buildings. The result shows that BIPV has a good performance. Even though the substitution percentage is still below the national energy mix target, it exceeds the greenhouse gas standard target for on-site renewable energy tools.Bangunan di setiap tahap kehidupannya memiliki tantangan dalam hal produksi energi. Produksi energi dapat berasal dari berbagai sumber, baik dari energi terbarukan maupun tak terbarukan. Mengalihkan sumber energi dari yang tidak terbarukan ke energi terbarukan merupakan salah satu dari sekian banyak strategi yang dapat diterapkan untuk menciptakan Net Zero Building. Di Indonesia, strategi ini sangat mungkin untuk diterapkan mengingat ketersediaan sumber energi terbarukan yang melimpah, khususnya energi surya. Penelitian ini menghadirkan gedung sekolah sebagai obyek studinya. Sekolah SCK Citra Garden dipilih sebagai proyek percontohan karena lokasinya yang memungkinkan akses terhadap radiasi matahari dan kondisi pembayangan yang minim. Permodelan BIPV pada atap disimulasikan dan bangkitan energi listrik diprediksi dengan menggunakan Helioscope. Persentase substitusi dari bangkitan energi listrik yang dihasilkan BIPV terhadap energi listrik konvensional kemudian dihitung. Kinerja Net Zero School Building diukur dengan membandingkan persentase tersebut dengan target Bauran Energi Nasional dan standar Greenship. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa BIPV memiliki kinerja yang baik. Meskipun persentase subsitutsinya masih di bawah target bauran energi nasional, namun sudah melebihi target standar Greenship untuk bangkitan energi terbarukan pada tapak
Karakteristik Bakteri Pendegradasi Bahan Pangan Asal Saluran Pencernaan Kecoa Amerika (Periplaneta americana) dari Pasar Tradisional
Full text linkAmerican cockroach (Periplaneta americana) is one of the most common pests found in houses, apartments, and public facilities such as markets. As vector insects, cockroaches have symbiosis with microorganisms. Some of these microorganisms can live in cockroaches' cuticles and digestive tracts. Besides being able to pose a danger to human health, the microbes in cockroach bodies also have the potential to cause food damage. This study aimed to determine the diversity of microorganisms originating from the digestive tract of the American cockroach and their potential to cause food spoilage. The research was conducted in several stages: sampling cockroaches at a traditional market, isolating bacteria from the digestive tract of cockroaches, qualitatively testing amylolytic, proteolytic, and lipolytic potentials, and characterizing bacterial isolate by morphologically and biochemically character. The results showed that there were 26 isolates of bacteria isolated from the digestive tract of American cockroaches from the market, 62.96% of the isolates were found to have the ability to degrade protein, 37.04% of the isolates had the ability to degrade starch, and 40.74% of the total isolates can degrade fat. These isolates had various morphological and biochemical characteristics. Bacterial isolates derived from American cockroaches from traditional markets have the potential to degrade food
Pengaruh Pemberian Infusa Albedo Semangka terhadap Perubahan Ukuran Diameter Pulau Langerhans Pankreas Tikus Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Diabetes Mellitus
Full text linkDiabetes Mellitus condition (DM) correlates with the damage that occur in pancreas especially in Langerhans islets, one of the damage indicators is diameter changes of Langerhans islets that getting smaller compare with the normal sizes. The use of natural ingredients to control diabetes mellitus can be done by infusing sweet beauty watermelon albedo which can be found abundant in traditional market. Albedo layer of watermelon contain antioxidant compounds that can help to regenerate Langerhans islets of pancreas. This study purpose was to know the effect of giving watermelon’s infusion albedo to diameter of Langerhans islets in diabetes mellitus rats (Rattus norvegicus), and analyze the potential process occurred based on the result as information source for other research. This study used 25 male rats (Rattus norvegicus) as animal model with 5 groups treatment which were normal group, positive group as control (DM without treatment), A group (DM+1000 mg/kgBB watermelon’s infusions albedo), B group (DM+1500 mg/kgBB watermelon’s infusions albedo), and C group (DM+2000 mg/kgBB watermelon’s infusions albedo). After all the treatments, the rats were anesthetized and dissected and then their pancreas was taken. The pancreas was processed into histological slides by fixing the pancreas in a fixative solution (10% formalin) then dehydrated in a series of graded ethanol and embedded in paraffin wax, cut at a thickness of 4 µm, and finally stained with hematoxylin-eosin dye for microscopic observation, according to the stages Histopathological analysis of the gonads was examined using standard methods. Data was collected by measuring the size of Langerhans islets with microscope Olympus CX33 and connected to the raster image application. Data results from this study indicate that watermelon’s infusion albedo had effect to increase the diameter of Langerhans islets of rat with diabetes mellitu
Estimates of the economic damages of an oil spill on the coast of Muara Gembong, Bekasi Regency, West Java, Indonesia
Full text linkCoastal Muara Gembong is included in the Environmental Strategic Area, and the Natural Resources Strategic Area based on the Bekasi Regency Regional Spatial Plan 2011-2031. The Java Sea as the northern boundary of Bekasi Regency, one of the busy shipping routes originating from Tanjung Priok to Jayapura and Tanjung Priok to Surabaya, is the main source of oil spills that can occur around the coastal area of Muara Gembong. The coastal area of Muara Gembong has been affected by the Pertamina oil spill since July 21, 2019. The purpose of this study is to estimates the economic damages due to oil spills at Muara Gembong mangrove ecosystem. The economic damages are calculated by including two components, namely compensable value and recovery costs. Compensable value obtained by assessing natural resource damage, i.e. mangrove ecosystem, includes both the value of direct benefits and indirect benefits, which is IDR 497,519,413,897.09. The value of the recovery cost is IDR 40,611,959,689.98. So, the economic losses due to the oil spill on the Muara Gembong mangrove ecosystem is IDR 538,131,373,587.08. Along with these results, the government must also immediately be able to identify the impacts and calculate the value of losses or economic impacts to optimize the response to oil spill incidents
Economic valuation of the impact of sand washing in Boncong, Tuban Regency, East Java, Indonesia
Full text linkBancar District is one of the strategic areas in the Tuban Regency Spatial Plan i.e. as the Minapolitan strategic area. Since 2019, in the Bancar District area, precisely in Boncong Village, there has been a silica sand washing area which its waste directly dumped into the river and resulted in many negative impacts. This study aims to calculating the environmental cost due to sand washing activity in Boncong area. The environmental cost in this study was calculated through cost based approach. The results of the study show that the losses incurred due to silica sand washing activity in Boncong reach IDR 508,600,000.00 per year, i.e. IDR 496,000,000.00 per year for maintenance of fisher’s ship and additional costs for aquaculture water treatment are IDR 12,600,000.00 per year. Economic approach, and also an ecological approach, has potentially large implications for policy-making of mitigation the impact of sand washing activity
Evaluasi Tempat Penampungan Sementara (TPS) Sampah (Studi Kasus: Kota Bandung)
Full text linkBandung City is one of the highest solid waste-producing cities in Indonesia. Waste management needs to be organized so that the waste produced does not harm urban areas. One example of waste management is providing temporary waste storage sites (TPS) as intermediate transfer stations. One hundred fifty-six permanent TPS operates in Bandung, spread over 30 sub-districts with various conditions, both running well and unsuitable conditions affecting waste handling. This study aims to identify the condition of TPS waste management in the city of Bandung and evaluate it based on technical criteria for appropriate TPS buildings. The method for assessing the feasibility of TPS is assessed using 17 criteria, including criteria for TPS buildings and facilities. The evaluation was carried out at 44 TPS in Bandung. The evaluation results show seven criteria for transfer stations with a high degree of conformity and ten for a low level of conformity. The evaluation results resulted in the need for efforts to improve and develop TPS so that it can be used according to the criteria.
Kota Bandung merupakan salah satu kota penghasil sampah tertinggi di Indonesia. Pengelolaan sampah perlu ditata, agar sampah yang dihasilkan tidak berdampak negatif di wilayah perkotaan. Salah satu contoh penanganan sampah berupa penyediaan tempat penampungan sementara (TPS) sampah sebagai stasiun transfer antara. Terdapat 156 TPS permanen yang beroperasi di Kota Bandung yang tersebar di 30 kecamatan dengan berbagai kondisi baik berjalan baik maupun kondisi tidak sesuai yang mempengaruhi penanganan sampah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi pengelolaan TPS di Kota Bandung dan mengevaluasi berdasarkan kriteria teknis bangunan TPS yang sesuai. Metode menilai kelayakan TPS dinilai menggunakan 17 kriteria TPS yang meliputi kriteria bangunan dan fasilitas TPS. Evaluasi dilakukan pada 44 TPS di Kota Bandung. Dari hasil evaluasi terdapat 8 kriteria TPS stasiun transfer dengan tingkat kesesuaian yang tinggi dan 9 kriteria TPS dengan tingkat kesesuaian yang rendah. Hasil evaluasi menghasilkan perlu ada upaya perbaikan dan pengembangan TPS hingga dapat digunakan sesuai kriteria
The Ability of Secondary Metabolites from Actinomadura sp. as COVID-19 Protease Inhibitor: In Silico Method
Full text linkThe pandemic of COVID-19 disease in the late of 2019 resulted in the massive screening for drug discovery purpose. However, there is still no reports about the ability of natural products from bacterial group of class Actinobacteria as COVID-19 inhibitor. The aim of this research is to identify the potential ability of natural compounds from Actinomadura sp., the member of class Actinobacteria, against two receptors of COVID-19 protease with PDB ID 6LU7 and 5R7Y. The eleven natural compounds were docked using AutoDock Vina and the interaction between receptor and ligands were analysed using LIGPLOT. The most potential compound was simulated for its interaction stability using Yet Another Scientific Artificial Reality Application (YASARA) dynamics. The result of molecular docking by AutoDock Vina showed that Sagamilactam become the most potential inhibitor for viral protease as it had lower binding affinity (6LU7:-12 and 5R7Y:-10.4) compared to the both of native ligand (6LU7:-11.4 and 5R7Y:-4.6). Furthermore, the interaction of the most potential ligand showed the low number of Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) deviation in molecular dynamic simulations. This result validated the docking method that used and indicated that secondary metabolites produced from rare actinobacteria of Actinomadura sp. have promising possibility to inhibit COVID-19 protease
The Phenomenon of Worship: Seven Principles of Designing Prayer Room at Home
Full text linkWorship is essential to every human being, but finding a house with a particular prayer room is still rare. This study seeks to capture the various phenomena of worship in the dwelling, consisting of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. In general, the choice of space for prayer at home stems from intrinsic motivation from within. This research seeks to find extrinsic motivation, a characteristic of the environment that is then analyzed and compiled into design principles. This research was conducted using a qualitative grounded theory approach. The data were collected by distributing open questionnaires freely (non-random sampling). The data obtained from 192 respondents were analyzed using content analysis, which was carried out in three stages: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The investigation found seven (seven) designs for unique prayer rooms in the house. These principles include comfort, privacy, tranquility, minimal distraction, flexibility, cleanliness, and closeness. This study also revealed that a particular room for worship could increase religious activities at home and interaction between family members in spiritual and religious aspectsWorship is an essential aspect for every human being, but it is still rare to find a house with a particular prayer room. This study seeks to capture the various phenomena of worship in the dwelling, consisting of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. In general, the choice of space for worship at home departs from intrinsic motivation from within. This research seeks to find extrinsic motivation, a characteristic of the environment that is then analyzed and compiled into design principles. This research was conducted using a qualitative grounded theory approach. Data was collected by distributing open questionnaires distributed freely (non-random sampling). The data obtained from 192 respondents were analyzed using content analysis, which was carried out in three stages, namely open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The analysis results found that there were 7 (seven) designs for special prayer rooms in the house. These principles include comfort, privacy, tranquillity, minimal distraction, flexibility, cleanliness, and closeness. This study also revealed that the presence of a special room for worship could increase religious activities at home and increase interaction between family members in spiritual and religious aspects